What are the most common types of processors used in computers?

1 Intel and AMD

Intel and AMD are the two major brands of processors for desktop and laptop computers. They compete with each other in terms of performance, price, and innovation. Intel processors are generally more popular and widely used, especially in the high-end market. AMD processors are often cheaper and offer more cores and threads, which can improve multitasking and gaming. However, both brands have their pros and cons, and the best choice depends on your needs and budget.

2 x86 and x64

x86 and x64 are the two main architectures of processors for computers. Architecture refers to the design and instruction set of a processor, which determines how it communicates with the hardware and software. x86 is the older and more compatible architecture, which supports 32-bit operating systems and applications. x64 is the newer and more powerful architecture, which supports 64-bit operating systems and applications. x64 processors can also run x86 programs, but not vice versa. Most modern processors are x64, which can handle more memory and data than x86.

3 Single-core and multi-core

Single-core and multi-core are the two basic types of processors based on the number of cores they have. A core is a part of a processor that can perform a task independently. A single-core processor has only one core, which means it can only do one thing at a time. A multi-core processor has two or more cores, which means it can do multiple things at a time. Multi-core processors are faster and more efficient than single-core processors, especially for multitasking and heavy applications. However, they also consume more power and generate more heat.

4 Clock speed and cache

Clock speed and cache are two important factors that affect the performance of a processor. Clock speed is the measure of how fast a processor can execute instructions, measured in gigahertz (GHz). A higher clock speed means a faster processor, but it also depends on the architecture and efficiency of the processor. Cache is the memory that a processor uses to store frequently used data and instructions, measured in megabytes (MB) or kilobytes (KB). A larger cache means a processor can access data faster, without having to fetch it from the main memory.

5 Hyper-threading and turbo boost

Hyper-threading and turbo boost are two technologies that enhance the performance of a processor. Hyper-threading is a feature that allows a processor to split each core into two virtual cores, which can run two threads simultaneously. This can increase the efficiency and speed of a processor, especially for applications that use multiple threads. Turbo boost is a feature that allows a processor to increase its clock speed temporarily, when there is enough power and thermal headroom. This can boost the performance of a processor, especially for applications that use a single core.

6 Integrated and dedicated

Integrated and dedicated are the two types of processors based on the presence of a graphics processing unit (GPU). A GPU is a part of a processor that handles graphics and video tasks, such as gaming and rendering. An integrated processor has a built-in GPU, which shares the same memory and resources with the CPU. An integrated processor is cheaper and more energy-efficient, but it has lower graphics performance and quality. A dedicated processor has a separate GPU, which has its own memory and resources. A dedicated processor is more expensive and more power-hungry, but it has higher graphics performance and quality.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?