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无LGBT区

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维基百科,自由的百科全书
圖中以紅色標識的波蘭在2020年1月前均已通過反LGBT決議。[1] 目前大部分決議已被廢除。
圖中以紅色標識的波蘭為目前仍維持反LGBT決議的地區。[2][3]

無LGBT區波蘭語Strefy wolne od LGBT / 英語:LGBT-free Zones[4][5][6][7][8][9]波蘭通過決議宣佈不歡迎LGBT權益的市鎮和地區,[10][11] 它們以法規禁止平權遊行英语Equality marches in Poland及其他任何形式的LGBT活動。[4][12][13] 截至2020年6月,波蘭約有100個城市與5個(約佔波蘭國土面積三分之一)通過了所謂的“無LGBT區”決議。[1][14] 不過截至2023年10月,這些決議中的絕大部分已經撤回。[3]

大多數“無LGBT區”決議都是由極端保守派、天主教組織法律秩序英语Ordo Iuris遊說而通過。[15]

事件背景

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建立聲明

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輿論對抗

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示威活動

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後果影響

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反響批評

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相關條目

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參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Claudia Ciobanu. A Third of Poland Declared ‘LGBT-free Zone’. 巴爾幹觀察英语Balkan Insight. Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. 2020-02-25 [2023-11-11].巴爾幹觀察英语-{Balkan Insight}-&rft_id=https://balkaninsight.com/2020/02/25/a-third-of-poland-declared-lgbt-free-zone/&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal" class="Z3988"> 
  2. ^ Luke Hurst. Atlas of Hate: Activists nominated for award for tracking ‘LGBT-free zones’ in Poland. 歐洲新聞台. 2020-09-29 [2023-11-11]. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Jakub Gawron. Atlas nienawiści (Atlas of Hate). Marsz Równości w Rzeszowie. [2023-11-11]. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 EU Parliament slams "LGBTI-free" zones in Poland. 德國之聲. 2019-12-28 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-17). 
  5. ^ Una Hajdari. The Demagogue’s Cocktail of Victimhood and Strength. 大西洋月刊. 2019-12-31 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-08). 
  6. ^ Activist aims to shame Polish towns opposed to LGBT community. 路透社. 2020-02-08 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-28). 
  7. ^ Emma Powys Maurice. A third of Poland has now been declared an ‘LGBT-free zone’, making intolerance official. PinkNews英语PinkNews. 2020-02-05 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-03).PinkNews英语-{PinkNews}-&rft_id=https://www.thepinknews.com/2020/02/25/third-of-poland-lgbt-free-zone-atlas-of-hate-homophobia/&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book" class="Z3988"> 
  8. ^ Activist fights homophobia in Poland with photo series of 'LGBT-free' zones. CBC廣播電台英语CBC Radio. 2020-02-13 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-08).CBC廣播電台英语-{CBC Radio}-&rft_id=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/as-it-happens-monday-edition-1.5458268/activist-fights-homophobia-in-poland-with-photo-series-of-lgbt-free-zones-1.5458271&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book" class="Z3988"> 
  9. ^ Muri Assunção. Outrage over ‘LGBTQ-free zone’ stickers distributed by Polish magazine. 紐約每日新聞. 2019-07-25 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-11). 
  10. ^ Urząd Marszałkowski Województwa Małopolskiego. Małopolskiego Regionalnego Programu Operacyjnego. [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-09-29). 
  11. ^ Rob Picheta; Ivana Kottasová. ‘You don’t belong here’ - In Poland’s ‘LGBT-free zones,’ existing is an act of defiance. CNN. [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-10). 
  12. ^ Tim Hume. More Than 80 Polish Towns Have Declared Themselves 'LGBTQ-Free Zones'. Vice新聞. [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-11). 
  13. ^ Parliament strongly condemns ‘‘LGBTI-free zones’’ in Poland. 歐洲議會. 2019-12-18 [2023-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-02). 
  14. ^ Monika Pronczuk. Polish Towns That Declared Themselves ‘L.G.B.T. Free’ Are Denied E.U. Funds. 紐約時報. 2021-04-24 [2023-11-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-31). 
  15. ^ “This Is War”: The Story Behind Poland’s Bid to Ban Abortion Today. 轉型在線英语Transitions Online. 2020-04-14 [2023-11-12]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-13).轉型在線英语-{Transitions Online}-&rft_id=https://tol.org/client/article/28842-this-is-war-the-story-behind-polands-bid-to-ban-abortion-today.html&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book" class="Z3988"> 

延伸閱讀

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  • Tomasz Knecht. The idea of partner cities toward selected local government resolutions in Poland in the years 2019–2020. Rocznik Europeistyczny. 2020-09-04, 5: 123–141. doi:10.19195/2450-274X.5.8. 

外部連接

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