User:JerryL2017/List of recipients of the Copley Medal

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#	QID	Article	description	Point in time	rationale	Image
1	Q529	Louis Pasteur	French chemist and microbiologist (1822-1895)	1874	en:For his researches on fermentation and on pelerine.
2	Q680	Alessandro Volta	Italian physicist, chemist, and pioneer of electricity and power (1745-1827)	1794	en:For his several Communications explanatory of certain Experiments published by Professor Galvani.
3	Q937	Albert Einstein	German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)	1925	en:For his theory of relativity and his contributions to the quantum theory.
4	Q1035	Charles Darwin	English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)	1864	en:For his important researches in geology, zoology, and botanical physiology.
5	Q1585	Georg Simon Ohm	German physicist and mathematician	1841	en:For his researches into the laws of electric currents contained in various memoirs published in Schweiggers Journal, Poggendorffs Annalen and in a separate work entitled Diegalvanische Kette mathematisch bearbeitet.
6	Q4517	Bernard Katz	German-British biophysicist (1911–2003)	1967	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to knowledge of the fundamental processes involved in transmission across the neuromuscular junction.
7	Q5333	Charles Lyell	British geologist (1797–1875)	1858	en:For his various researches and writings by which he has contributed to the advance of geology.
8	Q6694	Alexander von Humboldt	Prussian geographer, naturalist and explorer (1769–1859)	1852	en:For his eminent services in terrestrial physics, during a series of years.
9	Q6722	Carl Friedrich Gauss	German mathematician and physicist (1777–1855)	1838	en:For his inventions and mathematical researches in magnetism.
10	Q7085	Niels Bohr	Danish physicist (1885–1962)	1938	en:In recognition of his distinguished work in the development of the quantum theory of atomic structure.
11	Q7324	James Cook	British explorer, cartographer and naval officer (1728–1779)	1776	en:For his Paper, giving an account of the method he had taken to preserve the health of the crew of H.M. Ship the Resolution, during her late voyage round the world. Whose communication to the Society was of such importance to the public.
12	Q7487	Dorothy Hodgkin	British chemist (1910–1994)	1976	en:In recognition of her outstanding work on the structures of complex molecules, particularly Penicillin, vitamin B12 and insulin.
13	Q8750	Michael Faraday	British scientist (1791–1867)	1832 1838	en:For his discovery of Magneto-Electricity as detailed in his Experimental Researches in Electricity, published in the Philosophical Transactions for the present year. en:For his researches in specific electrical induction.
14	Q8962	James Prescott Joule	English physicist and brewer (1818-1889)	1870	en:For his experimental researches on the dynamical theory of heat.
15	Q9021	Max Planck	German theoretical physicist (1858–1947)	1929	en:For his contributions to theoretical physics and especially as the originator of the quantum theory.
16	Q9106	Dmitri Mendeleev	Russian chemist (1834–1907)	1905	en:For his contributions to chemical and physical science.
17	Q9123	Ernest Rutherford	New Zealand physicist (1871–1937)	1922	en:For his researches in radio activity & atomic structure
18	Q14277	William Herschel	German-born British astronomer and composer (1738–1822)	1781	en:For the Communication of his Discovery of a new and singular Star; a discovery which does him particular honour, as, in all probability, this start has been for many years, perhaps ages, within the bounds of astronomic vision, and yet till now, eluded the
19	Q14278	John Frederick William Herschel	English polymath, mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and photographer (*1792 – †1871)	1821 1847	en:For his Papers printed in the Philosophical Transactions. en:For his work entitled Results of Astronomical Observations made during the years 1834, 1835, 1836, 1837 and 1838, at the Cape of Good Hope; being a completion of a telescopic survey of the whole surface of the visible heavens, commenced in 1825
20	Q15462	William Hamilton	Scottish diplomat, antiquarian, archaeologist and vulcanologist (1730-1803)	1770	en:For his Paper, entitled, An Account of a Journey to Mount Etna.
21	Q16571	Justus von Liebig	German chemist (1803-1873)	1840	en:For his discoveries in organic chemistry, and particularly for his development of the composition and theory of organic radicals.
22	Q17714	Stephen Hawking	British theoretical physicist, cosmologist and author (1942–2018)	2006	en:For his outstanding contribution to theoretical physics and theoretical cosmology.
23	Q18425	Marcellin Berthelot	French chemist and politician (1827-1907)	1900	en:For his brilliant services to chemical science.
24	Q20015	John Couch Adams	English mathematician and astronomer (1819–1892)	1848	en:For his investigations relative to the disturbances of Uranus, and for his application of the inverse problem of perturbations thereto.
25	Q20018	George Biddell Airy	English mathematician and astronomer (*1801 – †1892)	1831	en:For his Papers, On the principle of the construction of the Achromatic Eye-pieces of Telescopes, - On the Spherical Aberration of the Eye-pieces of Telescopes, and for other Papers on Optical Subjects in the Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Soc
26	Q25320	Paul Langevin	French physicist, philosopher of science and pedagogue (1872-1946)	1940	en:For his pioneer work on the electron theory of magnetism, his fundamental contributions to discharge of electricity in gases, and his important work in many branches of theoretical physics.
27	Q28189	Abdus Salam	theoretical physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics recipient	1990	en:In recognition of his work on the symmetries of the laws of nature, and especially the unification of the electromagnetic and weak forces.
28	Q30693	Rudolf Clausius	German mathematical physicist and professor (1822-1888)	1879	en:For his well-known researches upon heat.
29	Q34969	Benjamin Franklin	American author, printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, diplomat, Founding Father (1706–1790)	1753	en:On account of his curious Experiments and Observations on Electricity.
30	Q41688	Hendrik Lorentz	Dutch physicist (1853–1928)	1918	en:On the ground of his distinguished researches in mathematical physics.
31	Q42985	Ivan Pavlov	Russian physiologist (1849-1936)	1915	en:On the ground of his investigations in the physiology of digestion and of the higher centres of the nervous system.
32	Q44412	Hans Christian Ørsted	Danish physicist and chemist (1777-1851)	1836	en:For his Electro-magnetic Discoveries.
33	Q44645	Benjamin Thompson	American-born British physicist and inventor	1792	en:For his various Papers on the Properties and Communication of Heat.
34	Q47285	J. J. Thomson	British physicist (1856-1940)	1914	en:On the ground of his discoveries in physical science
35	Q47480	Paul Dirac	British theoretical physicist (1902–1984)	1952	en:In recognition of his remarkable contributions to relativistic dynamics of a particle in quantum mechanics.
36	Q48986	Cyril Norman Hinshelwood	English physical chemist (1897-1967)	1962	en:In recognition of his distinguished researches in the field of chemical kinetics, including the study of biological reaction mechanisms, and of his outstanding contributions to natural philosophy.
37	Q49351	Robert Robinson	English chemist (1886-1975)	1942	en:For his research work of outstanding originality and brilliance which has influenced the whole field of organic chemistry.
38	Q57103	Karl Weierstraß	German mathematician (1815-1897)	1895	en:For his investigations in pure mathematics.
39	Q57171	Robert Mayer	German physicist (1814-1878)	1871	en:For his researches on the mechanics of heat; including essays on: - 1. The force of inorganic nature. 2. Organic motion in connection with nutrition. 3. Fever. 4. Celestial dynamics. 5. The mechanical equivalent of heat.
40	Q57190	Karl Ernst von Baer	Baltic-German scientist (1792-1876)	1867	en:For his discoveries in embryology and comparative anatomy, and for his contributions to the philosophy of zoology.
41	Q57191	Hans Krebs	German-British biochemist (1900-1981)	1961	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to biochemistry, in particular his work on the ornithine, tricarboxylic acid and glyoxylate cycles.
42	Q57561	Julius Plücker	German mathematician and physicist (1801-1868)	1866	en:For his researches in analytical geometry, magnetism, & spectral analysis.
43	Q57992	Johannes Peter Müller	German physiologist, comparative anatomist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist (1801-1858)	1854
44	Q58575	Friedrich Wöhler	German chemist (1800-1882)	1872	en:For his numerous contributions to the science of chemistry, and more especially for his researches on the products of the decomposition of cyanogens by ammonia; on the derivatives of uric acid; on the benzoyl series; on boron, silicon, & their compounds;
45	Q60024	Hermann von Helmholtz	German physicist and physiologist (1821-1894)	1873	en:For his researches in physics and physiology.
46	Q61300	Carl Gegenbaur	German scientist (1826–1903)	1896	en:For his life-long researches in comparative anatomy in all branches of the animal kingdom. etc., etc.
47	Q61697	Heinrich Wilhelm Dove	German scientist (1803–1879)	1853	en:For his work on the distribution of heat over the surface of the Earth.
48	Q61735	Rudolf Peierls	German-born British physicist	1986	en:In recognition of his fundamental contributions to a very wide range of theoretical physics, and signal advances in proposing the probable existence of nuclear chain reactions in fissile materials.
49	Q61749	Peter Andreas Hansen	German astronomer (1795-1874)	1850	en:For his researches in physical astronomy.
50	Q61774	Franz Ernst Neumann	German physicist and mineralogist (1798-1895)	1887	en:For his researches in theoretical optics and electro-dynamics.
51	Q61975	Carl Ludwig	German physiologist (1816–1895)	1884	en:For his investigations in physiology, and the great services which he has rendered to physiological science.
52	Q71031	Robert Bunsen	German chemist (1811-1899)	1860	en:For his researches on cacodyls, gaseous analysis, the volcanic phenomena of Iceland; and other researches.
53	Q72194	Henry Hallett Dale	English pharmacologist, Nobel laureate	1937	en:In recognition of his important contributions to physiology and pharmacology, particularly in relation to the nervous and neuro-muscular systems.
54	Q76360	August Wilhelm von Hofmann	German chemist (1818-1892)	1875	en:For his numerous contributions to the science of chemistry, and especially for his researches on the derivatives of ammonia.
55	Q76432	Rudolf Virchow	German doctor, anthropologist, public health activist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist and politician (1821-1902)	1892	en:For his investigations in pathology, pathological anatomy, and prehistoric archaeology.
56	Q76641	Felix Klein	German mathematician, author of the Erlangen Program (1849-1925)	1912	en:On the ground of his researches in mathematics
57	Q76707	Wilhelm Eduard Weber	German physicist (1804–1891)	1859	en:For the investigations contained in his Maasbestimmungen and other researches in electricity, magnetism, acoustics, &c.
58	Q76745	Theodor Schwann	German physiologist (1810–1882)	1845	en:For his physiological researches on the development of animal & vegetable textures, published in his work entitled Mikroskopische Untersuchungen uber die Uebereinstimmung in der Struktur u. dem Wachsthun der Thiese u. Bflanzen.
59	Q76784	August Kekulé	German organic chemist (1829–1896)	1885	en:For his researches in organic chemistry.
60	Q76951	George de Hevesy	Hungarian chemist (1885–1966)	1949	en:For his distinguished work on the chemistry of radioactive elements and especially for his development of the radioactive tracer techniques in the investigation of biological processes.
61	Q78480	Max Perutz	Austrian-born British molecular biologist (1914-2002)	1979	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to molecular biology through his own studies of the structure and biological activity of haemoglobin and his leadership in the development of the subject.
62	Q80884	James Chadwick	English physicist (1891-1974), who discovered the neutron in 1932	1950	en:For his outstanding work in nuclear physics and in the development of atomic energy, especially for his discovery of the neutron.
63	Q81218	John Gurdon	British developmental biologist	2003	en:For his unique range of groundbreaking discoveries in the fields of cell and developmental biology. He pioneered the concept that specialised cells are genetically equivalent and that they differ only in the genes they express not the genes they contain,
64	Q83297	John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh	English physicist (1842–1919)	1899	en:In recognition of his contributions to physical science.
65	Q83333	James D. Watson	American molecular biologist, geneticist, and zoologist (born 1928)	1993	en:In recognition of his tireless pursuit of DNA, from the elucidation of its structure to the social and medical implications of the sequencing of the human genome.
66	Q102419	Derek Barton	English organic chemist (1918–1998)	1980	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to a wide range of problems in structural and synthetic organic chemistry and , in particular, his introduction of conformational analysis into stereochemistry.
67	Q104104	Andre Geim	Russian-born Dutch-British physicist	2013	en:For his numerous scientific contributions and, in particular, for initiating research on two‐dimensional atomic crystals and their artificial heterostructures.
68	Q104154	Urbain Le Verrier	French astronomer (1811-1877)	1846	en:For his investigations relative to the disturbances of Uranus by which he proved the existence and predicted the place of the new Planet; the Council considering such prediction confirmed as it was by the immediate discovery of the Planet to be one of the
69	Q104607	Andrew Huxley	English physiologist and biophysicist (1917–2012)	1973	en:In recognition of his outstanding studies on the mechanisms of the nerve impulse and of activation of muscular contraction.
70	Q106762	George Porter	British chemist (1920–2002)	1992	en:In recognition of his contributions to fundamental understanding of fast photochemical and photophysical processes and their role in chemistry and biology.
71	Q115490	Tadeusz Reichstein	Polish-Swiss chemist (1897-1996)	1968	en:In recognition of his distinguished work on the chemistry of vitamin C and his authoritative studies of the cortico-steroids.
72	Q115810	Abraham Trembley	Genevan naturalist (1710-1784)	1743	en:For his Experiments on the Polypus.
73	Q122701	William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin	British physicist and engineer (1824–1907)	1883	en:For (1) his discovery of the law of the universal dissipation of energy; (2) his researches and eminent services in physics, both experimental & mathematical, especially in the theory of electricity and thermodynamics.
74	Q122972	Louis Agassiz	Swiss-American naturalist (1807–1873)	1861	en:For his eminent researches in palaeontology and other branches of science, and particularly for his great works the Poissons Fossiles, and his Poissons du Vieux Gres Rouge dEcosse.
75	Q123280	Francis Crick	British molecular biologist, biophysicist, neuroscientist; co-discoverer of the structure of DNA	1975	en:In recognition of his elucidation of the structure of DNA and his continuing contribution to molecular biology.
76	Q123485	Jacques Charles François Sturm	French mathematician (1803–1855)	1840	en:For his "Memoire sur la Resolution des Equations Numeriques," published in the Memoires des Savans Etrangers for 1835.
77	Q123528	Albert von Kölliker	Swiss anatomist, physiologist (1817–1905)	1897	en:In recognition of his important work in embryology, comparative anatomy, and physiology, and especially for his eminence as a histologist.
78	Q123670	Jean-André Deluc	Swiss geologist and meteorologist (1727–1817)	1791	en:For his Improvements in Hygrometry.
79	Q127234	Albert A. Michelson	Polish physicist (1852–1931)	1907	en:On the ground of his investigations in optics
80	Q128759	Stanislao Cannizzaro	Italian chemist (1826-1910)	1891	en:For his contributions to chemical philosophy especially for his application of Avogadros theory.
81	Q131729	William Lawrence Bragg	Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer	1966	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to the development of methods of structural determination by X-ray diffraction.
82	Q131733	Henry Cavendish	British natural philosopher, scientist, and an important experimental and theoretical chemist and physicist	1766	en:For his Paper communicated this present year, containing his Experiments relating to Fixed Air.
83	Q131761	Humphry Davy	British chemist	1805	en:For his various Communications published in the Philosophical Transactions.
84	Q133747	William Henry Bragg	British scientist (1862–1942)	1930	en:For his distinguished contributions to crystallography and radioactivity.
85	Q135154	John Cornforth	Australian-British chemist	1982	en:In recognition of his distinguished research on the stereochemically-controlled synthesis and biosynthesis of biologically important molecules.
86	Q137106	Howard Florey	Australian pathologist (1898-1968)	1957	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to experimental pathology and medicine.
87	Q148109	Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar	Indian-American astrophysicist	1984	en:In recognition of his distinguished work on theoretical physics, including stellar structure, theory of radiation, hydrodynamic stability and relativity.
88	Q150910	Charles Algernon Parsons	inventor of the steam turbine (1854-1931)	1928	en:For his contributions to engineering science.
89	Q151556	Richard Owen	English biologist and paleontologist (1804–1892)	1851	en:On account of his important discoveries in comparative anatomy & palaeontology, contained in the Philosophical Transactions and numerous other works.
90	Q151564	Frederick Sanger	British biochemist (1918–2013)	1977	en:In recognition of his distinguished work on the chemical structure of proteins and his studies on the sequences of nucleic acids.
91	Q151911	Jöns Jacob Berzelius	Swedish chemist (1779–1848)	1836	en:For his systematic application of the doctrine of definite proportions to the analysis of mineral bodies, as contained in his Nouveau Systeme de Mineralogie, and in other of his works.
92	Q153243	Josiah Willard Gibbs	American scientist (1839–1903)	1901	en:For his contributions to mathematical physics.
93	Q154353	François Arago	French mathematician, physicist, astronomer and politician (1786-1853)	1825	en:For the Discovery of the Magnetic Properties of substances not containing Iron. For the Discovery of the power of various bodies, principally metallic, to receive magnetic impressions, in the same, though in a more evanescent manner than malleable Iron, a
94	Q155375	Archibald Hill	English physiologist and biophysicist (1886-1977)	1948	en:For his distinguished researches on myothermal problems and on biophysical phenomena in nerve and other tissues.
95	Q155525	César Milstein	Argentine biochemist (1927–2002)	1989	en:In recognition of his outstanding contributions to immunology, in particular to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies and to the understanding of the role of somatic mutations in the maturation of the immune response.
96	Q155764	Robert Brown	Scottish botanist (1773-1858), discoverer of the cell nucleus and of Brownian Motion	1839	en:For his discoveries during a series of years, on the subject of vegetable impregnation.
97	Q155768	Joseph Lister	British surgeon and antiseptic pioneer (1827–1912)	1902	en:In recognition of the value of his physiological and pathological researches in regard to their influence on the modern practice of surgery.
98	Q155907	Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet	Irish mathematician and physicist (1819–1903)	1893	en:For his researches and discoveries in physical science.
99	Q156941	Eduard Suess	Austrian geologist (1831-1914)	1903	en:For his eminent geological services, & especially for the original researches & conclusions published in his great work "Das Antlitz der Erde".
100	Q156942	Charles Wheatstone	British physicist (1802-1875)	1868	en:For his researches in acoustics, optics, electricity and magnetism.
101	Q157242	Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd	British biochemist (1907-1997)	1970	en:In recognition of his outstanding contributions to both the analytical and synthetic chemistry of natural products of diverse types.
102	Q157250	Harry Kroto	British chemist (1939-2016)	2004	en:In recognition of his seminal contributions to understanding the fundamental dynamics of carbon chain molecules, leading to the detection of these species (polyynes) in the interstellar medium by radioastronomy, and thence to the genesis of a new era in c
103	Q157501	Joseph Dalton Hooker	British botanist, lichenologist, and surgeon (1817–1911)	1887	en:For his services to botanical science as an investigator, author, and traveller.
104	Q186330	Arthur Cayley	English mathematician (1821-1895)	1882	en:For his numerous profound and comprehensive researches in pure mathematics.
105	Q159636	Joseph Priestley	English chemist, theologian, educator, and political theorist (1733–1804)	1772	en:On account of the many curious and useful Experiments contained in his observations on different kinds of Air, read at the Society in March, 1772, and printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
106	Q160627	Alfred Russel Wallace	British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist (1823-1913)	1908-11-30	en:On the ground of the great value of his numerous contributions to natural history, and of the part he took in working out the theory of the origin of species by natural selection.
107	Q160681	William Huggins	British astronomer (1824–1910)	1898	en:For his researches in spectrum analysis applied to the heavenly bodies.
108	Q162900	Charles Thomson Rees Wilson	Scottish physicist and meteorologist (1869-1959)	1935	en:For his work on the use of clouds in advancing our knowledge of atoms and their properties.
109	Q164401	Simon Newcomb	American astronomer (1835-1909)	1890	en:For his contributions to the progress of gravitational astronomy.
110	Q164824	Jean-Baptiste Dumas	French chemist (1800–1884)	1843	en:For his late valuable researches in organic chemistry, particularly those contained in a series of memoirs on chemical types and the doctrine of substitution, and also for his elaborate investigations of the atomic weights of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nit
111	Q168468	David Brewster	British astronomer and mathematician (1781–1868)	1815	en:For his Paper on the Polarization of Light by Reflection from Transparent Bodies.
112	Q172254	Élie Metchnikoff	Russian-French immunologist, embryologist, biologist	1906	en:On the ground of the importance of his work in zoology and in pathology.
113	Q177681	Thomas Hunt Morgan	American biologist (1866–1945)	1939	en:For his establishment of the modern science of genetics which had revolutionized our understanding, not only of heredity, but of the mechanism and nature of evolution.
114	Q182915	William Henry	British chemist who formulated the law on the solubility of gases into liquids	1808	en:For his various papers communicated to the society, and printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
115	Q184337	G.H. Hardy	British mathematician (1877–1947)	1947	en:For his distinguished part in the development of mathematical analysis in England during the last thirty years.
116	Q184366	Thomas Henry Huxley	British biologist and comparative anatomist (1825–1895)	1888	en:For his investigations on the morphology and histology of vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and for his services to biological science in general during many past years.
117	Q184433	Andrew Wiles	English mathematician (1953–)	2017	en:For his beautiful and unexpected proof of Fermat's Last Theorem which is one of the most important mathematical achievements of the 20th century
118	Q184499	Patrick Blackett	British physicist (1897–1974)	1956	en:In recognition of his outstanding studies of cosmic ray showers and heavy mesons and in the field of palaeomagnetism.
119	Q187966	Léon Foucault	French physicist	1855	en:For his various researches in experimental physics.1854 Johannes Muller. For his important contributions to different branches of physiology and comparative anatomy, and particularly for his researches on the embryology of the Echinodermata, contained in
120	Q188929	Arthur Evans	British archaeologist and scholar (1851–1941)	1936	en:In recognition of his pioneer work in Crete, particularly his contributions to the history and civilization of its Minoan age.
121	Q189485	Nevill Francis Mott	English physicist, Nobel prize winner	1972	en:In recognition of his original contributions over a long period to atomic and solid state physics.
122	Q189552	William Crookes	British chemist and physicist (1832-1919)	1904	en:For his long-continued researches in spectroscopic chemistry, on electrical & mechanical phenomena in highly-rarefied gases, on radio-active phenomena, and other subjects.
123	Q190626	Aaron Klug	British chemist and biophysicist	1985	en:In recognition of his outstanding contributions to our understanding of complex biological structures and the methods used for determining them.
124	Q190772	Siméon Denis Poisson	French mathematician, mechanician and physicist (1781–1840)	1832	en:For his work entitled, Nouvelle Theorie de lAction Capillaire.
125	Q191026	Francis Galton	English geographer, statistician, eugenicist (1822-1911)	1910	en:On the ground of his researches in heredity.
126	Q192112	Peter Higgs	British physicist and Nobel Prize winner (1929–2024)	2015	en:For his fundamental contribution to particle physics with his theory explaining the origin of mass in elementary particles, confirmed by the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider.
127	Q193550	Frank Macfarlane Burnet	Australian virologist (1899-1985)	1959	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to knowledge of viruses and of immunology.
128	Q193650	Alan Lloyd Hodgkin	physiologist and biophysicist (1914-1998)	1965	en:In recognition of his discovery of the mechanism of excitation and impulse conduction in nerve, and his outstanding leadership in the development of neurophysiology.
129	Q193803	Roger Penrose	English mathematical physicist, recreational mathematician and philosopher	2008	en:For his beautiful and original insights into many areas of mathematics and mathematical physics. Sir Roger has made outstanding contributions to general relativity theory and cosmology, most notably for his work on black holes and the Big Bang.
130	Q201803	Benjamin Robins	British engineer	1746	en:On account of his curious Experiments for showing the resistance of the Air, and his rules for establishing his doctrine thereon for the motion of Projectiles.
131	Q207719	Martin Evans	English developmental biologist	2009	en:For his seminal work on embryonic stem cells in mice, which revolutionised the field of genetics.
132	Q207992	Peter D. Mitchell	British biochemist (1920-1992)	1981
133	Q208230	Claude Bernard	French physiologist (1813-1878)	1876	en:For his numerous contributions to the science of physiology.
134	Q208356	Michael Atiyah	British mathematician	1988	en:In recognition of his fundamental contributions to a wide range of topics in geometry, topology, analysis and theoretical physics.
135	Q213504	Charles Scott Sherrington	English footballer, neurophysiologist and Nobel Prize recipient (1857–1952)	1927	en:For his distinguished work on neurology.
136	Q214209	Peter Medawar	English-brazilian biologist (1915–1987)	1969	en:In recognition of his distinguished studies of tissue transplantation and immunological tolerance.
137	Q216723	Ronald Fisher	British statistician, evolutionary biologist and geneticist (1890–1962)	1955	en:In recognition of his numerous and distinguished contributions to developing the theory and application of statistics for making quantitative a vast field of biology.
138	Q219716	Paul Nurse	Nobel prize winning British biochemist	2005	en:For his contributions to cell biology in general, and to the elucidation of the control of cell division.
139	Q231292	Edgar Douglas Adrian	English electrophysiologist (1889-1977)	1946	en:For his distinguished researches on the fundamental nature of nervous activity, and recently on the localization of certain nervous functions.
140	Q232316	Robert Burns Woodward	American chemist	1978	en:In recognition of his masterly contributions to the synthesis of complex natural products and his discovery of the importance of orbital symmetry.
141	Q233973	John Pople	Nobel prize winning British chemist (1925-2004)	2002	en:For his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry. His work transformed density functional theory into a powerful theoretical tool for chemistry, chemical physics and biology.
142	Q233974	Jocelyn Bell Burnell	British astrophysicist (born 1943)	2021
143	Q233976	Frederick Hopkins	English biochemist	1926	en:For his distinguished and fruitful work in biochemistry.
144	Q234463	Sydney Brenner	South African biologist, Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002	1991	en:In recognition of his many contributions to molecular genetics and developmental biology, and his recent role in the Human Genome mapping project.
145	Q235184	John E. Walker	British chemist	2012	en:For his ground-breaking work on bioenergetics, discovering the mechanism of ATP synthesis in the mitochondrion.
146	Q253133	Jacques Miller	French-Australian research scientist	2001	en:For his work on the immunological function of the thymus and of T cells, which has revolutionised the science of immunology. Professor Millers work is paving the way for designing new methods to improve resistance to infections, producing new vaccines, en
147	Q257668	George Edwards	English naturalist and ornithologist	1750	en:On account of a very curious Book lately published by him, and intiyled, A Natural History of Birds, &c. - containing the Figures elegantly drawn, and illuminated in their proper colours, of 209 different Birds, and about 20 very rare Quadrupeds, Serpents
148	Q262827	Thomas Lewis	British cardiologist	1941	en:For his clinical and experimental investigations upon the mammalian heart.
149	Q271651	Michel Eugène Chevreul	French chemist (1786-1889)	1857	en:For his researches in organic chemistry, particularly on the composition of the fats, andf for his researches on the contrast of coulours.
150	Q277579	James Dewar	Scottish chemist and physicist (1842–1923)	1916	en:For his important investigations in physical chemistry, more especially his researches on the liquefaction of gases.
151	Q280250	Carlo Matteucci	Italian politician and physicist (1811–1868)	1844	en:or his various researches in animal electricity
152	Q286440	Pierre-Paul Émile Roux	French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist	1917	en:On the ground of his eminence as a bacteriologist, and as a pioneer in serum therapy.
153	Q295700	Rodney Robert Porter	English biochemist and Nobel laureate (1917-1985)	1983	en:In recognition of his elucidation of the structure of immunoglobulins and of the reactions involved in activating the complement system of proteins.
154	Q310781	James Joseph Sylvester	English mathematician (1814-1897)	1880	en:For his long continued investigations & discoveries in mathematics.
155	Q311115	Henri Victor Regnault	French physicist	1869	en:For the second volume of his Relation des Experiences pour determiner les lois et les donnees physiques necessaries au calcul des machines a feu, including his elaborate investigations on the specific heat of gases and vapours, and various papers on the e
156	Q311223	Edward Sabine	British Army general (1788-1883)	1821	en:For his various Communications to the Royal Society relating to his researches made in the late Expedition to the Arctic Regions.
157	Q312017	Stephen Hales	British scientist (1677-1761)	1739	en:For his Experiments towards the Discovery of Medicines for dissolving the Stone; and Preservatives for keeping Meat in long voyages at Sea
158	Q312278	James Bradley	English astronomer; Astronomer Royal	1748	en:On account of his very curious and wonderful discoveries in the apparent motion of the Fixed Stars, and the causes of such apparent motion.
159	Q312288	George Ellery Hale	American solar astronomer	1932	en:For his distinguished work on the solar magnetic phenomena and for his eminence as a scientific engineer, especially in connexion with Mount Wilson Observatory.
160	Q312389	William Buckland	English clergyman, geologist and palaeontologist (1784-1856)	1822	en:For his Paper on the Fossil Teeth and Bones discovered in a Cave at Kirkdale.
161	Q312975	William Hyde Wollaston	English chemist and physicist (1766–1828)	1802	en:For his various Papers printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
162	Q314335	John Harrison	British clockmaker, horologist and inventor of the marine chronometer	1749	en:On account of those very curious Instruments, invented and made by him, for the exact mensuration of Time.
163	Q315129	Oswald Avery	Canadian-born American physician and medical researcher	1945	en:For his success in introducing chemical methods in the study of immunity against infective diseases.
164	Q315197	Stephen Gray	British astronomer	1731 1732	en:For his new Electrical Experiments: - as an encouragement to him for the readiness he has always shown in obliging the Society with his discoveries and improvements in this part of Natural Knowledge. en:For the Experiments he made for the year 1732.
165	Q315366	James Dwight Dana	American mineralogist , scientist and zoologist (1813-1895)	1877	en:For his biological, geological, and mineralogical investigations, carried on through half a century, and for the valuable works in which his conclusions and discoveries have been published.
166	Q315752	John Frederic Daniell	English chemist and physicist	1837
167	Q318004	Antoine César Becquerel	French scientist and pioneer in the study of electric and luminescent phenomena (1788-1878)	1837	en:Becquerel; John Frederic Daniell. For his various memoirs on the subject of electricity, published in the Memoires deacademie Royale des Sciences de lInstitut de France, and particularly for those on the production of crystals of metallic sulphurets and o
168	Q318067	Michel Chasles	French mathematician (*1793 – †1880)	1865	en:For his historical and original researches in pure geometry.
169	Q323028	Edward Waring	English mathematician	1784	en:For his Mathematical Communications to the Society. For his Paper On the Summation of Series, whose general term is a determinate function of z the distance from the first term of the series.
170	Q323207	John Maynard Smith	British theoretical evolutionary biologist and geneticist (1920-2004)	1999	en:In recognition of his seminal contributions to evolutionary biology, including his experimental work on sexual selection, his important contributions to our understanding of ageing, his introduction of game theoretical methods for the analysis of complex
171	Q325016	George Howard Darwin	English astronomer, mathematician (*1845 – †1912)	1911	en:On the ground of his researches on tidal theory, the figures of the planets, and allied subjects.
172	Q333762	Thomas Graham	British chemist (1805–1869)	1862	en:For three memoirs of the diffusion of liquids, published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1850 and 1851; for a memoir on osmotic force in the Philosophical Transactions for 1854; and particularly for a paper on liquid diffusion applied to analysis, i
173	Q336397	Robert May, Baron May of Oxford	Australian scientist who has been Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government (1936-2020)	2007	en:For his seminal studies of interactions within and among biological populations that have reshaped our understanding of how species, communities and entire ecosystems respond to natural or human created disturbance.
174	Q350891	Adam Sedgwick	English geologist (1785-1873)	1863	en:For his original observations and discoveries in the geology of the Palaeozoic Series of rocks, and more especially for his determination of the characters of the Devonian System, by observations of the order of superposition of the Killas rocks & their f
175	Q353426	John Edensor Littlewood	English mathematician (1885–1977)	1958	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to many branches of analysis, including Tauberian theory, the Riemann zeta function, and non-linear differential equations.
176	Q361386	Edward Frankland	English chemist (1825–1899)	1894	en:For his eminent services to theoretical & applied chemistry.
177	Q361900	Roderick Murchison, 1st Baronet	British geologist (1792-1871)	1849	en:For the eminent services he has rendered to geological science during many years of active observation in several parts of Europe; and especially for the establishment of that classification of the older Palaeozoic deposits designated the Silurian System,
178	Q366051	Charles-Adolphe Wurtz	French chemist (1817-1884)	1881	en:For his discovery of the organic ammonias, the glycols, and other investigations which have exercised considerable influence on the progress of chemistry.
179	Q370136	George William Hill	American astronomer and mathematician (*1838 – †1914)	1909	en:On the ground of his researches in mathematical astronomy.
180	Q373799	Giovanni Plana	Italian astronomer (1781-1864)	1834	en:For his work entitled, Theorie du Mouvement de la Lune.
181	Q375172	John Goodricke	Dutch astronomer (1764-1786)	1783	en:For his discovery of the Period of the Variation of Light in the Star Algol.
182	Q377800	Smithson Tennant	British chemist (1761-1815)	1804	en:For his various Chemical Discoveries communicated to the Society, and printed in several volumes of the Philosophical Transactions.
183	Q377985	Joseph Barcroft	Physiologist, studied the oxygenation of blood (1872–1947)	1943	en:For his distinguished work on respiration and the respiratory function of the blood.
184	Q378065	Charles Hatchett	British chemist	1798	en:For his Chemical Communications printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
185	Q379999	Harold Jeffreys	British geophysicist and statistician (1891–1989)	1960	en:In recognition of his distinguished work in many branches of geophysics, and also in the theory of probability and astronomy.
186	Q385803	Robin Hill	British biochemist (1899-1991)	1987	en:In recognition of his pioneering contributions to the understanding of the nature and mechanism of the main pathway of electron transport in photosynthesis.
187	Q390352	Peter Barlow	British mathematician and physicist	1825	en:For his various Communications on the subject of Magnetism.
188	Q427418	Theobald Smith	American epidemiologist (1859–1934)	1933	en:For his original research and observation on diseases of animals and man.
189	Q441174	George Atwood	English mathematician	1796	en:For his Paper on the construction and analysis of geometrical propositions determining the positions assumed by homogeneal bodies which float freely, and at rest; and also determining the Stability of Ships and other floating bodies.
190	Q450757	Nevil Maskelyne	fifth Astronomer Royal (*1765 – †1811)	1775	en:In consideration of his curious and laborious Observations on the Attraction of Mountains, made in Scotland, - on Schehallien.
191	Q460922	John Smeaton	English engineer (1724-1792)	1759	en:On account of his curious Experiments concerning Water-wheels and Wind-mill Sails, communicated to the Society. For his experimental enquiry concerning the powers of water and wind in the moving of Mills
192	Q462269	William Watson	English physician and scientist (1715–1787)	1745	en:On account of the surprising discoveries in the phenomena of Electricity, exhibited in his late Experiments.
193	Q464935	David Cox	English statistician (1924–2022)	2010	en:For his seminal contributions to the theory and applications of statistics
194	Q471703	Edward Delaval	British scientist	1766	en:For his Experiments and Observations on the agreement between the specific gravities of the several Metals, and their colours when united to glass, as well as those of their other preparations.
195	Q497656	James Ivory	Scottish mathematician	1814	en:For his various Mathematical Contributions printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
196	Q503318	Jean-Baptiste Boussingault	French chemist who made significant contributions to agricultural science, petroleum science and metallurgy (1801–1887)	1878	en:For his long-continued and important researches and discoveries in agricultural chemistry.
197	Q505173	Henri Milne-Edwards	French zoologist (1800-1885)	1856	en:For his researches in comparative anatomy and zoology.
198	Q505186	John Dollond	English optician, known for his achromatic doublets	1758	en:On account of his curious Experiments and Discoveries concerning the different refrangibility of the Rays of Light, communicated to the Society.
199	Q505981	John Hunter	Scottish surgeon (1728-1793)	1787	en:For his three Papers, - On the Ovaria, On the identity of the dog, wolf, and jackall species, and On the anatomy of Whales, printed in the Philosophical Transactions for 1787.
200	Q511916	Alec Jeffreys	British geneticist	2014-08-05	en:For his numerous scie A1:H277ntific contributions and, in particular, for initiating research on two‐dimensional atomic crystals and their artificial heterostructures.
201	Q526816	John Walsh	scientist and politician from England born in 1726	1773	en:For his Paper on the Torpedo
202	Q536500	Joseph Larmor	Irish physicist and mathematician (1857-1942)	1921	en:For his researches in mathematical physics.
203	Q537479	Alan Fersht	British chemist	2020-08-04	en:He has developed and applied the methods of protein engineering to provide descriptions of protein folding pathways at atomic resolution, revolutionising our understanding of these processes.
204	Q550798	John Canton	British physicist	1751 1764	en:For his very ingenious and elegent Experiments in the Air Pump and Condensing Engine, to prove the Compressibility of Water, and some other Fluids.
205	Q559029	John Scott Haldane	British physiologist (1860–1936)	1934	en:In recognition of his discoveries in human physiology and of their application to medicine, mining, diving and engineering.
206	Q863936	William Bayliss	British physiologist (1860–1924)	1919	en:On the ground of his researches in general physiology & biophysics.
207	Q658008	John Theophilus Desaguliers	French-born British natural philosopher and clergyman	1734 1736 1741	en:For his experiments made during the year. en:In consideration of his several Experiments performed before the Society en:For his Experiments towards the discovery of the properties of Electricity. As an addition to his allowance (as Curator) for the present year.
208	Q686218	John Huxham	English surgeon; (1672-1768)	1755	en:For his many useful Experiments on Antimony, of which an account had been read to the Society.
209	Q693204	Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet	British surgeon	1811	en:For his Papers printed in the Philosophical Transactions. On the influence of the Brain on the action of the Heart, and the generation of Animal Heat; and on the different modes in which death is brought on by certain Vegetable Poisons.
210	Q699541	Geoffrey Ingram Taylor	British mathematician and physicist (1886-1975)	1944	en:For his many contributions to aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and the structure of metals, which have had a profound influence on the advance of physical science and its applications.
211	Q704696	Ray Lankester	British zoologist (1847-1929)	1913	en:On the ground of the high scientific value of the researches in zoology carried out by him.
212	Q711256	Sydney Chapman	British mathematician and geophysicist (1888–1970)	1964	en:In recognition of his theoretical contributions to terrestrial and interplanetary magnetism, the ionosphere and the aurora borealis.
213	Q711452	Arthur Schuster	Anglo-German physicist (1851-1934)	1931	en:For his distinguished researches in optics and terrestrial magnetism.
214	Q714609	Frank Fenner	Australian virologist (1914–2010)	1995	en:In recognition of his contribution to animal virology with special emphasis on the pox and myxomatosis viruses and their relationship with the host in causing disease.
215	Q726736	Charles Hutton	English mathematician	1778	en:For his paper, entitled, The force of Fired Gunpowder, and the initial velocity of Cannon Balls, determined by Experiments.
216	Q728463	Alan Cottrell	British metallurgist and physicist (1919-2012)	1996	en:In recognition of his contribution to the understanding of mechanical properties of materials and related topics through his pioneering studies on crystal plasticity, dislocation impurity interactions, fracture and irradiation effects.
217	Q742464	John Pond	British astronomer	1823	en:For his various Communications to the Royal Society.
218	Q749557	Astley Cooper	English surgeon and anatomist	1801	en:For his Papers - on the effects which take place from the destruction of the Membrana Tympani of the Ear; with an account of an operation for the removal of a particular species of Deafness.
219	Q763176	Robert Seppings	Surveyor of the Royal Navy; British naval architect	1818	en:For his Papers on the construction of Ships of War, printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
220	Q775400	William Prout	British chemist (1785-1850)	1827	en:For his Paper, entitled, On the ultimate Composition of simple alimentary substances, with some preliminary remarks on the analysis of organized bodies in general. (Prout); For his magnetic and other observations made during the Arctic expedition to Port
221	Q778582	James MacCullagh	Irish mathematician	1842	en:For his researches connected with the wave theory of light, contained in the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy.
222	Q817749	Benjamin Wilson	British painter and scientist (1721-1788)	1760	en:For his many curious Experiments in Electricity, communicated to the Society within the year.
223	Q901070	Richard Kirwan	Irish geologist and chemist (1733-1812)	1782	en:As a reward for the merit of his labours in the science of Chemistry. For his chemical analyses of Salts.
224	Q902340	Edward Charles Howard	British chemist (1774-1816)	1800	en:For his Paper on a New Fulminating Mercury.
225	Q903240	Albert Kluyver	Dutch botanist, microbiologist, and biochemist (1888-1956)	1953	en:For his distinguished contributions of a fundamental character to the science of microbiology.
226	Q903246	William Lewis	English chemist and physician	1754	en:For the many Experiments made by him on Platina, which tend to the discovery of the sophistication of gold: - which he would have entirely completed, but was obliged to put a stop to his further enquiries for want of materials.
227	Q906529	John B. Goodenough	American materials scientist (1922–2023)	2019
228	Q907583	Alan R. Battersby	British chemist (1925-2018)	2000	en:In recognition of his pioneering work in elucidating the detailed biosynthetic pathways to all the major families of plant alkaloids. His approach, which stands as a paradigm for future biosynthetic studies on complex molecules, combines isolation work, s
229	Q909884	E. T. Whittaker	British mathematician (1873-1956)	1954	en:For his distinguished contributions to both pure and applied mathematics and to theoretical physics.
230	Q909899	Peter Woulfe	Irish chemist	1768	en:For his Experiments on the Distillation of Acids, Volatile Alkalies, and other substances.
231	Q928236	Henry Baker	English naturalist (1698–1774)	1744	en:For his curious Experiments relating to the Crystallization or Configuration of the minute particles of Saline Bodies dissolved in a menstruum.
232	Q934747	John Ellis	linen merchant, botanist and naturalist (1710-1776)	1767	en:For his Papers of the year 1767, On the animal nature of the Genus of Zoophytes called Corallina, and the Actinia Sociata, or Clustered Animal Flower, lately found on the sea coasts of the new-ceded Islands.
233	Q935307	Paul Fildes	British pathologist and microbiologist (1882–1971)	1963	en:In recognition of his pioneering contributions to bacteriology.
234	Q940986	Thomas Andrew Knight	British botanist (1759-1838)	1806	en:For his various Papers on Vegetation, printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
235	Q944275	James Lighthill	British applied mathematician (1924–1998)	1998	en:In recognition of his profound contributions to many fields within fluid mechanics including important aspects of the interaction of sound and fluid flow and numerous other contributions which have had practical applications in aircraft engine design. He
236	Q968635	James Rennell	English geographer, historian and oceanographer (1742–1830)	1791	en:For his Paper on the Rate of Travelling as performed by Camels, printed in the last (81st) volume of the Philosophical Transactions.
237	Q969604	Everard Home	British surgeon; (1756-1832)	1807	en:For his various Papers on Anatomy and Physiology, printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
238	Q977036	Frederick Charles Frank	British physicist (1911–1998)	1994	en:In recognition of his fundamental contribution to the theory of crystal morphology, in particular to the source of dislocations and their consequences in interfaces and crystal growth; to fundamental understanding of liquid crystals and the concept of dis
239	Q983374	George Salmon	Irish mathematician and Anglican theologian (*1819 – †1904)	1889	en:For his various papers on subjects of pure mathematics, and for the valuable mathematical treatises of which he is the author.
240	Q999118	William Thomas Brande	British chemist; succeeded Humphry Davy as Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution, 1813.; (1788-1866)	1813	en:For his Communications concerning the Alcohol contained in Fermented Liquors and other Papers, printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
241	Q1063743	Charles Blagden	British physician and scientist	1788	en:For his two Papers on Congelation, printed in the last (78th) volume of the Philosophical transactions.
242	Q1107900	Henry Kater	British astronomer (1777-1835)	1817	en:For his Experiments on the Pendulum.
243	Q1107977	Samuel Vince	British mathematician, astronomer and physicist	1780	en:For his paper, entitled, An investigation of the Principles of Progressive and Rotatory Motion, printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
244	Q1117138	Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer	physiologist (1850–1935)	1924	en:For the valuable work he has done in physiology and histology and the position he now occupies as a leader in these sciences.
245	Q1156260	Horace Tabberer Brown	British chemist (1848-1925)	1920	en:On the ground of his work on the chemistry of carbohydrates, &c.
246	Q1159121	Armenio Peter	British geophysicist (born 1942)	2011	en:For his seminal contributions to the understanding of geological and geophysical phenomena including tectonic plates.
247	Q1174949	David Keilin	British entomologist (1887–1963)	1951	en:For his fundamental researches in the fields of protozoology, entomology and the biochemistry of enzymes.
248	Q1231580	John Brinkley	Bishop of Cloyne; Royal Astronomer of Ireland; Irish Anglican bishop and astronomer	1824	en:For his various Communications to the Royal Society.
249	Q1242490	Gowin Knight	British physicist (1713-1772)	1747	en:On account of several very curious Experiments exhibited by him, both with Natural and Artificial Magnets.
250	Q1293897	Edward Troughton	British telescope maker	1809	en:For the Account of his Method of dividing Astronomical Instruments, printed in the last volume of the Philosophical Transactions.
251	Q1309746	Francis Kiernan	Anatomist and physician (1800–1874)	1836	en:For his discoveries relating to the structure of the liver, as detailed in his paper communicated to the Royal Society, and published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1833.
252	Q1338141	Jesse Ramsden	British engraver and instrument maker	1795	en:For his various inventions and improvements in the construction of the Instruments for the Trigonometrical measurements carried on by the late Major General Roy, and by Lieut. Col. Williams and his associates.
253	Q1348255	John Pringle	Scottish physician	1752	en:On account of his very curious and useful Experiments and Observations on Septic and Anti-septic Substances, communicated to the Society.
254	Q1356359	W. V. D. Hodge	British mathematician (1903–1975)	1974	en:In recognition of his pioneering work in algebraic geometry, notably in his theory of harmonic integrals.
255	Q1365806	Henry Foster	Royal Navy officer and scientist	1827
256	Q1387590	Hugh Huxley	English biologist (1924-2013)	1997	en:In recognition of his pioneering work on the structure of muscle and on the molecular mechanisms of muscle contraction, providing solutions to one of the great problems in physiology.
257	Q1530841	Norman Pirie	British biochemist (1907-1997)	1971	en:In recognition of his distinguished contributions to biochemistry and especially for his elucidation of the nature of plant viruses.
258	Q1627897	Horace Lamb	English mathematician (*1849 – †1934)	1923	en:For his researches in mathematical physics.
259	Q1678456	Richard Henderson	Nobel prize winning British biochemist	2016	en:For his fundamental and revolutionary contributions to the development of electron microscopy of biological materials, enabling their atomic structures to be deduced.
260	Q1886068	Tomas Lindahl	Nobel prize winning Swedish biologist	2010	en:For his seminal contributions to the understanding of the biochemistry of DNA repair.
261	Q1968367	John Belchier	British surgeon	1737	en:For his Experiment to show the property of a Diet of Madder Root in dyeing the Bones of living animals of a red colour.
262	Q2282791	William Snow Harris	British researcher (1791-1867)	1835	en:For his experimental investigations of the force of electricity of high intensity contained in the Philosophical Transactions of 1834.
263	Q2725340	Christopher Middleton	Royal Navy officer	1742	en:For the communication of his Observations in the attempt of discovering a North-West passage to the East Indies through Hudsons Bay.
264	Q2877932	James South	British astronomer (1785-1867)	1826	en:For his observations of Double Stars, and his Paper on the Discordances between the Suns observed and computed Right Ascensions, published in the Transactions of the Society. For his Paper of Observations of the Apparent Distances and Positions of Four Hu
265	Q2958710	Lord Charles Cavendish	British politician; (1704-1783)	1757	en:On account of his very curious and useful invention of making Thermometers, showing respectively the greatest degrees of heat and cold which have happened at any time during the absence of the observer.
266	Q3039871	William Brownrigg	British scientist	1766	en:For an experimental enquiry into the Mineral Elastic Spirit, or Air, contained in Spa-Water; as well as into the Mephitic qualities of this Spirit.
267	Q3052355	William Hewson	British physiologist	1769	en:For his Two Papers, entitled, An Account of the Lymphatic System in Amphibious Animals, - and An Account of the Lymphatic System in Fish.
268	Q3142976	John Mudge	British doctor	1777	en:On account of his valuable Paper containing directions for making the best Composition for the metals of Reflecting Telescopes; together with a description of the process for grinding, polishing, and giving the best speculum the true parabolic form.
269	Q3269878	Richard Chenevix	Irish chemist	1803	en:For his various Chemical Papers printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
270	Q3297579	Matthew Raper	British astronomer, mathematician and scholar; (1705-1778)	1771	en:For his paper entitled, An Enquiry into the value of ancient Greek and Roman Money.
271	Q3300195	George Shuckburgh-Evelyn	British politician (1751-1804)	1798	en:For his various Communications printed in the Philosophical Transactions.
272	Q3378658	James Valoue	English inventor	1738	en:For his invention of an Engine for driving the Piles to make a Foundation for the Bridge to be erected at Westminster, the Model whereof had been shown to the Society
273	Q3499414	Alexander Stuart	British scientist	1740	en:For his Lectures on Muscular Motion. As a further addition for his services to the Society in the care and pains he has taken .therein
274	Q6176064	Jeffrey I. Gordon	American biologist	2018	en:For his contributions to understanding the role of gut microbial communities to human health and disease
275	Q6238574	John Hellins	British astronomer	1799	en:For his improved Solution of a problem in Physical Astronomy, &c. printed in the Philosophical Transactions for the year 1798; and his other Mathematical Papers.
276	Q6958910	Thomas Hutchins	British physician and naturalist	1783	en:For his Experiments to ascertain the point of Mercurial Congelation.
277	Q6963397	William Roy	Scottish military engineer, surveyor and antiquarian (1726–1790)	1785	en:For his Measurement of a Base on Hounslow Heath.
278	Q8015809	William Morgan	Welsh physician, physicist, statistician and actuary	1789	en:For his two Papers on the values of Reversions and Survivorships, printed in the two last volumes of the Philosophical Transactions.

End of automatically generated list.