Yes and no:
It affects how your mind will comprehend and process language, not how it produces it as you can take time to think it through. If you rush you may make abbreviations however

I personally think that, yes.

Additionally, I think reading at a fairly early age has the potential to counteract it.

Yes, absolutely!
I'll be on my phone for a few seconds in class and start texting a few people or chatting on FA, then after a little while I start to try to do my work, but I can't seem to focus.
Then, after a few seconds, I get back on my phone; almost like an addiction.

Even in real life I've accidentally said "lol", "brb" or "lmao" because I've gotten use to it as my main way of speaking. I guess we've all grown a little to friendly with our phones and the internet and now it's beginning to take over.

I feel it just depends on the person, and whether they take certain writing seriously or just want to take shortcuts