Real Crime Stories/Paranormal...

By asoapymessromances

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Profiles of murder, rape and kidnapping real-life stories and paranormal hauntings. More

Murder of a Little Beauty Queen: The JonBenet Ramsey Murder
The Murder of Angela Samota
The Betty Broderick Story
The Murder of Jason Sweeney
The Richardson Family Murders
The Murder of Skylar Neese
The Paisley Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials (Part 1)
The Salem Witch Trials (Part 2)
The Salem Witch Trials (Part 3)
The Salem Witch Trials (Conclusion)
Public Executions & the Psychology of Watching Pain
The Crimes of Death Row Inmate Margaret Allen
Elizabeth Bathory: Blood Countess (Part 1)
Elizabeth Bathory: Blood Countess (Part 2)
Missing Panama Tourists
Crystal Mangum
10 Haunted Places in Washington State
Life & Death of Kurt Cobain (Part I)
Life & Death of Kurt Cobain (Part II)
The Survival Tale of Jennifer Morey
Freeman Family Murder
Lin Family Murders
Life and Crimes of Ted Bundy (Part I)
Life and Crimes of Ted Bundy (Part II)
Life and Crimes of Ted Bundy (Part III)
Life and Crimes of Ted Bundy (Conclusion)
The Mysterious Death of Phoebe Handsjuk
Serial Killer Couples: Karla Homolka & Paul Bernardo
Daniel LaPlante Murders
The Body Farm
Robert Hanssen: FBI Espionage
The Seattle Excedrin Poisonings
The Black Dahlia (Part I)
The Black Dahlia (Part II)
Who Put Bella in the Wych Elm?
The Murders of Tyler Hadley
Faeries: Mythical or Real?
Santa's Dark Helpers
The Lawson Family Murders
The Murder of Adrianne Reynolds
The Gainesville Ripper
The Joshua Ward House
Giles Corey
The Toy-Box Killer
Hinterkaifek Murders
Katherine Knight
Rod Ferrell: Vampire Cult Killer
Lake Bodom Murders
The Night Stalker: Richard Ramirez
Torture (Part I)
Torture (Part II)
Torture (Part III)
Torture (Part IV)
Torture (Part V)
Torture (Part VI)
Torture (Part VII)
Torture (Part VIII)
Torture (Conclusion)
The Sodder Children Disappearances
The Axeman of New Orleans
Helter Skelter: The Life of Charles Manson
The Murders of Joel Rifkin
The Dyatlov Pass Incident
The Coed Killer: Edmund Kemper
The Golden State Killer
The Bridgewater Triangle
The Murder of Laci Peterson
The West Mesa Murders
Fugitive Robert Fisher
Shawn Grate
The Sinking of the SS Princess Sophia
Charles Addams
Franz Mesmer
The Fox Sisters: Medium Spiritualists
Baba Yaga
Category 5 Hurricanes
Kristallnacht
Stede Bonnet: The Gentleman's Pirate
The Mirabal Sisters
Straw Hat Riot of 1922
What Is A War Crime?
Flannen Isle Lighthouse Mystery
Regulator War
The Perdicaris Incident
Life & Trial of Lizzie Borden (Part I)
Life and Trial of Lizzie Borden (Part II)
The Illuminati (Part I)
The Illuminati (Part II)
Cannabis: Harmful or Beneficial (Part I)
Cannabis: Harmful or Beneficial (Part II)
History and Meaning of the Swastika (Part I)
History and Meaning of the Swastika (Part II)
History and Meaning of the Swastika (Part III)
History of Freemasonry (Part I)
History of Freemasonry (Part II)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part I)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part II)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part III)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part IV)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part V)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part VI)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part VII)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part VIII)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part IX)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part X)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part XI)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Part XII)
Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Conclusion)
Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Part I)
Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Part II)
Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Part III)
The Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Part IV)
Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Part V)
Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Part VI)
Catholic Church and Pedophilia (Conclusion)
What Are Crop Circles? (Part I)
What Are Crop Circles? (Part II)
What Are UFOs? (Part I)
What Are UFOs? (Part II)
Cocaine Grandmother: Griselda Blanco
Little Old Lady Killer: Juana Barraza
The Life & Crimes of Bonnie & Clyde
The Life & Crimes of Bonnie & Clyde (Part II)
The Killer on the High Bridge
Tent Girl: Barbara Ann Hackmann Taylor
Serial Killer: Herb Baumeister
Convicted Murderer: Christian Longo
The Disappearance of Kiplyn Davis
Murdered: April Tinsley
L.I.S.K.: The Long Island Serial Killer
The Disappearance of Bethany Decker
Murdered: Lauria Bible and Ashley Freeman
The Green River Killer: Gary Ridgeway (Part I)
The Green River Killer: Gary Ridgeway (Part II)
The Abuse, Torture, and Murder of Sylvia Likens (Part I)
The Abuse, Torture, and Murder of Sylvia Likens (Part II)
Claremont Serial Killings
The Women of Juarez
Serial Killer: Todd Kohlhepp
The Life and Death of Chandra Levy (Part I)
The Life and Death of Chandra Levy (Part II)
Serial Killer: "Bible John"
The Disappearance of Susan Cox Powell
The Disappearance of Maura Murray
The Camm Family Murders
The Oklahoma Girl Scout Murders
The Colonial Parkway Murders
Beauty Queen Killer: Christopher Wilder
The Urban Legend of Slender Man
The Watts Family Murders
The Disappearance of Asha Degree
Fugitive: Bradford Bishop
Fugitive: Yaser Said
The Murder of Robert Wone
The Death of Caylee Anthony: Murder or Accident? (Part I)
The Death of Caylee Anthony: Murder or Accident? (Part II)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part I)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part II)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part III)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part IV)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part V)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part VI)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part VII)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part VIII)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Part IX)
The O. J. Simpson Murder Trial (Conclusion)
1991 Austin Yogurt Shop Murders
The Disappearance of Sneha Philip: Was She a Victim of 9/11?
The Disappearance and Death of Lynn Messer
The Disappearance of Amy Lynn Bradley
The Disappearance and Murder of Jerry Michael Williams
The Death of Kendrick Johnson
The Disappearance of Timmothy Pitzen
The Disappearance of Suzanne Lyall
The Oakland County Child Killings
The Murder of Reyna Marroquin
Phoenix Serial Shooters: Dale Hausner and Samuel Dieteman
Serial Killer: Mary Ann Cotton
Japanese Urban Legends
Fritz Haarmann: The Butcher of Hanover (Part I)
Fritz Haarmann: The Butcher of Hanover (Part II)
Spokane Serial Killer: Robert Lee Yates
The Wineville Chicken Coop Murders: Gordon Stewart Northcott
Ogress of Reading: Amelia Dyer
The Bone Collector: The West Mesa Murders
The Cleveland Torso Murderer: (The Mad Butcher of Kingsbury Run)
The Terminator: Anatoly Onoprienko
The Michigan Murders: Ypsilanti Ripper (John Norman Collins) Part I
The Michigan Murders: Ypsilanti Ripper (John Norman Collins) Part II
The Michigan Murders: Ypsilanti Ripper (John Norman Collins) Part III
The Michigan Murders: Ypsilanti Ripper (John Norman Collins) Conclusion
The Bayou Serial Killer: Ronald Joseph Dominique
Small Sacrifices: Diane Downs (Life, Crimes, Trial, and Incarceration)
The Parachute Murder
The Jodi Arias Trial (Part 1)
The Jodi Arias Trial (Part II)
Linda Riss
Colin Howell

Safety Coffins and Waiting Mortuaries

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By asoapymessromances


A safety coffin or security coffin is a coffin fitted with a mechanism to prevent premature burial or allow the occupant to signal that they have been buried alive. A large number of designs for safety coffins were patented during the 18th and 19th centuries and variations on the idea are still available today.

History

The fear of being buried alive peaked during the cholera epidemics of the 18th and 19th centuries but accounts of unintentional live burial have been recorded even further back. When his tomb was reopened, the philosopher John Dun Scotus (1266 – 1308) was reportedly found outside his coffin with his hands torn and bloody after attempting to escape (although it is possible that this is merely a myth). The fears of being buried alive were heightened by reports of doctors and accounts in literature and the newspapers. As well as dealing with the subject in "The Fall of the House of Usher" and "The Cask of Amontillado", Edgar Allan Poe wrote "The Premature Burial" which was published in 1844. It contained accounts of supposedly genuine cases of premature burial as well as detailing the narrator's own (perceived) interment while still alive.

The general fear of premature burial led to the invention of many safety devices which could be incorporated into coffins. Most consisted of some type of device for communication to the outside world such as a cord attached to a bell that the interred person could ring should they revive after the burial. A safety coffin of this type appears in the 1978 film The First Great Train Robbery and more recently in the 2018 film The Nun. Other variations on the bell included flags and pyrotechnics. Some designs included ladders, escape hatches, and even feeding tubes, but many forgot a method for providing air.

Robert Robinson died in Manchester in 1791. A movable glass pane was inserted in his coffin, and the mausoleum had a door for purposes of inspection by a watchman, who was to see if he breathed on the glass. He instructed his relatives to visit his grave periodically to check that he was still dead.

The first recorded safety coffin was constructed on the orders of Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick before his death in 1792. He had a window installed to allow light in, an air tube to provide a supply of fresh air, and instead of having the lid nailed down he had a lock fitted. In a special pocket of his shroud he had two keys, one for the coffin lid and a second for the tomb door.

P.G. Pessler, a German priest, suggested in 1798 that all coffins have a tube inserted from which a cord would run to the church bells. If an individual had been buried alive they could draw attention to themself by ringing the bells. This idea, while highly impractical, led to the first designs of safety coffins equipped with signalling systems. Pessler's colleague, Pastor Beck, suggested that coffins should have a small trumpet-like tube attached. Each day the local priest could check the state of putrefaction of the corpse by sniffing the odours emanating from the tube. If no odour was detected or the priest heard cries for help the coffin could be dug up and the occupant rescued.

Dr. Adolf Gutsmuth was buried alive several times to demonstrate a safety coffin of his own design, and in 1822 he stayed underground for several hours and even ate a meal of soup, bratwurst, marzipan, sauerkraut, spatzle, beer, and for dessert, prinzregententorte, delivered to him through the coffin's feeding tube.

The 1820s also saw the use of "portable death chambers" in Germany. A small chamber, equipped with a bell for signalling and a window for viewing the body, was constructed over an empty grave. Watchmen would check each day for signs of life or decomposition in each of the chambers. If the bell was rung the "body" could be immediately removed, but if the watchman observed signs of putrefaction in the corpse, a door in the floor of the chamber could be opened and the body would drop down into the grave. A panel could then be slid in to cover the grave and the upper chamber removed and reused.

In 1829, Dr. Johann Gottfried Taberger designed a system using a bell which would alert the cemetery nightwatchman. The corpse would have strings attached to its hands, head and feet. A housing around the bell above ground prevented it ringing accidentally. An improvement over previous designs, the housing prevented rainwater from running down the tube and netting prevented insects from entering the coffin. If the bell rang the watchman had to insert a second tube and pump air into the coffin with a bellows to allow the occupant to survive until the casket could be dug up.

The systems using cords tied to the body suffered from the drawback that the natural processes of decay often caused the body to swell or shift position, causing accidental tension on the cords and a "false positive". Franz Vester's 1868 "Burial Case" overcame this problem by adding a tube through which the face of the "corpse" could be viewed. If the interred person came to, they could ring the bell (if not strong enough to ascend the tube by means of a supplied ladder) and the watchmen could check to see if the person had genuinely returned to life or whether it was merely a movement of the corpse. Vester's design allowed the viewing tube to be removed and reused once death was assured.

Count Michel de Karnice-Karnicki, , a chamberlain to the Tsar of Russia, patented his own safety coffin, called Le Karnice, in 1897 and demonstrated it at the Sorbonne the following year. His design detected movement in the coffin and opened a tube to supply air while simultaneously raising a flag and ringing a bell. Le Karnice never caught on: it was too sensitive to allow for even a slight movement in a decaying corpse, and a demonstration in which one of Karnice-Karnicki's assistants had been buried alive ended badly when the signalling systems failed. Luckily, the breathing tube had activated and the assistant was disinterred unharmed, but the reputation of Le Karnice was damaged beyond repair.

In 1995 a modern safety coffin was patented by Fabrizio Caselli. His design included an emergency alarm, intercom system, a torch (flashlight), breathing apparatus, and both a heart monitor and stimulator.

Despite the fear of burial while still alive, there are no documented cases of anybody being saved by a safety coffin. It is worth noting that the practice of modern day embalming has, for the most part, eliminated the fear of "premature burial", as no one has ever survived that process once completed.

"Saved by the bell" expression

Folk etymology has suggested that perhaps the phrases "saved by the bell", "dead ringer" and "graveyard shift" come from the use of safety coffins in the Victorian era; however, these have been dispelled as urban myth, attributed to a linguistic e-mail hoax Life in the 1500s. The "saved by the bell" expression is actually well established to have come from boxing, where a boxer who is still on their feet but close to being knocked down can be saved from losing by the bell ringing to indicate the end of the round.

In popular culture

The 2009 song "The Tale of Solomon Snell" by Duncan Sheik from his album Whisper House tells the story of a man who for his burial gives instructions to be buried in a safety coffin with a bell mechanism attached but ultimately fails to be saved due to the person in charge of listening to the bell getting drunk.

Waiting Mortuaries

A morgue or mortuary (in a hospital or elsewhere) is used for the storage of human corpses awaiting identification or removal for autopsy or respectful burial, cremation or other method. In modern times corpses have customarily been refrigeration to delay decomposition.

Etymology and lexicology

Mortuary early 14c., from Anglo-French mortuarie "gift to a parish priest from a deceased parishioner," from Medieval Latin mortuarium, noun use of neuter of Late Latin adjective mortuarius "pertaining to the dead," from Latin mortuus, pp. of mori "to die" (see mortal (adj.)). Meaning "place where bodies are kept temporarily" first recorded 1865, a euphemism for earlier English term "deadhouse."

Morgue from the French morgue, which means 'to look at solemnly, to defy'. First used to describe the inner wicket of a prison, where new prisoners were kept so that jailers and turnkeys could recognize them in the future, it took on its modern meaning in fifteenth-century Paris, being used to describe part of the Châtelet used for the storage and identification of unknown corpses.

Morgue is predominantly used in North American English, while mortuary is more common in British English, although both terms are used interchangeably. The euphemisms "Rose Cottage" and "Rainbow's End" are sometimes used in British hospitals to enable discussion in front of patients, the latter mainly for children.

A person responsible for handling and washing bodies is now known as a dinier, morgue attendant, or autopsy technician.

Types of cold chambers

There are two types of mortuary cold chambers:

Positive temperature

Bodies are kept between 2 °C (36 °F) and 4 °C (39 °F). While this is usually used for keeping bodies for up to several weeks, it does not prevent decomposition, which continues at a slower rate than at room temperature.

Negative temperature

Bodies are kept at between −10 °C (14 °F) and −50 °C (−58 °F). Usually used at forensic institutes, particularly when a body has not been identified. At these temperatures the body is completely frozen, and decomposition is significantly reduced but not prevented.

Mortuaries across the globe

In some countries, the body of the deceased is embalmed before disposal, which makes refrigeration unnecessary.

In many countries, the family of the deceased must make the burial within 72 hours (three days) of death, but in some other countries it is usual that burial takes place some weeks or months after the death. This is why some corpses are kept as long as one or two years at a hospital or in a funeral home. When the family has enough money to organize the ceremony, the corpse is taken from the cold chamber for burial.

In some funeral homes, the morgue is in the same room, or directly adjacent to, the specially designed ovens, known as retorts, that is used in funerary cremation. Some religions dictate that, should a body be cremated, the family must witness its incineration. To honor these religious rites, many funeral homes install a viewing window, which allows the family to watch as the body is inserted into the retort. In this way, the family can honor their customs without entering the morgue.

Oversized mortuary fridge spaces have been installed in British hospitals to cope with the increase in obesity.

Waiting mortuary

A waiting mortuary is a mortuary building designed specifically for the purpose of confirming that deceased persons are truly deceased. Prior to the advent of modern methods of verifying death, people feared that they would be buried alive. To alleviate such fears, the recently deceased were housed for a time in waiting mortuaries, where attendants would watch for signs of life. The corpses would be allowed to decompose partially prior to burial. Waiting mortuaries were most popular in 19th-century Germany, and were often large, ornate halls.

A bell was strung to the corpses to alert attendants of any motion. Although there is no documented case of a person being saved from accidental burial in this way, it is sometimes erroneously believed that this was the origin of the phrase "saved by the bell", whilst in fact, the phrase originates from the sport of boxing.

Alternate meanings

In American English:

Morgue is used to refer to the room in which newspapers and magazine publishers keep their back issues and other historical references, as they serve a similar purpose to human morgues.Morgue is used in some science fiction books as the name for the armory aboard ships, when they contain some form of powered armor.Mortuary can also refer to a funeral home.

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