遺傳學中心法則
閱讀設定
遺傳學入面嘅中心法則,有時會講成係DNA整RNA,RNA整蛋白質。但係呢個唔係佢原本嘅意思。佢原本係由法蘭西斯·卡里卡喺1958年提出[1],然後喺1970年,喺自然期刊入面重申嘅法則[2]。佢話:
「 | The Central Dogma. This states that once "information" has passed into protein it cannot get out again. In more detail, the transfer of information from nucleic acid to nucleic acid, or from nucleic acid to protein may be possible, but transfer from protein to protein, or from protein to nucleic acid is impossible. Information means here the precise determination of sequence, either of bases in the nucleic acid or of amino acid residues in the protein.
中心法則呢樣指出,一旦「資訊」變咗蛋白質,就無得返轉頭。仔細啲咁講,就係資訊剩係可以由核酸轉做核酸,或者由核酸轉做蛋白質。但係蛋白質轉做核酸或者蛋白質轉做蛋白質係唔得嘅。呢到嘅「資訊」,係講緊核酸入面核鹼基,或者蛋白質入面氨基酸嘅準確排序。
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遺傳信息嘅傳遞方法
[編輯]DNA複製
[編輯]内文:DNA複製
如果任何細胞要畀遺傳物質佢哋嘅後代,咁DNA就需要複製自己。要複製自己,就要靠複製體幫手。複製體首先會將雙鏈嘅DNA解開做兩條單鏈。每條單鏈會合返做新嘅互補DNA序列。最後就會得到兩條新嘅雙鏈DNA序列,佢哋係同原本嘅雙鏈DNA序列一模一樣。
轉錄
[編輯]内文:轉錄
轉譯
[編輯]内文:轉譯
轉譯係指當DNA喺細胞核入面轉錄咗做RNA之後,細胞質或者內質網入面嘅核糖體就會整蛋白質。
攷
[編輯]- ↑ Cobb, Matthew (2017-09-18). "60 years ago, Francis Crick changed the logic of biology". PLoS Biology. 15 (9). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2003243. ISSN 1544-9173. PMC 5602739. PMID 28922352.
- ↑ ""On protein synthesis"". Wellcome Library (英文). 喺2021-02-11搵到.