EMIA-Step

Carbon/Sulfur Analyzer (Tubular Electric Resistance Heating Furnace Model)

The EMIA-Step Carbon/Sulfur Analyzer, which uses a tubular electric resistance heating furnace, offers highly accurate and sensitive analysis. Its variable heating temperature (up to 1450°C) function allows for quantitative analysis by separating it by temperature or humidity as well as whole quantity analysis.

* For samples which is difficult to burn (e.g. ceramics, Ti alloys, etc), we also offer the EMIA-Pro (Entry model) and EMIA-Expert (Flagship High-Accuracy Model).

Read latest news: HORIBA Joins Team Analyzing Bennu Asteroid Samples Collected by the NASA OSIRIS-REx Sample Collector

Segment: Scientific

Division: Carbon/Sulfur & Oxygen/Nitrogen/Hydrogen Analyzers

Manufacturing Company: HORIBA, Ltd.

Greater Accuracy

Proven NDIR Gas Detection Technology

The EMIA-Step Carbon/Sulfur Analyzer uses the infrared method to measure Carbon and Sulfur after combustion in an electric resistance furnace. With HORIBA's renowned Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) measurement capabilities, it can detect carbon ranging from 0.0003 to 6.0% (m/m) and sulfur ranging from 0.0004 to 1.0% (m/m). The analyzer is also equipped with a unique CO detector and can be used for a wide range of inorganic materials, including steel, cokes, catalysts, non-ferrous alloys like aluminum, and lithium-ion battery materials.

Please also refer the Measurement Principle page for the details.

Temperature Control Function

The combustion furnace of the analyzer utilizes a distinctive sealed system, which facilitates efficient combustion of flame-retardant samples through high-pressure oxygenation. The system offers excellent temperature stability, ensuring consistent performance across low and high temperatures. This broadens the range of applications to samples containing substances that are easily decomposed and burned at low temperatures. The decomposition combustion of organic and inorganic matter can be easily observed.

Temperature rise control from 300 °C to 900 °C

Improved Measurement and Maintenance Efficiency

New dust-filter provides easy maintenance capability

The EMIA-Step features a dust-filter mechanism that has been proven effective in high frequency induction heating models. The filter unit collects dust generated by high-temperature combustion to prevent it from adhering to the piping after the combustion furnace. This reduces the adsorption of CO₂ and SO₂ gases by dust and ensures highly accurate and sensitive analyses.

Schematic of tubular electric resistance heating furnace

High Throughput

The EMIA Series can complete one measurement cycle, measurement-display result-cleaning, in 70 seconds (i.e. about 50 samples/hour).

Gas Collection Mode

Our exclusive furnace features a closed structure that enables efficient combustion under high-pressure oxygen and allows for the burning of high melting point materials. This unique furnace design allows Gas Collection analysis, in which small amounts of gases are captured within the furnace and then transferred to the detector for analysis.

More Intuitive Software for Easy Operation

Advanced Operation Software

The EMIA Series features its own proprietary operating software, which has been designed with a focus on ease of use, optimizing layout, operating menus, and functions for enhanced user-friendliness.

Enhanced Operator Assistance

Additionally, the software includes a self-diagnostic monitoring feature to assess the status of connected devices, an alarm function, and three navigators to recommend the most suitable conditions for samples, troubleshoot errors, and alert users to perform maintenance. These features improve daily operation and ensure efficient analysis.

Watch the EMIA Series maintenance video
*The user interface and functionalities of the software for this system are the same with those of EMIA-Pro

Compliance with ISO/ASTM Standards

TestMethods	Title	Carbon	Sulfur
ISO/TR 15349-1:1998	UNALLOYED STEEL — DETERMINATION OF LOW CARBON CONTENT — PART 1: INFRARED ABSORPTION METHOD AFTER COMBUSTION IN AN ELECTRIC RESISTANCE FURNACE (BY PEAK SEPARATION)	✓
ISO/TR 15349-3:1998	Unalloyed steel — Determination of low carbon content — Part 3: Infrared absorption method after combustion in an electric resistance furnace (with preheating)	✓
ASTM E 1019-18	Standard Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques	✓
ASTM E 1587-17	Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Refined Nickel	✓	✓
ASTM E 1941-10 (2016)	Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis	✓
ASTM E 1915-20	Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Metal Bearing Ores and Related Materials for Carbon, Sulfur, and Acid-Base Characteristics	✓
ASTM E 1552-16e	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by High Temperature Combustion and Infrared (IR) Detection or Thermal Conductivity Detection (TCD)		✓
ASTM E 4239-18e1	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion		✓
ASTM E 5016-16	Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Coal and Coke Combustion Residues Using a High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Method with Infrared Absorption		✓
ASTM E 1619-16a	Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black—Sulfur Content		✓

Detection method		NDIR (Non-Dispersive InfraRed)
Required sample amount		1.00 ± 0.10 g
Minimum reading		0.000001% (m/m) for both Carbon and Sulfur
Carbon	Measurement range	0.0003 〜 6.0% (m/m)
	Accuracy (Repeatability)	σn-1 ≦ 0.00015% (m/m) or RSD ≦ 0.75%
Sulfur	Measurement range	0.0004 〜 1.0%（m/m）
	Accuracy (Repeatability)	σn-1 ≦ 0.00020% (m/m） or RSD ≦ 2.00%
Setting temperature range		0 (room temperature) - 1450℃
Dimensions [ W x D x H ]		Combustion unit: 443 × 725 × 710 mm Measurement unit : 271 × 725 × 710 mm
Mass		Combustion unit: 77 kg, Measurement unit : 53 kg
Power		200/220/240 V, 5 kVA *Excluding peripheral devices
Carrier gas		Oxygen: Purity 99.5%, Pressure: 0.30〜0.33 MPa
Operation gas		Nitrogen: Purity 99.5%, Pressure: 0.35〜0.38 MPa *Dry air excluding moisture and oil content can be used as the operation gas only for the standard model
Data processing and operation		PC with Windows® 10
User interface		Touch panel/Keyboard/Mouse

* Windows is a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or
other countries.

Carbon, as a constituent of matter, is broadly classified into organic carbon and inorganic carbon. Organic carbon refers to carbon contained in organic materials, while inorganic carbon refers to elemental carbon and carbonate carbon. The presence of carbonate in a sample taken from an unknown planet indicates the possibility of the presence of water on that planet. Therefore, the determination of carbonate is very important in space science.

Polysilicon, the raw material for silicon wafers, requires strict control of carbon content, which affects its conductivity. As higher purity silicon wafers are required, it is important to understand the amount of carbon contained in polysilicon supplied as a material. However, some carbon is present as carbonate and some is attached as CO2, making it very difficult to distinguish between them and analyze the extremely small amount of carbon.

Can we accurately and quickly measure the amount of carbon contained in the material?

Can free carbon in SiC be rapidly and conveniently quantified?

Sulfer is added in the natural rubber to produce plastic materials. However, it is important to measure the sulfer contained in the rubber to define the chemical and mechanical properties of the final product.

This application note describes the method and conditions to use with the EMIA 820V C/S analyzer to measure cement.

Ferrosilicon is added as a deoxidant and as an alloying element to steel, that require a special low carbon content. The Low Carbon in Ferrosilicon decreases the electrical conductivity and magnetostriction of electrical steels.

Copper in reddish metal, it is malleable, ductile and an extremely good conductor of both heat and electricity. Copper metal is widely used for electrical wiring, water piping, and corrosion resistant parts, either pure or in alloy such as brass and bronze. Carbon and Sulfur are considered as impurities, so it is important to measure and check the Copper purity.

Titanium oxide are used primarily in the production of paints and plastics and are also used in paper, priniting inks, cosmetics, textiles and food stuffs.

The aim of this application note is to explain the determination of organic and inorganic carbon in soils and how to prepare samples to eliminate inorganic carbon (carbonates) in these soils.

Auto Sampler Options for the EMIA/EMGA Elemental Analyzers