Master Micro’s Post

One of the tricky things for many analog designers is how to map the specs of a feedback amplifier to specs for the OTA itself, i.e., mapping from closed-loop to open-loop. For example, for a given closed-loop bandwidth, static gain error, and phase margin, what specs should go for the OTA itself? One option is simulate the closed-loop amplifier as a whole and keep tweaking it till it works. But this will hide many circuits insights and may lead to wrong and time-wasting design decisions. In these slides I take the ubiquitous capacitive feedback amplifier as an example, and show how this mapping can be done! Enjoy and share your feedback in the comments! Smart students who will find any mistakes in the analysis will receive a free Master Micro ADT license as an award! #mastermicro #adt #mastering_microelectronics #analog #analogdesign #analogicdesign #vlsi #cmos #microelectronics #electronics #engineering #technology #analogquiz

Do you explore the use of ML/AI in analog design? You will need lots of data to train your models. You know what, the Analog Designer's Toolbox (ADT) can help you! ADT can help you generate millions of design points in a matter of seconds, and validate your algorithms for different circuit topologies and across different technologies. ADT is built for analog design #productivity #insights and #future! #mastermicro #adt #mastering_microelectronics #analog #analogdesign #analogicdesign #vlsi #cmos #microelectronics #electronics #engineering #technology #analogquiz #interviewquestions #interviewquestionsandanswers

#day35 #100daysamplifierdesign As I continue my journey through microelectronics, recently I dived into the world of two-stage CMOS op-amps! These tiny machines are the unsung heroes of modern electronics, amplifying signals with precision and accuracy. But what makes them tick? Let's break it down! - Input Stage: The differential pair helps the op-amp understand the difference between two input signals. This stage is crucial for rejecting common-mode noise and ensuring high input impedance. - Output Stage: The gain stage and output design work together to deliver a strong, stable signal. This stage determines the op-amp's overall gain, bandwidth, and slew rate. - Noise Reduction: Special measures are taken to minimize noise and ensure stability. This includes techniques like channel-length modulation, source degeneration, and frequency compensation. By carefully designing and simulating each stage, we can create op-amps that excel in various electronic devices - from phones and computers to medical devices! Attached is a design example of a CMOS two-stage op-amp. Take a closer look and see the magic for yourself! #amplifierdesign #microelectronics #CMOS #opamp #electronics #engineering Pipeloluwa Olayiwola IEEE IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society IEEE Educational Activities Deblina Sarkar Po-Hsuan Wei (魏伯晅) Tiny Tapeout Blue Cheetah Analog Design, Inc.

5 Techniques to Design Low Power Chips in VLSI In today’s world, energy-efficient electronic devices are more important than ever. Whether it’s to extend battery life in mobile devices, reduce energy consumption in data centers, or minimize the environmental impact of electronics, low-power VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) design techniques are crucial. 5 interesting techniques used by VLSI engineers to design low power chips: 1. Voltage Scaling 2. Clock Gating 3. Power Gating 4. Data Compression 5. Energy-Efficient Architectures Want to read the detailed blog post, go to TechoVedas #Lowpower #VLSI #Design

I recently completed a rewarding one-week Short-Term Course on "CMOS/FPGA Implementation of Analog and Digital Systems-2024" at Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT) in New Delhi. The course provided a deep dive into the world of CMOS and FPGA technologies, significantly enhancing my technical skills and broadening my understanding of the future of technology. The curriculum covered a wide range of topics, including: -Designing and architecting Systems-on-Chip (SoC) -Low-power design techniques for Very-Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits -The entire design flow for Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) -High-performance analog circuit design -Integrating digital circuits with CMOS technology -Designing mixed-signal circuits with both analog and digital components -Physical layout considerations and fabrication challenges for chip design This course wasn't just about acquiring knowledge; it opened my eyes to the exciting possibilities in the future of technology. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the organizers, Dr. Urvashi Bansal and Dr. Shweta Gautam, along with all the speakers, for creating such a valuable and enriching learning experience. #NSUT #VLSI #VLSIDesign #CMOS #FPGA #Semiconductor #DigitalDesign #AnalogDesign #ProfessionalDevelopment #CHIPDESIGN #FUTURE #CHIPISFUTURE

#day11 #100daysamplifierdesign TOPOLOGIES OF SINGLE STAGE AMPLIFIERS using BJT and MOS Single-stage amplifiers using BJT and MOS transistors offer various topologies to meet specific requirements. Three Key Topologies: 1. Common Emitter/Source Amplifier: - BJT: High voltage and power gain, ideal for weak signal amplification - MOS: Inverting voltage amplifier 2. Common Base/Gate Amplifier: - BJT: High current gain and low input impedance, suitable for high-frequency applications - MOS: Similar functionality to BJT common base amplifier 3. Common Collector/Drain Amplifier: - BJT: Emitter follower with voltage gain < 1, but high current gain, useful for impedance matching - MOS: Similar functionality to BJT common collector amplifier Understanding the Purpose of Each Topology: - Common Emitter/Source: Voltage gain - Common Base/Gate: Current gain - Common Collector/Drain: Impedance matching Why is this important? Understanding these topologies is crucial for designing efficient single-stage amplifiers using BJT and MOS transistors. By selecting the right amplifier topology, you can optimize your project's performance and achieve your desired outcomes. #electronics #amplifiers #transistors #engineering #tech #technology #OAU Pipeloluwa Olayiwola IEEE IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (CASS) IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society Intel Corporation NVIDIA Tiny Tapeout

#day30 #100daysamplifierdesign Today I delved into the design of current and transresistance amplifiers in MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) technology and I am eager to share my learnings. Current Amplifiers A current amplifier takes an input current and outputs an amplified current, making it a crucial component in sensor interfaces, current-mode signal processing circuits, and driving capacitive loads. The common-source amplifier configuration is typically used, where the input current passes through the transistor's channel and the amplified output current flows through a load resistor connected to the drain terminal. Transresistance/Transimpedance Amplifiers A transresistance amplifier converts an input voltage signal into an output current signal, making it a vital component in photodetection circuits, electrochemical and biochemical sensors, and current-to-voltage converters. The transconductance amplifier configuration is commonly used, where the input voltage is applied to the gate terminal, causing a proportional current to flow through the transistor's channel. The output current is then obtained from the drain terminal. Key Takeaways: - Current amplifiers amplify input current to output an amplified current. - Transresistance amplifiers convert input voltage to output current. - Both types of amplifiers are essential in various applications, including sensor interfaces, signal processing circuits, photodetection circuits, and electrochemical and biochemical sensors. Applications: - Sensor interfaces - Signal processing circuits - Photodetection circuits - Electrochemical and biochemical sensors - Photodiode amplifiers - Current-to-voltage converters Hopefully this post helps anyone to understand the basics of current and transresistance amplifiers in MOS technology #MOS #AmplifierDesign #CurrentAmplifier #electronics #engineering #OAU Pipeloluwa Olayiwola IEEE IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society Po-Hsuan Wei (魏伯晅) Blue Cheetah Analog Design, Inc. ASICSoft

The design of mixed-signal blocks, especially data converter circuits like ADC and DAC, requires a good understanding of basic concepts like specifications of data converters and different topologies and architectures and designing them from the Cmos schematic level to the system level and simulation of data converter circuits. The following tutorial explains  1. FFT analysis of data converters. 2.4-bit binary-weighted current-mode DAC  3.4-bit segmented Current Mode DAC. 4.8-bit Segmented Current Mode DAC. 5.10-bit segmented DAC. 6. Thermometer decoder design 7. Calibration techniques. All concepts are explained very well, and if you find this tutorial helpful, please share, repost, and follow me for more tutorials like this.  credit: Kwang S. Yoon Dept. of EE, Inha University [email protected] #analogdesign #analogdevices #analoglayout #vlsidesign #digitaldesign #semiconductorindustry #Cmosdesign #Circuits #iitmadras #opa #stmicroelectronics #Microelectronics #universityoftoronto #tsmc #iitbombay #isscc #ieeexplore #nvidia #mediatek #tudelft #data Converters # DAC # ADC

#day13 #100daysamplifierdesign The Importance of Emitter/Source Degeneration Resistor in Electronic Circuits As electronics professionals, we know that temperature changes can significantly impact the performance of our circuits. One crucial component that helps mitigate this issue is the emitter/source degeneration resistor. Today, let's dive into its importance, how it makes gain insensitive to temperature, and why it's called degeneration. Importance of Emitter/Source Degeneration Resistor The emitter/source degeneration resistor is a vital component in amplifier circuits using BJTs or FETs. Its primary function is to introduce negative feedback, reducing the gain of the amplifier. This reduction in gain improves linearity, reducing distortion and making the amplifier more robust against temperature changes and power supply fluctuations. Temperature Insensitivity The emitter/source degeneration resistor makes the gain of the amplifier less sensitive to temperature variations. This is because the voltage drop across the degeneration resistor dominates the total voltage drop in the emitter/source circuit, making the biasing conditions less affected by temperature changes. Why "Degeneration"? The term "degeneration" might seem counterintuitive, but it refers to the reduction in gain, which actually improves the overall performance of the amplifier. By "degenerating" the gain, the amplifier operates more linearly and robustly. Comparison of Gain with and without Emitter Degeneration Let's compare the gain of a simple CE/CS amplifier with and without emitter degeneration using simulation. Without Emitter Degeneration: - Gain: 100 - Temperature Sensitivity: High With Emitter Degeneration: - Gain: 50 - Temperature Sensitivity: Low As shown, the amplifier with emitter degeneration has a reduced gain but is much less sensitive to temperature changes. Simulation Results: Check the attached picture to see the simulation results showing the impact of emitter degeneration on the current-voltage characteristics of the amplifier. In conclusion, the emitter/source degeneration resistor is a crucial component in amplifier design, making gain insensitive to temperature and improving overall performance. By understanding its importance and how it works, we can design more robust and reliable electronic circuits. #electronics #amplifierdesign #engineering #OAU Pipeloluwa Olayiwola Tiny Tapeout IEEE IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society IEEE Computer Society IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (CASS)