Kynurenines and Glutamate: Multiple Links and Therapeutic Implications (Q38861843)

19 February 2018

review article

1 reference

title

Kynurenines and Glutamate: Multiple Links and Therapeutic Implications (English)

1 reference

19 February 2018

author name string

R Schwarcz

series ordinal

1

1 reference

19 February 2018

language of work or name

1 reference

11 March 2016

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19 February 2018

published in

Advances in Pharmacology

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19 February 2018

volume

76

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19 February 2018

page(s)

13-37

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19 February 2018

Xanthurenic Acid Activates mGlu2/3 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and is a Potential Trait Marker for Schizophrenia

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Cinnabarinic Acid, an Endogenous Metabolite of the Kynurenine Pathway, Activates Type 4 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors

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Acute elevations of brain kynurenic acid impair cognitive flexibility: normalization by the alpha7 positive modulator galantamine

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Reduction of endogenous kynurenic acid formation enhances extracellular glutamate, hippocampal plasticity, and cognitive behavior

17 June 2018

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Kynurenic acid is a potent endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand that synergistically induces interleukin-6 in the presence of inflammatory signaling

17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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The astrocyte-derived alpha7 nicotinic receptor antagonist kynurenic acid controls extracellular glutamate levels in the prefrontal cortex

17 June 2018

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Glutamate-dopamine crosstalk in the rat prefrontal cortex is modulated by Alpha7 nicotinic receptors and potentiated by PNU-120596.

17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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Pharmacological manipulation of kynurenic acid: potential in the treatment of psychiatric disorders

17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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Characterization of the kynurenine pathway in human neurons

17 June 2018

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Prolonged kynurenine 3-hydroxylase inhibition reduces development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian monkeys

17 June 2018

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Mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase: a third kynurenate-producing enzyme in the mammalian brain

17 June 2018

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Astrocytic localization of kynurenine aminotransferase II in the rat brain visualized by immunocytochemistry

17 June 2018

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Modulation of the function of presynaptic alpha7 and non-alpha7 nicotinic receptors by the tryptophan metabolites, 5-hydroxyindole and kynurenate in mouse brain

17 June 2018

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Kynurenic acid leads, dopamine follows: a new case of volume transmission in the brain?

17 June 2018

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Kynurenic acid as a ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35

17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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Biochemical and phenotypic abnormalities in kynurenine aminotransferase II-deficient mice

17 June 2018

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Converging Evidence of NMDA Receptor Hypofunction in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia

17 June 2018

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Comparative inhibition by substrate analogues 3-methoxy- and 3-hydroxydesaminokynurenine and an improved 3 step purification of recombinant human kynureninase

17 June 2018

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The brain metabolite kynurenic acid inhibits alpha7 nicotinic receptor activity and increases non-alpha7 nicotinic receptor expression: physiopathological implications

17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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Different kynurenine pathway enzymes limit quinolinic acid formation by various human cell types

17 June 2018

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(R,S)-3,4-dichlorobenzoylalanine (FCE 28833A) causes a large and persistent increase in brain kynurenic acid levels in rats

17 June 2018

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Excitotoxic lesions of the rat striatum: different responses of kynurenine pathway enzymes during ontogeny

17 June 2018

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Knockout of glutamate transporters reveals a major role for astroglial transport in excitotoxicity and clearance of glutamate

17 June 2018

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Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus, immune activation factors, and quinolinic acid in AIDS brains

17 June 2018

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Glutamate-mediated astrocyte-neuron signalling

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Identification of quinolinic acid in rat and human brain tissue

17 June 2018

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17 June 2018

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Quinolinic acid: a potent endogenous excitant at amino acid receptors in CNS

17 June 2018

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On the nature of the receptors for various excitatory amino acids in the mammalian central nervous system

17 June 2018

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II. Excitotoxic models for neurodegenerative disorders

17 June 2018

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Differential vulnerability of central neurons of the rat to quinolinic acid

17 June 2018

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An iontophoretic investigation of the actions of convulsant kynurenines and their interaction with the endogenous excitant quinolinic acid

17 June 2018

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Selective retrograde transport of d-aspartate in spinal interneurons and cortical neurons of rats

17 June 2018

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Chronic infusion of endogenous excitatory amino acids into rat striatum and hippocampus

17 June 2018

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Excitatory Amino Acid Transmitters

17 June 2018

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https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Epilepsy and the temporal lobes. A clinical, electroencephalographic and neuropathological study of the brain in epilepsy, with particular reference to the temporal lobes

17 June 2018

1 reference

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Brain lesions in an infant rhesus monkey treated with monsodium glutamate

17 June 2018

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Cytotoxic effects of acidic and sulphur containing amino acids on the infant mouse central nervous system

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington. Clinical, morphological and neurochemical correlations

17 June 2018

1 reference

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Kainic acid: a powerful neurotoxic analogue of glutamate

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Amino acid transmitters in the mammalian central nervous system

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Glutamic-acid decarboxylase and choline acetylase in Huntington's chorea and Parkinson's disease

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Reduced glutamic-acid-decarboxylase activity of post-mortem brain in Huntington's chorea

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Identification and quantification of kynurenic acid in human brain tissue.

17 June 2018

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https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Presence of Kynurenic Acid in the Mammalian Brain

17 June 2018

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Synthesis of quinolinic acid by 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid oxygenase in rat brain tissue in vitro

17 June 2018

1 reference

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Quinolinic acid effects on amino acid release from the rat cerebral cortex in vitro and in vivo

17 June 2018

1 reference

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A new type of glutamate receptor linked to inositol phospholipid metabolism

17 June 2018

1 reference

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Coupling of inositol phospholipid metabolism with excitatory amino acid recognition sites in rat hippocampus

17 June 2018

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Kynurenic acid antagonises responses to NMDA via an action at the strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

A glycine site associated with N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors: characterization and identification of a new class of antagonists

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Replication of the neurochemical characteristics of Huntington's disease by quinolinic acid

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

A family of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Excitatory amino acid receptors in the brain: membrane binding and receptor autoradiographic approaches

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Modulation of Quinolinic and Kynurenic Acid Content in the Rat Brain: Effects of Endotoxins and Nicotinylalanine

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Astroglial processes around identified glutamatergic synapses contain glutamine synthetase: evidence for transmitter degradation

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Excitatory amino acid antagonists inhibit synaptic responses in the guinea pig hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Human macrophages convert L-tryptophan into the neurotoxin quinolinic acid

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Localization of kynurenine aminotransferase immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampus

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Nicotinylalanine increases the formation of kynurenic acid in the brain and antagonizes convulsions

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Quinolinic acid and kynurenine pathway metabolism in inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological disease

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Heteromeric NMDA receptors: molecular and functional distinction of subtypes

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Structure-activity relations for the neurotoxicity of kainic acid derivatives and glutamate analogues

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Ibotenic acid-induced neuronal degeneration: a morphological and neurochemical study

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Lesion of striatal neurons with kainic acid provides a model for Huntington's chorea

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Increased cortical kynurenate content in schizophrenia

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Anticonvulsant effects of the 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid dioxygenase inhibitor NCR-631.

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Effects of the 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid analogue NCR-631 on anoxia-, IL-1 beta- and LPS-induced hippocampal pyramidal cell loss in vitro

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Quinolinic acid induces disrupts cytoskeletal homeostasis in striatal neurons. Protective role of astrocyte-neuron interaction

17 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Reduction of brain kynurenic acid improves cognitive function.

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

2-Aminonicotinic acid 1-oxides are chemically stable inhibitors of quinolinic acid synthesis in the mammalian brain: a step toward new antiexcitotoxic agents

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Interaction and transport of kynurenic acid via human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

On the antioxidant properties of kynurenic acid: Free radical scavenging activity and inhibition of oxidative stress

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Cortical kynurenic acid bi-directionally modulates prefrontal glutamate levels as assessed by microdialysis and rapid electrochemistry

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

The kynurenine pathway and inflammation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Competitive antagonism between the nicotinic allosteric potentiating ligand galantamine and kynurenic acid at alpha7* nicotinic receptors.

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

In vitro evidence for an antioxidant role of 3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in the brain

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Neostriatal and cortical quinolinate levels are increased in early grade Huntington's disease

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Targeted deletion of the kynurenine aminotransferase ii gene reveals a critical role of endogenous kynurenic acid in the regulation of synaptic transmission via alpha7 nicotinic receptors in the hippocampus.

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Differential effects of bromination on substrates and inhibitors of kynureninase from Pseudomonas fluorescens

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Electrochemical and in vitro evaluation of the redox-properties of kynurenine species

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Immunohistochemical visualization of newly formed quinolinate in the normal and excitotoxically lesioned rat striatum.

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Kynurenine pathway metabolism in human astrocytes: a paradox for neuronal protection

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Presynaptic kynurenate-sensitive receptors inhibit glutamate release

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Quinolinic acid induces oxidative stress in rat brain synaptosomes

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Kynurenine hydroxylase inhibitors reduce ischemic brain damage: studies with (m-nitrobenzoyl)-alanine (mNBA) and 3,4-dimethoxy-[-N-4-(nitrophenyl)thiazol-2yl]-benzenesulfonamide (Ro 61-8048) in models of focal or global brain ischemia

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Quinolinic acid is extruded from the brain by a probenecid-sensitive carrier system: a quantitative analysis

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Chronic exposure of human neurons to quinolinic acid results in neuronal changes consistent with AIDS dementia complex

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

On the production and disposition of quinolinic acid in rat brain and liver slices

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Inhibitors of kynurenine hydroxylase and kynureninase increase cerebral formation of kynurenate and have sedative and anticonvulsant activities

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Quinolinic acid: an endogenous metabolite that produces axon-sparing lesions in rat brain

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Selective retrograde labelling of the rat olivocerebellar climbing fiber system with D-[3H]aspartate

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Comparison of ibotenate and kainate neurotoxicity in rat brain: A histological study

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

The organotypic tissue culture model of corticostriatal system used for examining amino acid neurotoxicity and its antagonism: studies on kainic acid, quinolinic acid and (-) 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Kynurenic acid blocks neurotoxicity and seizures induced in rats by the related brain metabolite quinolinic acid

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Prolonged exposure to submicromolar concentrations of quinolinic acid causes excitotoxic damage in organotypic cultures of rat corticostriatal system

22 August 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=5803753

Direct measurement of glutamate release in the brain using a dual enzyme-based electrochemical sensor

22 August 2018

1 reference

12 December 2020

Modulators of the Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism: Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of (S)-4-(Ethylsulfonyl)benzoylalanine, a Potent and Selective Kynurenine Aminotransferase II (KAT II) Inhibitor

1 reference

12 December 2020

Comparison of the properties of gamma-aminobutyric acid and L-glutamate uptake into synaptic vesicles isolated from rat brain

1 reference

12 December 2020

Glutamate and aspartate binding sites are enriched in synaptic junctions isolated from rat brain

1 reference

12 December 2020

3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid accumulation following administration of the 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3,4-dioxygenase inhibitor NCR-631

1 reference

12 December 2020

Rat brain slices produce and liberate kynurenic acid upon exposure to L-kynurenine

1 reference

12 December 2020

3-Hydroxykynurenine potentiates quinolinate but not NMDA toxicity in the rat striatum

1 reference

12 December 2020

Stimulant and convulsive effects of kynurenines injected into brain ventricles in mice

1 reference

12 December 2020

Quinolinic acid: regional variations in neuronal sensitivity

1 reference

12 December 2020

Cinnabarinic acid generated from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid strongly induces apoptosis in thymocytes through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the induction of caspase

1 reference

12 December 2020

Endogenous kynurenic acid regulates extracellular GABA levels in the rat prefrontal cortex

1 reference

12 December 2020

Comparison of the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects Resulting from the Inhibition of Kynurenine Hydroxylase and/or Kynureninase

1 reference

12 December 2020

10.1016/BS.APHA.2016.01.005

Identifiers

DOI

1 reference

19 February 2018

PMC publication ID

5803753

1 reference

19 February 2018

PubMed publication ID

27288072

1 reference

19 February 2018