Misaka Mikoto (also known as Railgun and Bug Zapper) was a great character in the first series (A Certain Magical Index) and makes a strong lead in this parallel series. Many characters and events appear in both series, but this is from Mikoto's point of view. I do wish there was more exposition of her potential relationship with Toma and more interaction with Index.
A Certain Magical Index took place all over the world, but A Certain Scientific Railgun occurs entirely in Academy City. A fair effort has been made to keep events consistent between the two series. It was frustrating that Railgun's biggest contributions were made secret to everyone.
This series has plenty of "fan service" but it is not as obnoxious as it was in Magical Index. The blood and guts has also been scaled back about 90%. This series leaves out the religious fanaticism in Magical Index and focuses on science-fiction and personal relationships.
The animation and art design is quite good. The English voice actors are also very good. The pace is uneven at times. Some of the "slice of life" sections are too slow. The comedy elements are usually funny. There are plenty of strong action sequences. However, the overall plot is generally not as intense feeling as in Magical Index.
In summary, there are flaws, but plenty to like in this science-fiction series.