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clout

維基詞典，自由的多語言詞典

英语

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发音

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词源 1

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源自中古英語 clout，源自古英語 clūt，源自原始日耳曼語 *klūtaz，源自原始印歐語 *gelewdos，源自原始印歐語 *gel- (“积”)。词义“（尤指政治上的）影响力”源自芝加哥方言，后传播普及。

同源词包括古諾爾斯語 klútr (“方头巾”)[1]、瑞典語 klut、丹麥語 klud、中古高地德語 klōz (“块”)，其派生出德語 Kloß，及俄语方言глуда (gluda)[2]。参见cleat。

名词

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clout (可數 和 不可數，複數 clouts)

  1. （尤指政治上的）影响力
    • 1975, Len O'Connor, Clout--Mayor Daley and His City‎[1]，第 74 頁:
      Having relinquished his clout in City Council to run for a place on the county board, and having lost stature by reason of his failure to win the presidency, Duffy was in no position to seek the party chairmanship for himself
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 2011年12月15日, Felicity Cloake, “How to cook the perfect nut roast”, 出自 Guardian‎[2]:
      The chopped mushrooms add depth to both the Waitrose and the Go-Go Vegan recipe, but what gives the latter some real clout on the flavour front is a teaspoon of Marmite.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 2017, Kimetrius Foose (Lil Skies), Myron Goedhart （作曲作詞）, “Fake”, 演出者 Lil Skies:
      It's funny how they judge you when they see you made a change / I poured another four just to take away the pain / My friends weren't my friends, they was [sic] looking for some clout / I had what they wanted so they always came around
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 2019年11月29日, Taylor Lorenz, “Here’s What’s Happening in the American Teenage Bedroom”, 出自 New York Times‎[3]:
      Rowan, like most teenagers on the internet, wasn’t after fame or money, though he made a decent amount — at one point $10,000 a month and more, he said. What Rowan wanted was clout. On the internet, clout is a social currency that can be used to obtain just about anything. Rack up enough while you’re young, and doors everywhere begin to open.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  2. (區域用語，非正式) 手打，用手击打
  3. (棒球，非正式) 全垒打，本垒打
    近義詞：home run
    • 2011年8月17日, Michael Vega, “Triple double”, 出自 The Boston Globe，第 C1 頁:
      '... allowed Boston to score all of its runs on homers, including a pair of clouts by Jacoby Ellsbury ...'
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  4. (射箭) 靶心 （可能是因为以前是用一块白布或钉头来表示）
  5. (區域用語，過時) 作襁褓的布
    • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chapter 12:
      When a new-hatched savage running wild about his native woodlands in a grass clout, followed by the nibbling goats, as if he were a green sapling; even then, in Queequeg’s ambitious soul, lurked a strong desire to see something more of Christendom than a specimen whaler or two.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  6. (古舊) 布，破布；一片皮革
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    • Template:RQ:Shakespeare King John
    • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet
    • 1743, Robert Drury, The Pleasant, and Surprizing Adventures of Mr. Robert Drury, during his Fifteen Years Captivity on the Island of Madagascar‎[4], London，第 74 頁:
      We condol’d with each other, and observ’d how wretchedly we look’d, all naked, except a small Clout about our Middles […]
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 1980, Colin Thubron, Seafarers: The Venetians，第 33 頁:
      The Byzantines, wrote Robert of Clari, hooted and jeered from the battlements, "and let down their clouts and showed them their backsides."
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  7. (古舊) 垫片 （装在轴承等物上防止磨损的铁片）
    • 1866, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, 第 1 卷，第 546 頁:
      Clouts were thin and flat pieces of iron, used it appears to strengthen the box of the wheel; perhaps also for nailing on such other parts of the cart as were particularly exposed to wear.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  8. 大帽钉
    近義詞：clout nail
  9. (棄用) 一片，碎片
衍生词汇
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动词

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clout (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 clouts，現在分詞 clouting，一般過去時及過去分詞 clouted)

  1. 打，（尤指）拳打
    • 1997, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 出版於 1998，第 57 頁:
      A wizard? Him? How could he possibly be? He'd spent his life being clouted by Dudley, and bullied by Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon; if he was really a wizard, why hadn't they been turned into warty toads every time they'd tried to lock him in his cupboard?
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  2. 用布、皮革等盖；用该等物品修补
    • 1549, Hugh Latimer, “[The Second Sermon of Master Hugh Latimer, which He Preached before the King’s Majesty, within His Grace’s Palace at Westminster, the Fifteenth Day of March, 1549.] To the Reader.”, 出自 George Elwes Corrie 編, Sermons by Hugh Latimer, Sometime Bishop of Worcester, Martyr, 1555 (The Works of Hugh Latimer; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] University Press, 出版於 1844, →OCLC，第 110 頁:
      Paul, yea, and Peter, too, had more skill in mending an old net, and in clouting an old tent than to teach lawyers what diligence they should use in the expedition of matters.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
      The spelling has been modernized.
  3. 给...打钉
  4. 用垫片保护
  5. 简单，粗略地接合，修补

词源 2

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动词

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clout (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 clouts，現在分詞 clouting，一般過去時及過去分詞 clouted)

  1. clot的過時形式。
    • 1948, The Essex Review:
      He tells us how to butter eggs, boil eels, clout cream, stew capons, how to make a fine cake, an almond pudding and a raspberry conserve, […]
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

参考资料

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  1. ↑ “clout”，Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary，Springfield, Mass.：G. & C. Merriam，1913年，OCLC 800618302
  2. ↑ “clout” in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.

中古英语

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词源 1

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源自古英語 clūt，源自原始西日耳曼語 *klūt，源自原始日耳曼語 *klūtaz。对比cloud。

其他形式

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发音

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名词

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clout (复数 cloutes)

  1. 一小块布，破布
    1. 补丁
    2. 绷带
    3. 碎布
  2. 更大的布
    1. 破烂的衣服
    2. 包裹婴儿用的布，襁褓
    3. 裹尸布
  3. 垫片，一小块金属板
  4. 碎片
  5. 一击，一打
相关词汇
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派生語彙
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  • 英語: clout
  • 低地蘇格蘭語: clout, cloot
参考资料
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词源 2

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动词

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clout

  1. clouten的另一種寫法
来自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=clout&oldid=8462556”