Jawi
Jawi sī 1 chióng ēng lâi siá Malay-gí ê Arabic jī-bó. I sī Brunei 2 chióng koaⁿ-hong bûn-jī ê 1 chióng. Tī Má-lâi-se-a, Hui-li̍p-pin, Indonesia, Thài-kok lâm-pō͘ ê Patani, kap Sin-ka-pho lóng ū leh ēng, te̍k-pia̍t sī chong-kaù hong-bīn.
Siāu-kài
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]Jawi jī-bó tī Malay sè-kài (Nusantara) ēng kúi-nā pah tang a. I kap Islam kāng-chê hoat-tián. Tû-liáu goân-té ê Arabic jī-bó, i mā ū chi̍t-koá choan-kang hō͘ Jawi ēng ê jī-bó.
Jawi jī-bó chin chá tō ēng lâi siá Malay-gí. Ùi Pasai sî-kî kaù kah Malacca So͘-tan-kok (Sultanate), Johor So͘-tan-kok, kap 17 sè-kí ê Acheh So͘-tan-kok lóng ū leh ēng. 1303 nî (Islam 702 nî) ê Terengganu jī-pán (Terengganu Tablet) tō khoàⁿ ē tio̍h. Ah nā Latin jī-bó ài kaù kah 19 sè-kí boé-kî chiah khai-sí ēng.
Jī-bó
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]| Jī-bó | Tan-tok | Thaû-chêng | Tiong-kan | Aū-piah | Miâ-chheng |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ا | ﺍ | ﺎ | alif | ||
| ب | ﺏ | ﺑ | ﺒ | ﺐ | ba |
| ت | ﺕ | ﺗ | ﺘ | ﺖ | ta |
| ة | ة | ـة | ta marbutah | ||
| ث | ﺙ | ﺛ | ﺜ | ﺚ | sa (tha) |
| ج | ﺝ | ﺟ | ﺠ | ﺞ | jim |
| چ | ﭺ | ﭼ | ﭽ | ﭻ | ca |
| ح | ﺡ | ﺣ | ﺤ | ﺢ | ha |
| خ | ﺥ | ﺧ | ﺨ | ﺦ | kha (khO) |
| د | ﺩ | ﺪ | dal | ||
| ذ | ﺫ | ﺬ | zal | ||
| ر | ﺭ | ﺮ | ra (rO) | ||
| ز | ﺯ | ﺰ | zai | ||
| س | ﺱ | ﺳ | ﺴ | ﺲ | sin |
| ش | ﺵ | ﺷ | ﺸ | ﺶ | syin |
| ص | ﺹ | ﺻ | ﺼ | ﺺ | sad (sOd) |
| ض | ﺽ | ﺿ | ﻀ | ﺾ | dad (dOd) |
| ط | ﻁ | ﻃ | ﻄ | ﻂ | ta (tO) |
| ظ | ﻅ | ﻇ | ﻈ | ﻆ | za (zO) |
| ع | ﻉ | ﻋ | ﻌ | ﻊ | ain |
| غ | ﻍ | ﻏ | ﻐ | ﻎ | ghain |
| ڠ | ڠ | ڠـ | ـڠـ | ـڠ | nga |
| ف | ﻑ | ﻓ | ﻔ | ﻒ | fa |
| ڤ | ﭪ | ﭬ | ﭭ | ﭫ | pa |
| ق | ﻕ | ﻗ | ﻘ | ﻖ | qaf |
| ک | ک | کـ | ـکـ | ـک | kaf |
| ݢ | ݢ | ݢـ | ـݢـ | ـݢ | ga |
| ل | ﻝ | ﻟ | ﻠ | ﻞ | lam |
| م | ﻡ | ﻣ | ﻤ | ﻢ | mim |
| ن | ﻥ | ﻧ | ﻨ | ﻦ | nun |
| و | ﻭ | ﻮ | wau | ||
| ۏ | ۏ | ـۏ | va | ||
| ه | ﻩ | ﻫ | ﻬ | ﻪ | ha |
| ء | ء | ء | hamzah | ||
| ي | ﻱ | ﻳ | ﻴ | ﻲ | ya |
| ی | ی | ﻰ | ye | ||
| ڽ | ڽ | ﭘ | ﭙ | ـڽ | nya |
Chham-khó
[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]- H.S. Paterson (& C.O. Blagden), 'An early Malay Inscription from 14th-century Trengganu', Journ. Mal. Br.R.A.S., II, 1924, pp. 258-263.
- R.O. Winstedt, A History of Malaya, revised ed. 1962, p. 40.
- J.G. de Casparis, Indonesian Paleography, 1975, p. 70-71.