STAT1

STAT1
已知的結構
PDB	直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
PDBID列表
	3WWT、1BF5、1YVL、2KA6
識別號
别名	STAT1；, CANDF7, IMD31A, IMD31B, IMD31C, ISGF-3, STAT91, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
外部ID	OMIM：600555 MGI：103063 HomoloGene：21428 GeneCards：STAT1
相關疾病
	慢性黏膜皮膚念珠菌病、susceptibility to viral and mycobacterial infections
基因位置（人类）
染色体	2號染色體
终止	191,020,960 bp
基因位置（小鼠）
染色体	小鼠1号染色体
终止	52,201,024 bp
RNA表达模式
	查阅更多表达数据
基因本體
分子功能	• DNA结合; • protein homodimerization activity; • DNA结合转录因子活性; • RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity; • signal transducer activity; • RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; • 血浆蛋白结合; • 相同蛋白质结合; • 酶结合; • tumor necrosis factor receptor binding; • double-stranded DNA binding; • RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding; • cadherin binding; • histone acetyltransferase binding; • histone binding; • ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding; • promoter-specific chromatin binding; • sequence-specific DNA binding; • DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; • transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding; • CCR5 chemokine receptor binding; • protein phosphatase 2A binding; • DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific;
細胞組分	• 細胞質; • 核质; • 核仁; • 细胞质的核周区域; • 细胞核; • 细胞质基质; • 轴突; • 树突; • 大分子复合体;
生物學過程	• regulation of apoptotic process; • metanephric mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in metanephros development; • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; • cellular response to interferon-beta; • regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; • negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis; • metanephric mesenchymal cell differentiation; • tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway; • negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; • renal tubule development; • response to interferon-beta; • negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; • transcription, DNA-templated; • negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; • regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway; • regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway; • positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation; • negative regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation; • negative regulation of angiogenesis; • negative regulation by virus of viral protein levels in host cell; • viral process; • endothelial cell migration; • positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; • 訊息傳遞; • macrophage derived foam cell differentiation; • positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation; • type I interferon signaling pathway; • cellular response to interferon-gamma; • positive regulation of defense response to virus by host; • positive regulation of interferon-alpha production; • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; • defense response to virus; • interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway; • receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT; • response to nutrient; • blood circulation; • positive regulation of cell population proliferation; • response to mechanical stimulus; • response to organic cyclic compound; • cellular response to insulin stimulus; • response to cytokine; • response to hydrogen peroxide; • response to peptide hormone; • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; • response to cAMP; • positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process; • cellular response to cytokine stimulus; • cellular response to organic cyclic compound; • positive regulation of transcription of Notch receptor target; • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; • interleukin-21-mediated signaling pathway; • interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway; • interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway; • interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway; • interleukin-9-mediated signaling pathway; • defense response; • regulation of cell population proliferation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
	6772
	20846
	ENSG00000115415
	ENSMUSG00000026104
	P42224
	P42225
	NM_007315; NM_139266
	NM_001205313; NM_001205314; NM_009283; NM_001357627
	NP_009330; NP_644671
	无数据
	維基數據
檢視/編輯人類	檢視/編輯小鼠

STAT1是转录因子中信号转导及转录激活蛋白（STAT蛋白）家族的一员。

STAT1涉及I型、II型或III型干扰素激活基因的正调控。在干扰素-γ刺激下，STAT1会组成同源二聚体或与STAT3组成异二聚体结合到GAS（Interferon-Gamma-Activated Sequence，干扰素γ激活序列）启动子上；而在干扰素-α或干扰素-β刺激下，STAT1会与STAT2组成异二聚体结合到ISRE（Interferon-Stimulated Response Element，干扰素激活反应元件）启动子上^[6]。在这两种情况下，STAT二聚体与启动子的结合都会导致ISG（Interferon-Stimulated Genes，干扰素激活基因）的表达。

STAT1可由二烯丙基二硫诱导表达^[7]

相互作用

STAT1能与下列蛋白质发生相互作用：

蛋白激酶R（英语：Protein kinase R）^[8]^[9]
Src^[10]^[11]
IRF1^[12]
STAT3^[13]^[14]^[15]
MCM5^[16]^[17]
STAT2^[18]^[19]^[20]
CD117^[21]
Fanconi anemia, complementation group C^[22]^[23]^[24]
CREB结合蛋白（英语：CREB-binding protein）^[25]
白介素27受体α亚基（英语：Interleukin 27 receptor, alpha subunit）^[26]
PIAS1^[27]
BRCA1^[28]
表皮生长因子受体^[10]^[15]
PTK2^[29]
Mammalian target of rapamycin^[30]
IFNAR2^[31]^[32]
PRKCD^[30]
TRADD^[33]
C-jun^[34]
Calcitriol receptor^[35]
ISGF3G^[36]
GNB2L1^[32]^[37]

参考文献

^ 與STAT1相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115415 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026104 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Michael G. Katze; Yupeng He & Michael Gale; et al. Viruses and interferon: a fight for supremacy. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2002, 2 (9): 675–87. PMID 12209136. doi:10.1038/nri888.
^ Lu HF, Yang JS, Lin YT, Tan TW, Ip SW, Li YC, Tsou MF, Chung JG. Diallyl disulfide induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 expression in human colon cancer colo 205 cells using differential display RT-PCR. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2007, 4 (2): 93–7. PMID 17804871.
^ Wong, A H; Tam N W, Yang Y L, Cuddihy A R, Li S, Kirchhoff S, Hauser H, Decker T, Koromilas A E. Physical association between STAT1 and the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR and implications for interferon and double-stranded RNA signaling pathways. EMBO J. (ENGLAND). March 1997, 16 (6): 1291–304. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1169727 . PMID 9135145. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.6.1291.
^ Wong, A H; Durbin J E, Li S, Dever T E, Decker T, Koromilas A E. Enhanced antiviral and antiproliferative properties of a STAT1 mutant unable to interact with the protein kinase PKR. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). April 2001, 276 (17): 13727–37. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11278865. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011240200.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 Olayioye, M A; Beuvink I, Horsch K, Daly J M, Hynes N E. ErbB receptor-induced activation of stat transcription factors is mediated by Src tyrosine kinases. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). June 1999, 274 (24): 17209–18. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10358079. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.24.17209.
^ Cirri, P; Chiarugi P, Marra F, Raugei G, Camici G, Manao G, Ramponi G. c-Src activates both STAT1 and STAT3 in PDGF-stimulated NIH3T3 cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States). October 1997, 239 (2): 493–7. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 9344858. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7493.
^ Chatterjee-Kishore, M; van Den Akker F, Stark G R. Adenovirus E1A down-regulates LMP2 transcription by interfering with the binding of stat1 to IRF1. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). July 2000, 275 (27): 20406–11. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10764778. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001861200.
^ Gunaje, J J; Bhat G J. Involvement of tyrosine phosphatase PTP1D in the inhibition of interleukin-6-induced Stat3 signaling by alpha-thrombin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States). October 2001, 288 (1): 252–7. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 11863781. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5759.
^ Spiekermann, K; Biethahn S, Wilde S, Hiddemann W, Alves F. Constitutive activation of STAT transcription factors in acute myelogenous leukemia. Eur. J. Haematol. (Denmark). August 2001, 67 (2): 63–71. ISSN 0902-4441. PMID 11722592.
^ ^15.0 ^15.1 Xia, Ling; Wang Lijuan, Chung Alicia S, Ivanov Stanimir S, Ling Mike Y, Dragoi Ana M, Platt Adam, Gilmer Tona M, Fu Xin-Yuan, Chin Y Eugene. Identification of both positive and negative domains within the epidermal growth factor receptor COOH-terminal region for signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). August 2002, 277 (34): 30716–23. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12070153. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202823200.
^ Zhang, J J; Zhao Y, Chait B T, Lathem W W, Ritzi M, Knippers R, Darnell J E. Ser727-dependent recruitment of MCM5 by Stat1alpha in IFN-gamma-induced transcriptional activation. EMBO J. (ENGLAND). Dec 1998, 17 (23): 6963–71. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1171044 . PMID 9843502. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.23.6963.
^ DaFonseca, C J; Shu F, Zhang J J. Identification of two residues in MCM5 critical for the assembly of MCM complexes and Stat1-mediated transcription activation in response to IFN-gamma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States). March 2001, 98 (6): 3034–9. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 30602 . PMID 11248027. doi:10.1073/pnas.061487598.
^ Li, X; Leung S, Qureshi S, Darnell J E, Stark G R. Formation of STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers and their role in the activation of IRF-1 gene transcription by interferon-alpha. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). March 1996, 271 (10): 5790–4. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8621447. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.10.5790.
^ Dumler, I; Kopmann A, Wagner K, Mayboroda O A, Jerke U, Dietz R, Haller H, Gulba D C. Urokinase induces activation and formation of Stat4 and Stat1-Stat2 complexes in human vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). August 1999, 274 (34): 24059–65. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10446176. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.34.24059.
^ Fagerlund, Riku; Mélen Krister, Kinnunen Leena, Julkunen Ilkka. Arginine/lysine-rich nuclear localization signals mediate interactions between dimeric STATs and importin alpha 5. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). August 2002, 277 (33): 30072–8. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12048190. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202943200.
^ Deberry, C; Mou S, Linnekin D. Stat1 associates with c-kit and is activated in response to stem cell factor. Biochem. J. (ENGLAND). October 1997, 327 (1): 73–80. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1218765 . PMID 9355737.
^ Pang, Q; Fagerlie S, Christianson T A, Keeble W, Faulkner G, Diaz J, Rathbun R K, Bagby G C. The Fanconi anemia protein FANCC binds to and facilitates the activation of STAT1 by gamma interferon and hematopoietic growth factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). July 2000, 20 (13): 4724–35. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 85895 . PMID 10848598. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.13.4724-4735.2000.
^ Reuter, Tanja Y; Medhurst Annette L, Waisfisz Quinten, Zhi Yu, Herterich Sabine, Hoehn Holger, Gross Hans J, Joenje Hans, Hoatlin Maureen E, Mathew Christopher G, Huber Pia A J. Yeast two-hybrid screens imply involvement of Fanconi anemia proteins in transcription regulation, cell signaling, oxidative metabolism, and cellular transport. Exp. Cell Res. (United States). October 2003, 289 (2): 211–21. ISSN 0014-4827. PMID 14499622. doi:10.1016/S0014-4827(03)00261-1.
^ Pang, Q; Christianson T A, Keeble W, Diaz J, Faulkner G R, Reifsteck C, Olson S, Bagby G C. The Fanconi anemia complementation group C gene product: structural evidence of multifunctionality. Blood (United States). September 2001, 98 (5): 1392–401. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 11520787. doi:10.1182/blood.V98.5.1392.
^ Zhang, J J; Vinkemeier U, Gu W, Chakravarti D, Horvath C M, Darnell J E. Two contact regions between Stat1 and CBP/p300 in interferon gamma signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States). Dec 1996, 93 (26): 15092–6. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 26361 . PMID 8986769. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15092.
^ Takeda, Atsunobu; Hamano Shinjiro, Yamanaka Atsushi, Hanada Toshikatsu, Ishibashi Tatsuro, Mak Tak W, Yoshimura Akihiko, Yoshida Hiroki. Cutting edge: role of IL-27/WSX-1 signaling for induction of T-bet through activation of STAT1 during initial Th1 commitment. J. Immunol. (United States). May 2003, 170 (10): 4886–90. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 12734330.
^ Liao, J; Fu Y, Shuai K. Distinct roles of the NH2- and COOH-terminal domains of the protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 (PIAS1) in cytokine-induced PIAS1-Stat1 interaction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States). May 2000, 97 (10): 5267–72. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 25817 . PMID 10805787. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.10.5267.
^ Ouchi, T; Lee S W, Ouchi M, Aaronson S A, Horvath C M. Collaboration of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and BRCA1 in differential regulation of IFN-gamma target genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States). May 2000, 97 (10): 5208–13. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 25807 . PMID 10792030. doi:10.1073/pnas.080469697.
^ Xie, B; Zhao J, Kitagawa M, Durbin J, Madri J A, Guan J L, Fu X Y. Focal adhesion kinase activates Stat1 in integrin-mediated cell migration and adhesion. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). June 2001, 276 (22): 19512–23. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11278462. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009063200.
^ ^30.0 ^30.1 Kristof, Arnold S; Marks-Konczalik Joanna, Billings Eric, Moss Joel. Stimulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1)-dependent gene transcription by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma is regulated by mammalian target of rapamycin. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). September 2003, 278 (36): 33637–44. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12807916. doi:10.1074/jbc.M301053200.
^ Li, X; Leung S, Kerr I M, Stark G R. Functional subdomains of STAT2 required for preassociation with the alpha interferon receptor and for signaling. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). April 1997, 17 (4): 2048–56. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 232052 . PMID 9121453.
^ ^32.0 ^32.1 Usacheva, A; Smith R, Minshall R, Baida G, Seng S, Croze E, Colamonici O. The WD motif-containing protein receptor for activated protein kinase C (RACK1) is required for recruitment and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 through the type I interferon receptor. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). June 2001, 276 (25): 22948–53. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11301323. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100087200.
^ Wang, Y; Wu T R, Cai S, Welte T, Chin Y E. Stat1 as a component of tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1-TRADD signaling complex to inhibit NF-kappaB activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). July 2000, 20 (13): 4505–12. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 85828 . PMID 10848577. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.13.4505-4512.2000.
^ Zhang, X; Wrzeszczynska M H, Horvath C M, Darnell J E. Interacting regions in Stat3 and c-Jun that participate in cooperative transcriptional activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). October 1999, 19 (10): 7138–46. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 84707 . PMID 10490649.
^ Vidal, Marcos; Ramana Chilakamarti V, Dusso Adriana S. Stat1-vitamin D receptor interactions antagonize 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D transcriptional activity and enhance stat1-mediated transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). April 2002, 22 (8): 2777–87. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 133712 . PMID 11909970. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.8.2777-2787.2002.
^ Horvath, C M; Stark G R, Kerr I M, Darnell J E. Interactions between STAT and non-STAT proteins in the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 transcription complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). Dec 1996, 16 (12): 6957–64. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 231699 . PMID 8943351.
^ Usacheva, Anna; Tian Xinyong, Sandoval Raudel, Salvi Debra, Levy David, Colamonici Oscar R. The WD motif-containing protein RACK-1 functions as a scaffold protein within the type I IFN receptor-signaling complex. J. Immunol. (United States). September 2003, 171 (6): 2989–94. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 12960323.

延伸阅读

Cebulla CM, Miller DM, Sedmak DD. Viral inhibition of interferon signal transduction. Intervirology. 2000, 42 (5–6): 325–30. PMID 10702714. doi:10.1159/000053968.
Kisseleva T, Bhattacharya S, Braunstein J, Schindler CW. Signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway, recent advances and future challenges. Gene. 2002, 285 (1–2): 1–24. PMID 12039028. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00398-0.
Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D. Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection. Curr. HIV Res. 2005, 3 (1): 87–94. PMID 15638726. doi:10.2174/1570162052773013.

外部链接

FactorBook STAT1

[1] 與STAT1相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115415 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026104 - Ensembl, May 2017

[4] Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[6] Michael G. Katze; Yupeng He & Michael Gale; et al. Viruses and interferon: a fight for supremacy. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2002, 2 (9): 675–87. PMID 12209136. doi:10.1038/nri888.

[7] Lu HF, Yang JS, Lin YT, Tan TW, Ip SW, Li YC, Tsou MF, Chung JG. Diallyl disulfide induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 expression in human colon cancer colo 205 cells using differential display RT-PCR. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2007, 4 (2): 93–7. PMID 17804871.

[pmid9135145-8] Wong, A H; Tam N W, Yang Y L, Cuddihy A R, Li S, Kirchhoff S, Hauser H, Decker T, Koromilas A E. Physical association between STAT1 and the interferon-inducible protein kinase PKR and implications for interferon and double-stranded RNA signaling pathways. EMBO J. (ENGLAND). March 1997, 16 (6): 1291–304. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1169727 . PMID 9135145. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.6.1291.

[pmid11278865-9] Wong, A H; Durbin J E, Li S, Dever T E, Decker T, Koromilas A E. Enhanced antiviral and antiproliferative properties of a STAT1 mutant unable to interact with the protein kinase PKR. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). April 2001, 276 (17): 13727–37. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11278865. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011240200.

[pmid10358079-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Olayioye, M A; Beuvink I, Horsch K, Daly J M, Hynes N E. ErbB receptor-induced activation of stat transcription factors is mediated by Src tyrosine kinases. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). June 1999, 274 (24): 17209–18. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10358079. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.24.17209.

[pmid9344858-11] Cirri, P; Chiarugi P, Marra F, Raugei G, Camici G, Manao G, Ramponi G. c-Src activates both STAT1 and STAT3 in PDGF-stimulated NIH3T3 cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States). October 1997, 239 (2): 493–7. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 9344858. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7493.

[pmid10764778-12] Chatterjee-Kishore, M; van Den Akker F, Stark G R. Adenovirus E1A down-regulates LMP2 transcription by interfering with the binding of stat1 to IRF1. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). July 2000, 275 (27): 20406–11. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10764778. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001861200.

[pmid11863781-13] Gunaje, J J; Bhat G J. Involvement of tyrosine phosphatase PTP1D in the inhibition of interleukin-6-induced Stat3 signaling by alpha-thrombin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States). October 2001, 288 (1): 252–7. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 11863781. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5759.

[pmid11722592-14] Spiekermann, K; Biethahn S, Wilde S, Hiddemann W, Alves F. Constitutive activation of STAT transcription factors in acute myelogenous leukemia. Eur. J. Haematol. (Denmark). August 2001, 67 (2): 63–71. ISSN 0902-4441. PMID 11722592.

[pmid12070153-15] 15.0 ^15.1 Xia, Ling; Wang Lijuan, Chung Alicia S, Ivanov Stanimir S, Ling Mike Y, Dragoi Ana M, Platt Adam, Gilmer Tona M, Fu Xin-Yuan, Chin Y Eugene. Identification of both positive and negative domains within the epidermal growth factor receptor COOH-terminal region for signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). August 2002, 277 (34): 30716–23. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12070153. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202823200.

[pmid9843502-16] Zhang, J J; Zhao Y, Chait B T, Lathem W W, Ritzi M, Knippers R, Darnell J E. Ser727-dependent recruitment of MCM5 by Stat1alpha in IFN-gamma-induced transcriptional activation. EMBO J. (ENGLAND). Dec 1998, 17 (23): 6963–71. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1171044 . PMID 9843502. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.23.6963.

[pmid11248027-17] DaFonseca, C J; Shu F, Zhang J J. Identification of two residues in MCM5 critical for the assembly of MCM complexes and Stat1-mediated transcription activation in response to IFN-gamma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States). March 2001, 98 (6): 3034–9. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 30602 . PMID 11248027. doi:10.1073/pnas.061487598.

[pmid8621447-18] Li, X; Leung S, Qureshi S, Darnell J E, Stark G R. Formation of STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers and their role in the activation of IRF-1 gene transcription by interferon-alpha. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). March 1996, 271 (10): 5790–4. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8621447. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.10.5790.

[pmid10446176-19] Dumler, I; Kopmann A, Wagner K, Mayboroda O A, Jerke U, Dietz R, Haller H, Gulba D C. Urokinase induces activation and formation of Stat4 and Stat1-Stat2 complexes in human vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). August 1999, 274 (34): 24059–65. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10446176. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.34.24059.

[pmid12048190-20] Fagerlund, Riku; Mélen Krister, Kinnunen Leena, Julkunen Ilkka. Arginine/lysine-rich nuclear localization signals mediate interactions between dimeric STATs and importin alpha 5. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). August 2002, 277 (33): 30072–8. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12048190. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202943200.

[pmid9355737-21] Deberry, C; Mou S, Linnekin D. Stat1 associates with c-kit and is activated in response to stem cell factor. Biochem. J. (ENGLAND). October 1997, 327 (1): 73–80. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1218765 . PMID 9355737.

[pmid10848598-22] Pang, Q; Fagerlie S, Christianson T A, Keeble W, Faulkner G, Diaz J, Rathbun R K, Bagby G C. The Fanconi anemia protein FANCC binds to and facilitates the activation of STAT1 by gamma interferon and hematopoietic growth factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States). July 2000, 20 (13): 4724–35. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 85895 . PMID 10848598. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.13.4724-4735.2000.

[pmid14499622-23] Reuter, Tanja Y; Medhurst Annette L, Waisfisz Quinten, Zhi Yu, Herterich Sabine, Hoehn Holger, Gross Hans J, Joenje Hans, Hoatlin Maureen E, Mathew Christopher G, Huber Pia A J. Yeast two-hybrid screens imply involvement of Fanconi anemia proteins in transcription regulation, cell signaling, oxidative metabolism, and cellular transport. Exp. Cell Res. (United States). October 2003, 289 (2): 211–21. ISSN 0014-4827. PMID 14499622. doi:10.1016/S0014-4827(03)00261-1.

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