钡的同位素
钡（原子量：137.327(7)）在自然界中有7种同位素，其中6个同位素稳定，剩下的130Ba则有微弱的放射性。除了130Ba以外，钡还有33种人造放射性同位素。
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| 标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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图表
编辑| 符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量（u） [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3] |
衰变 方式[3] |
衰变 产物 [n 4][n 5] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 （莫耳分率）[n 2] |
相对丰度 的变化量 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激发能量[n 2] | |||||||||
| 114Ba | 56 | 58 | 113.95068(15) | 530(230) ms [0.43( 30−15) s] |
β , p (99.59%) | 113Xe | 0 | ||
| α (.37%) | 110Xe | ||||||||
| β (.04%) | 114Cs | ||||||||
| CD (<.0034%)[n 6] | 102Sn, 12 C | ||||||||
| 115Ba | 56 | 59 | 114.94737(64)# | 0.45(5) s | β | 115Cs | (5/2 )# | ||
| β , p | 114Xe | ||||||||
| 116Ba | 56 | 60 | 115.94138(43)# | 1.3(2) s | β | 116Cs | 0 | ||
| β , p | 115Xe | ||||||||
| 117Ba | 56 | 61 | 116.93850(32)# | 1.75(7) s | β | 117Cs | (3/2)( #) | ||
| β , α | 113I | ||||||||
| β , p | 116Xe | ||||||||
| 118Ba | 56 | 62 | 117.93304(21)# | 5.2(2) s | β | 118Cs | 0 | ||
| β , p | 117Xe | ||||||||
| 119Ba | 56 | 63 | 118.93066(21) | 5.4(3) s | β | 119Cs | (5/2 ) | ||
| β , p | 118Xe | ||||||||
| 120Ba | 56 | 64 | 119.92604(32) | 24(2) s | β | 120Cs | 0 | ||
| 121Ba | 56 | 65 | 120.92405(15) | 29.7(15) s | β (99.98%) | 121Cs | 5/2( ) | ||
| β , p (.02%) | 120Xe | ||||||||
| 122Ba | 56 | 66 | 121.91990(3) | 1.95(15) min | β | 122Cs | 0 | ||
| 123Ba | 56 | 67 | 122.918781(13) | 2.7(4) min | β | 123Cs | 5/2( ) | ||
| 124Ba | 56 | 68 | 123.915094(13) | 11.0(5) min | β | 124Cs | 0 | ||
| 125Ba | 56 | 69 | 124.914473(12) | 3.5(4) min | β | 125Cs | 1/2( #) | ||
| 126Ba | 56 | 70 | 125.911250(13) | 100(2) min | β | 126Cs | 0 | ||
| 127Ba | 56 | 71 | 126.911094(12) | 12.7(4) min | β | 127Cs | 1/2 | ||
| 127mBa | 80.33(12) keV | 1.9(2) s | IT | 127Ba | 7/2− | ||||
| 128Ba | 56 | 72 | 127.908318(11) | 2.43(5) d | β | 128Cs | 0 | ||
| 129Ba | 56 | 73 | 128.908679(12) | 2.23(11) h | β | 129Cs | 1/2 | ||
| 129mBa | 8.42(6) keV | 2.16(2) h | β | 129Cs | 7/2 # | ||||
| IT | 129Ba | ||||||||
| 130Ba[n 7] | 56 | 74 | 129.9063208(30) | 1.6(±1.1)×1021 yrs | DEC | 130Xe | 0 | 0.00106(1) | |
| 130mBa | 2475.12(18) keV | 9.54(14) ms | IT | 130Ba | 8− | ||||
| 131Ba | 56 | 75 | 130.906941(3) | 11.50(6) d | β | 131Cs | 1/2 | ||
| 131mBa | 187.14(12) keV | 14.6(2) min | IT | 131Ba | 9/2− | ||||
| 132Ba | 56 | 76 | 131.9050613(11) | 观测上稳定[n 8] | 0 | 0.00101(1) | |||
| 133Ba | 56 | 77 | 132.9060075(11) | 10.51(5) yrs | ε | 133Cs | 1/2 | ||
| 133mBa | 288.247(9) keV | 38.9(1) h | IT (99.99%) | 133Ba | 11/2− | ||||
| ε (.0096%) | 133Cs | ||||||||
| 134Ba | 56 | 78 | 133.9045084(4) | 稳定 | 0 | 0.02417(18) | |||
| 135Ba | 56 | 79 | 134.9056886(4) | 稳定 | 3/2 | 0.06592(12) | |||
| 135mBa | 268.22(2) keV | 28.7(2) h | IT | 135Ba | 11/2− | ||||
| 136Ba | 56 | 80 | 135.9045759(4) | 稳定 | 0 | 0.07854(24) | |||
| 136mBa | 2030.466(18) keV | 308.4(19) ms | IT | 136Ba | 7− | ||||
| 137Ba | 56 | 81 | 136.9058274(5) | 稳定 | 3/2 | 0.11232(24) | |||
| 137m1Ba | 661.659(3) keV | 2.552(1) min | IT | 137Ba | 11/2− | ||||
| 137m2Ba | 2349.1(4) keV | 0.59(10) µs | (17/2−) | ||||||
| 138Ba[n 9] | 56 | 82 | 137.9052472(5) | 稳定 | 0 | 0.71698(42) | |||
| 138mBa | 2090.54(6) keV | 800(100) ns | 6 | ||||||
| 139Ba[n 9] | 56 | 83 | 138.9088413(5) | 83.06(28) min | β− | 139La | 7/2− | ||
| 140Ba[n 9] | 56 | 84 | 139.910605(9) | 12.752(3) d | β− | 140La | 0 | ||
| 141Ba[n 9] | 56 | 85 | 140.914411(9) | 18.27(7) min | β− | 141La | 3/2− | ||
| 142Ba[n 9] | 56 | 86 | 141.916453(7) | 10.6(2) min | β− | 142La | 0 | ||
| 143Ba[n 9] | 56 | 87 | 142.920627(14) | 14.5(3) s | β− | 143La | 5/2− | ||
| 144Ba[n 9] | 56 | 88 | 143.922953(14) | 11.5(2) s | β− | 144La | 0 | ||
| 145Ba | 56 | 89 | 144.92763(8) | 4.31(16) s | β− | 145La | 5/2− | ||
| 146Ba | 56 | 90 | 145.93022(8) | 2.22(7) s | β− (99.98%) | 146La | 0 | ||
| β−, n (.02%) | 145La | ||||||||
| 147Ba | 56 | 91 | 146.93495(22)# | 0.893(1) s | β− (99.94%) | 147La | (3/2 ) | ||
| β−, n (.06%) | 146La | ||||||||
| 148Ba | 56 | 92 | 147.93772(9) | 0.612(17) s | β− (99.6%) | 148La | 0 | ||
| β−, n (.4%) | 147La | ||||||||
| 149Ba | 56 | 93 | 148.94258(21)# | 344(7) ms | β− (99.57%) | 149La | 3/2−# | ||
| β−, n (.43%) | 148La | ||||||||
| 150Ba | 56 | 94 | 149.94568(43)# | 300 ms | β− | 150La | 0 | ||
| β−, n （不常见） | 149La | ||||||||
| 151Ba | 56 | 95 | 150.95081(43)# | 200# ms [>300 ns] | β− | 151La | 3/2−# | ||
| 152Ba | 56 | 96 | 151.95427(54)# | 100# ms | β− | 152La | 0 | ||
| 153Ba | 56 | 97 | 152.95961(86)# | 80# ms | β− | 153La | 5/2−# | ||
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的同位素以粗体表示。
- ^ 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的衰变产物以粗斜体表示。
- ^ Cluster decay is predicted but had never been observed.
- ^ Primordial radioisotope
- ^ Believed to undergo β β decay to 132Xe with a half-life over 300×1018 years
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 裂变产物
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 铯的同位素 | 钡的同位素 | 镧的同位素 |
参考文献
编辑- ^ Pujol, Magali; Marty, Bernard; Burnard, Pete; Philippot, Pascal. Xenon in Archean barite: Weak decay of 130Ba, mass-dependent isotopic fractionation and implication for barite formation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2009, 73 (22): 6834–6846. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.08.002.
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-19]. （原始内容
存档于2017-02-19）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.