I-Personal compyutha
I-Personal Khompyutha (i-PC) ligama elixhaphakileyo lohlobo lwe-khompyutha oluthandwa nolusetyenziswa kakhulu ezi-ofisini nasemakhaya. I-PC yokuqala ibizwa ngokuba yi-"IBM PC" yeenziwa yinkampani ebizwa ngokuba yi-IBM ngo-1981, nangona iikhompyutha ezininzi zazenziwe ngaphambili njenge-Commodore PET. i-Smartphones kunye neekhompyutha ze-tablet nazo zikwaziikhompyutha onokwenza kuzo umsebenzi wakho, kodwa azisoloko zibizwa ngokuba zii-"personal khompyutha".
sithetha nje, inkoliso yee-PCs zivamise ukuba nengqokolela yesakhiwo se-software ebizwa ngokuba yi-operating system. I-The operating system imele ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi kuquka nokuza ne-user interface (i-UI). Eyona ntandane ye-operating system kwi-PCs yi-Windows, ethengiswa liqumrhu lakwa-Mliqumrhu lakwaMiicrosoft. Ii-PC zenziwa yinkampani ebizwa ngokuba yi-Apple Inc. isenokusebenzisa inkqubo eyahlukileyo ye-software nebizwa ngokuba yi-Mac OS ethengiswa ngu-Apple Inc.
Ii-operating systems ezizimeleyo zikwakho nazo. zibizwa ngokuba zii-operating systems ze-Linux . Zingaphaya kwama-300 iintlobo-ntlobo ze-Linux "ezichakwayo". Inye kuzo yenzelwe injongo eyahlukileyo. Ubuntu-Linux yeyona Linux isetyenziswayo kuba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.
I-PC yangoku inengqokolela yamalungu ambalwa angabalulekileyo. I-"Base unit" okanye i-"Tower" ngowona ndoqo wekhompyutha. I-mpuku yekhompyutha kunye ne-keyboard zisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa i-input. I-monitor iyafuneka ukuze kujongwe i-output. Kwikhompyutha eyi-laptop ezi ndawo ziqukene ndawonye.
Ngaphakathi kwi-base unit okanye kwi-tower zininzi iindawo ezisebenza ngombane. Ezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zii-motherboard, i-CPU, i-Hard disk kunye ne-memory.
I-CPU (Central Processing unit) ilandela imiyalelo ye-operating system neyee-application programs. I-memory, okanye i-RAM (random access memory), yeyolwazi lwazi (i-data) oluhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza lusisiwa luphinde luphume kwi-processor. I- hard drive ibamba ii-programs kunye ne-data ngeli lixa ikhompyutha ingasebenzi ngenxa yokokuba amandla ombane engekho. I-Floppy drives, i-CD-ROM drives zisetyenziselwa ukugcina ulwazi kwii-zixhobo zokwenza oko ii-emovable disks.
Iikhompyutha zisoloko zine-modem ukuze zikwazi ukuthumela nokwamkela i-data ngomzila wefowuni, okanye kutsha nje, kuyenziwa oko nangemizila yeengcingo zomabonakude. Iikhompyutha zisenokuxhunyaniswa kubuxhakaxhaka beengcingo ze-khompyutha.
Ii-PCs zineentlobo-ntlobo zee-sockets ezibizwa ngokuba zii-ports. Ezona zixhaphake kakhulu zaziwa ngokuba zii-USB ports.
Iikhompyutha zisenokusetyenziselwa umsebenzi, oquka ukwenza uphando usebenzisa i-internet, ugcina ii-records; okanye ubhala amaxwebhu. Eminye imisebenzi iquka ukuxhumana, kunye nabantu kulo lonke eli hlabathi usebenzisa i- Instant messaging, i-emeyile okanye u-Skype okanye ukuveliswa kwemisebenzi efana nokudlala ekhompyutheni.