musli

Benchmarks and size comparisons

The following are the results of preliminary benchmarking and should be taken with a big grain of 🧂.

Identifiers which are used in tests:

• dec - Decode a type.
• enc - Encode a type.
• primitives - A small object containing one of each primitive type and a string and a byte array.
• primpacked - Tried to achieve the same goal as primitives, but with a packed layout to support certain zerocopy libraries.
• medium_enum - A moderately sized enum with every kind of supported variant.
• large - A really big and complex struct.
• allocated - A sparse struct which contains fairly plain allocated data like strings and vectors.

The following are one section for each kind of benchmark we perform. They range from “Full features” to more specialized ones like zerocopy comparisons.

• Full features (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Text-based formats (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Fewer features (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Speedy (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Müsli vs rkyv (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Müsli vs zerocopy (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Bitcode derive (Report 📓, Sizes)
• BSON (Report 📓, Sizes)
• Miniserde (Report 📓, Sizes)

Below you’ll also find size comparisons.

Full features

These frameworks provide a fair comparison against Müsli on various areas since they support the same set of features in what types of data they can represent.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

full/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/musli_descriptive	705.13ns ± 0.68ns	703.92ns — 706.57ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage	620.44ns ± 0.49ns	619.55ns — 621.47ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage_packed	15.06ns ± 0.02ns	15.03ns — 15.10ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_value1	317.80ns ± 0.61ns	316.89ns — 319.19ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_wire	578.86ns ± 0.81ns	577.40ns — 580.58ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/postcard	269.58ns ± 0.27ns	269.16ns — 270.19ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/serde_bincode	131.58ns ± 0.09ns	131.42ns — 131.77ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/serde_bitcode	1.28μs ± 1.41ns	1.27μs — 1.28μs	Report 📓
dec/primitives/serde_rmp	345.50ns ± 0.34ns	344.89ns — 346.22ns	Report 📓

full/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/musli_descriptive	852.80ns ± 0.91ns	851.12ns — 854.67ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage	735.16ns ± 0.98ns	733.29ns — 737.12ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage_packed	64.81ns ± 0.06ns	64.71ns — 64.94ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_value1	1.11μs ± 1.47ns	1.10μs — 1.11μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_wire	706.17ns ± 0.75ns	704.76ns — 707.69ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/postcard	431.66ns ± 0.39ns	430.99ns — 432.49ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/serde_bincode	114.55ns ± 0.13ns	114.33ns — 114.85ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/serde_bitcode	3.89μs ± 11.53ns	3.87μs — 3.92μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/serde_rmp	267.70ns ± 0.80ns	266.46ns — 269.51ns	Report 📓

full/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/musli_descriptive	724.49ns ± 0.90ns	722.88ns — 726.39ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage	668.17ns ± 0.75ns	666.75ns — 669.68ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	26.13ns ± 0.03ns	26.08ns — 26.20ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_value1	317.33ns ± 0.31ns	316.80ns — 318.00ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_wire	583.63ns ± 0.38ns	582.95ns — 584.44ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/postcard	262.88ns ± 0.28ns	262.38ns — 263.49ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/serde_bincode	104.11ns ± 0.14ns	103.87ns — 104.42ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/serde_bitcode	1.51μs ± 1.75ns	1.51μs — 1.51μs	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/serde_rmp	404.61ns ± 0.39ns	403.92ns — 405.44ns	Report 📓

full/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/musli_descriptive	762.40ns ± 0.58ns	761.32ns — 763.58ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage	672.17ns ± 1.05ns	670.23ns — 674.36ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	65.90ns ± 0.05ns	65.81ns — 66.00ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_value1	1.46μs ± 1.45ns	1.46μs — 1.46μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_wire	652.75ns ± 0.76ns	651.31ns — 654.27ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/postcard	432.03ns ± 0.38ns	431.36ns — 432.83ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/serde_bincode	126.63ns ± 0.13ns	126.41ns — 126.92ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/serde_bitcode	4.47μs ± 11.24ns	4.46μs — 4.50μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/serde_rmp	327.06ns ± 0.32ns	326.49ns — 327.74ns	Report 📓

full/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.64μs ± 1.44ns	1.63μs — 1.64μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.44μs ± 2.16ns	1.44μs — 1.44μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	486.51ns ± 0.47ns	485.63ns — 487.47ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_value1	821.66ns ± 0.63ns	820.51ns — 822.98ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.38μs ± 1.13ns	1.38μs — 1.38μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/postcard	1.18μs ± 1.42ns	1.18μs — 1.18μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/serde_bincode	945.97ns ± 0.81ns	944.49ns — 947.65ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/serde_bitcode	9.49μs ± 13.96ns	9.47μs — 9.52μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/serde_rmp	2.32μs ± 2.16ns	2.31μs — 2.32μs	Report 📓

full/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.46μs ± 1.01ns	1.46μs — 1.46μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.19μs ± 1.07ns	1.18μs — 1.19μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	271.40ns ± 0.36ns	270.75ns — 272.17ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_value1	3.17μs ± 3.62ns	3.16μs — 3.18μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.19μs ± 1.91ns	1.19μs — 1.20μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/postcard	896.65ns ± 1.15ns	894.69ns — 899.17ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/serde_bincode	314.74ns ± 0.31ns	314.19ns — 315.40ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/serde_bitcode	12.86μs ± 17.91ns	12.83μs — 12.90μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/serde_rmp	722.79ns ± 1.18ns	720.84ns — 725.41ns	Report 📓

full/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/musli_descriptive	241.21μs ± 248.53ns	240.78μs — 241.75μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage	192.22μs ± 325.19ns	191.66μs — 192.93μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage_packed	50.92μs ± 55.35ns	50.82μs — 51.04μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_value1	134.58μs ± 785.59ns	132.99μs — 136.08μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_wire	223.85μs ± 263.74ns	223.41μs — 224.43μs	Report 📓
dec/large/postcard	89.19μs ± 94.44ns	89.03μs — 89.40μs	Report 📓
dec/large/serde_bincode	68.29μs ± 135.08ns	68.09μs — 68.60μs	Report 📓
dec/large/serde_bitcode	101.15μs ± 199.03ns	100.82μs — 101.59μs	Report 📓
dec/large/serde_rmp	223.52μs ± 334.52ns	222.94μs — 224.25μs	Report 📓

full/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/musli_descriptive	165.24μs ± 233.54ns	164.86μs — 165.76μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage	132.96μs ± 146.78ns	132.69μs — 133.27μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage_packed	32.19μs ± 53.34ns	32.11μs — 32.31μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_value1	733.10μs ± 1.45μs	730.98μs — 736.43μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_wire	140.11μs ± 174.82ns	139.85μs — 140.52μs	Report 📓
enc/large/postcard	113.16μs ± 283.80ns	112.69μs — 113.79μs	Report 📓
enc/large/serde_bincode	42.52μs ± 55.87ns	42.43μs — 42.65μs	Report 📓
enc/large/serde_bitcode	109.59μs ± 183.48ns	109.28μs — 109.99μs	Report 📓
enc/large/serde_rmp	155.17μs ± 162.03ns	154.88μs — 155.51μs	Report 📓

full/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/musli_descriptive	3.42μs ± 5.36ns	3.41μs — 3.43μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage	3.28μs ± 4.14ns	3.27μs — 3.29μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage_packed	2.41μs ± 2.36ns	2.40μs — 2.41μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_value1	2.13μs ± 2.35ns	2.13μs — 2.14μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_wire	3.29μs ± 3.54ns	3.29μs — 3.30μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/postcard	3.43μs ± 4.58ns	3.42μs — 3.44μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/serde_bincode	3.28μs ± 3.47ns	3.28μs — 3.29μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/serde_bitcode	6.13μs ± 5.22ns	6.12μs — 6.14μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/serde_rmp	4.20μs ± 4.43ns	4.19μs — 4.21μs	Report 📓

full/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/musli_descriptive	719.64ns ± 0.76ns	718.25ns — 721.23ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage	672.26ns ± 0.86ns	670.68ns — 674.03ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage_packed	249.03ns ± 0.26ns	248.57ns — 249.59ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_value1	2.53μs ± 3.77ns	2.52μs — 2.54μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_wire	646.95ns ± 0.78ns	645.52ns — 648.58ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/postcard	1.32μs ± 1.28ns	1.31μs — 1.32μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/serde_bincode	390.27ns ± 0.41ns	389.52ns — 391.10ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/serde_bitcode	8.62μs ± 11.98ns	8.60μs — 8.64μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/serde_rmp	777.01ns ± 0.63ns	775.94ns — 778.37ns	Report 📓

Text-based formats

These are text-based formats, which support the full feature set of this test suite.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

text/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/musli_json	4.49μs ± 6.34ns	4.48μs — 4.50μs	Report 📓
dec/primitives/serde_json	4.38μs ± 6.54ns	4.37μs — 4.39μs	Report 📓

text/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/musli_json	1.23μs ± 0.88ns	1.22μs — 1.23μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/serde_json	1.31μs ± 1.93ns	1.31μs — 1.31μs	Report 📓

text/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/musli_json	5.25μs ± 5.63ns	5.24μs — 5.26μs	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/serde_json	4.82μs ± 6.24ns	4.80μs — 4.83μs	Report 📓

text/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/musli_json	1.24μs ± 1.65ns	1.24μs — 1.25μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/serde_json	1.38μs ± 1.06ns	1.38μs — 1.39μs	Report 📓

text/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/musli_json	9.59μs ± 10.38ns	9.58μs — 9.62μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/serde_json	8.10μs ± 13.36ns	8.08μs — 8.13μs	Report 📓

text/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/musli_json	2.74μs ± 3.79ns	2.74μs — 2.75μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/serde_json	2.55μs ± 1.88ns	2.54μs — 2.55μs	Report 📓

text/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/musli_json	1.15ms ± 1.59μs	1.14ms — 1.15ms	Report 📓
dec/large/serde_json	771.78μs ± 824.55ns	770.51μs — 773.65μs	Report 📓

text/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/musli_json	275.49μs ± 263.66ns	275.06μs — 276.08μs	Report 📓
enc/large/serde_json	310.71μs ± 332.68ns	310.16μs — 311.45μs	Report 📓

text/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/musli_json	10.71μs ± 13.01ns	10.69μs — 10.74μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/serde_json	7.70μs ± 7.57ns	7.69μs — 7.72μs	Report 📓

text/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/musli_json	2.40μs ± 2.76ns	2.40μs — 2.41μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/serde_json	2.45μs ± 3.40ns	2.44μs — 2.45μs	Report 📓

Fewer features

Missing features:

• 128 - 128-bit integers are not supported.
• map - Maps like MashMap<K, V> are not supported.

This is a suite where support for 128-bit integers and maps are disabled. Usually because the underlying framework lacks support for them.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

fewer/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/musli_descriptive	556.17ns ± 0.64ns	555.09ns — 557.57ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage	482.20ns ± 0.49ns	481.27ns — 483.19ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage_packed	11.57ns ± 0.01ns	11.55ns — 11.60ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_value1	282.57ns ± 0.33ns	281.97ns — 283.26ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_wire	434.80ns ± 0.49ns	433.89ns — 435.82ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/serde_cbor	1.69μs ± 1.55ns	1.69μs — 1.70μs	Report 📓

fewer/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/musli_descriptive	504.34ns ± 0.48ns	503.44ns — 505.30ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage	394.62ns ± 0.53ns	393.69ns — 395.75ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage_packed	53.12ns ± 0.06ns	53.02ns — 53.24ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_value1	1.04μs ± 1.70ns	1.04μs — 1.04μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_wire	376.33ns ± 0.85ns	374.73ns — 378.08ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/serde_cbor	428.49ns ± 0.30ns	427.96ns — 429.13ns	Report 📓

fewer/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/musli_descriptive	572.07ns ± 0.58ns	571.17ns — 573.40ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage	507.27ns ± 0.54ns	506.28ns — 508.41ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	22.18ns ± 0.02ns	22.13ns — 22.23ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_value1	285.22ns ± 0.24ns	284.80ns — 285.73ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_wire	478.54ns ± 0.41ns	477.80ns — 479.42ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/serde_cbor	1.81μs ± 3.34ns	1.80μs — 1.81μs	Report 📓

fewer/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/musli_descriptive	459.74ns ± 0.51ns	458.76ns — 460.75ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage	338.64ns ± 0.59ns	337.51ns — 339.81ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	57.22ns ± 0.05ns	57.13ns — 57.33ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_value1	1.20μs ± 1.62ns	1.19μs — 1.20μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_wire	337.93ns ± 0.38ns	337.22ns — 338.71ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/serde_cbor	488.22ns ± 0.51ns	487.30ns — 489.29ns	Report 📓

fewer/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.48μs ± 2.66ns	1.47μs — 1.48μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.26μs ± 1.16ns	1.26μs — 1.27μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	467.89ns ± 0.63ns	466.80ns — 469.24ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_value1	793.88ns ± 0.80ns	792.63ns — 795.69ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.27μs ± 1.36ns	1.27μs — 1.27μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/serde_cbor	4.71μs ± 5.14ns	4.70μs — 4.72μs	Report 📓

fewer/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.17μs ± 1.62ns	1.17μs — 1.17μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage	831.65ns ± 0.71ns	830.40ns — 833.15ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	274.81ns ± 0.23ns	274.39ns — 275.29ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_value1	3.05μs ± 2.49ns	3.04μs — 3.05μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_wire	877.66ns ± 0.96ns	876.01ns — 879.75ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/serde_cbor	1.03μs ± 0.92ns	1.03μs — 1.03μs	Report 📓

fewer/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/musli_descriptive	252.05μs ± 382.91ns	251.40μs — 252.88μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage	201.21μs ± 213.20ns	200.84μs — 201.67μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage_packed	43.15μs ± 37.90ns	43.08μs — 43.23μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_value1	129.12μs ± 265.71ns	128.64μs — 129.68μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_wire	227.62μs ± 268.40ns	227.17μs — 228.21μs	Report 📓
dec/large/serde_cbor	572.42μs ± 560.26ns	571.43μs — 573.61μs	Report 📓

fewer/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/musli_descriptive	187.21μs ± 154.31ns	186.95μs — 187.55μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage	144.98μs ± 137.66ns	144.74μs — 145.28μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage_packed	33.94μs ± 27.59ns	33.89μs — 34.00μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_value1	768.44μs ± 1.13μs	766.50μs — 770.90μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_wire	155.09μs ± 146.82ns	154.83μs — 155.40μs	Report 📓
enc/large/serde_cbor	172.07μs ± 248.19ns	171.66μs — 172.63μs	Report 📓

fewer/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/musli_descriptive	2.49μs ± 2.64ns	2.48μs — 2.49μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage	2.26μs ± 2.34ns	2.26μs — 2.27μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage_packed	1.75μs ± 2.66ns	1.75μs — 1.76μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_value1	1.46μs ± 1.76ns	1.46μs — 1.47μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_wire	2.38μs ± 4.21ns	2.37μs — 2.39μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/serde_cbor	5.08μs ± 5.04ns	5.07μs — 5.09μs	Report 📓

fewer/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/musli_descriptive	540.83ns ± 0.72ns	539.51ns — 542.31ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage	482.25ns ± 0.49ns	481.36ns — 483.26ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage_packed	212.04ns ± 0.22ns	211.62ns — 212.50ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_value1	1.96μs ± 2.54ns	1.95μs — 1.96μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_wire	439.35ns ± 0.40ns	438.62ns — 440.20ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/serde_cbor	656.73ns ± 0.71ns	655.63ns — 658.35ns	Report 📓

Speedy

Missing features:

• isize - isize types are not supported.
• cstring - CString’s are not supported.

This is a test suite for speedy features.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

speedy/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/musli_descriptive	645.23ns ± 0.54ns	644.24ns — 646.36ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage	567.66ns ± 0.62ns	566.61ns — 569.00ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage_packed	15.97ns ± 0.02ns	15.94ns — 16.01ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_value1	291.99ns ± 0.41ns	291.37ns — 292.92ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_wire	544.75ns ± 0.89ns	543.20ns — 546.66ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/speedy	17.79ns ± 0.02ns	17.75ns — 17.84ns	Report 📓

speedy/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/musli_descriptive	811.75ns ± 1.04ns	810.01ns — 814.06ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage	704.97ns ± 0.64ns	703.87ns — 706.34ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage_packed	59.22ns ± 0.08ns	59.10ns — 59.39ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_value1	1.06μs ± 1.13ns	1.06μs — 1.06μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_wire	659.38ns ± 0.76ns	658.04ns — 661.01ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/speedy	16.16ns ± 0.01ns	16.13ns — 16.19ns	Report 📓

speedy/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/musli_descriptive	703.62ns ± 0.72ns	702.32ns — 705.12ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage	635.76ns ± 0.68ns	634.52ns — 637.17ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	23.59ns ± 0.02ns	23.55ns — 23.62ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_value1	303.91ns ± 0.29ns	303.39ns — 304.52ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_wire	573.08ns ± 0.51ns	572.16ns — 574.14ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/speedy	20.82ns ± 0.03ns	20.76ns — 20.89ns	Report 📓

speedy/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/musli_descriptive	772.31ns ± 0.99ns	770.49ns — 774.37ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage	650.85ns ± 0.76ns	649.42ns — 652.41ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	62.85ns ± 0.07ns	62.72ns — 63.00ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_value1	1.22μs ± 1.47ns	1.21μs — 1.22μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_wire	652.02ns ± 0.69ns	650.73ns — 653.43ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/speedy	16.84ns ± 0.02ns	16.80ns — 16.88ns	Report 📓

speedy/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.59μs ± 1.69ns	1.58μs — 1.59μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.46μs ± 1.40ns	1.45μs — 1.46μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	547.54ns ± 0.41ns	546.76ns — 548.38ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_value1	792.47ns ± 1.14ns	790.49ns — 794.94ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.36μs ± 2.50ns	1.36μs — 1.37μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/speedy	584.92ns ± 0.67ns	583.72ns — 586.34ns	Report 📓

speedy/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.41μs ± 1.71ns	1.41μs — 1.42μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.16μs ± 1.32ns	1.15μs — 1.16μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	260.63ns ± 0.19ns	260.29ns — 261.04ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_value1	3.01μs ± 3.75ns	3.00μs — 3.02μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.13μs ± 1.00ns	1.13μs — 1.13μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/speedy	306.29ns ± 0.34ns	305.63ns — 306.96ns	Report 📓

speedy/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/musli_descriptive	275.14μs ± 269.03ns	274.70μs — 275.74μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage	221.42μs ± 224.02ns	221.04μs — 221.91μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage_packed	77.15μs ± 103.65ns	76.97μs — 77.37μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_value1	140.34μs ± 524.34ns	139.43μs — 141.48μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_wire	256.28μs ± 305.00ns	255.81μs — 256.98μs	Report 📓
dec/large/speedy	71.17μs ± 81.37ns	71.03μs — 71.35μs	Report 📓

speedy/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/musli_descriptive	178.12μs ± 173.96ns	177.82μs — 178.50μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage	145.74μs ± 164.49ns	145.46μs — 146.10μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage_packed	34.03μs ± 35.37ns	33.97μs — 34.11μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_value1	733.26μs ± 2.38μs	729.08μs — 738.38μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_wire	152.38μs ± 144.34ns	152.14μs — 152.70μs	Report 📓
enc/large/speedy	20.39μs ± 21.12ns	20.35μs — 20.43μs	Report 📓

speedy/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/musli_descriptive	3.80μs ± 5.79ns	3.79μs — 3.81μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage	3.36μs ± 3.76ns	3.35μs — 3.37μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage_packed	2.79μs ± 2.99ns	2.78μs — 2.79μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_value1	1.94μs ± 2.47ns	1.94μs — 1.95μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_wire	3.60μs ± 4.04ns	3.59μs — 3.61μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/speedy	3.36μs ± 4.75ns	3.35μs — 3.37μs	Report 📓

speedy/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/musli_descriptive	723.32ns ± 1.39ns	721.10ns — 726.43ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage	653.26ns ± 0.92ns	651.63ns — 655.24ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage_packed	239.87ns ± 0.39ns	239.15ns — 240.66ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_value1	2.32μs ± 3.05ns	2.31μs — 2.33μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_wire	644.96ns ± 0.64ns	643.73ns — 646.25ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/speedy	503.87ns ± 0.59ns	502.74ns — 505.05ns	Report 📓

Müsli vs rkyv

Missing features:

• cstring - CString’s are not supported.
• map - Maps like MashMap<K, V> are not supported.
• set - Sets like HashSet<T> are not supported.
• tuple - Tuples like (u32, u32) are not supported.
• usize - usize types are not supported.
• isize - isize types are not supported.

Comparison between musli-zerocopy and rkyv.

Note that musli-zerocopy only supports the primitives benchmark.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

zerocopy-rkyv/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/musli_zerocopy	4.00ns ± 0.00ns	4.00ns — 4.01ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/rkyv	14.62ns ± 0.02ns	14.59ns — 14.66ns	Report 📓

zerocopy-rkyv/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/musli_zerocopy	20.08ns ± 0.03ns	20.04ns — 20.14ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/rkyv	32.57ns ± 0.03ns	32.51ns — 32.64ns	Report 📓

zerocopy-rkyv/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/musli_zerocopy	2.65ns ± 0.00ns	2.65ns — 2.66ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/rkyv	14.20ns ± 0.01ns	14.18ns — 14.23ns	Report 📓

zerocopy-rkyv/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/musli_zerocopy	16.81ns ± 0.01ns	16.78ns — 16.84ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/rkyv	33.24ns ± 0.05ns	33.17ns — 33.36ns	Report 📓

Müsli vs zerocopy

Compares musli-zerocopy with zerocopy.

Note that zerocopy only supports packed primitives, so we’re only comparing with that suite.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

zerocopy-zerocopy/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/musli_zerocopy	2.66ns ± 0.00ns	2.65ns — 2.66ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/zerocopy	6.64ns ± 0.01ns	6.63ns — 6.65ns	Report 📓

zerocopy-zerocopy/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/musli_zerocopy	17.85ns ± 0.02ns	17.83ns — 17.89ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/zerocopy	8.42ns ± 0.01ns	8.40ns — 8.44ns	Report 📓

Bitcode derive

Missing features:

• cstring - CString’s are not supported.

Uses a custom derive-based framework which does not support everything Müsli and serde does.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

bitcode-derive/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/derive_bitcode	251.71ns ± 0.37ns	251.07ns — 252.50ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_descriptive	719.42ns ± 0.62ns	718.26ns — 720.67ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage	637.39ns ± 0.83ns	635.87ns — 639.11ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage_packed	13.36ns ± 0.01ns	13.34ns — 13.39ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_wire	578.82ns ± 0.49ns	577.94ns — 579.85ns	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/derive_bitcode	1.30μs ± 1.67ns	1.30μs — 1.31μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_descriptive	876.29ns ± 1.06ns	874.31ns — 878.44ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage	769.70ns ± 0.82ns	768.28ns — 771.46ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage_packed	61.91ns ± 0.04ns	61.84ns — 62.00ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_wire	696.10ns ± 0.76ns	694.74ns — 697.69ns	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/derive_bitcode	250.14ns ± 0.24ns	249.71ns — 250.64ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_descriptive	726.97ns ± 0.84ns	725.50ns — 728.78ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage	671.99ns ± 1.20ns	669.82ns — 674.51ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	26.11ns ± 0.02ns	26.07ns — 26.15ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_wire	576.13ns ± 0.69ns	575.01ns — 577.69ns	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/derive_bitcode	1.31μs ± 1.38ns	1.30μs — 1.31μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_descriptive	781.25ns ± 0.81ns	779.74ns — 782.91ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage	666.80ns ± 1.11ns	664.71ns — 669.08ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	66.07ns ± 0.08ns	65.93ns — 66.24ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_wire	652.96ns ± 0.61ns	651.81ns — 654.21ns	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/derive_bitcode	3.27μs ± 3.68ns	3.27μs — 3.28μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.83μs ± 2.37ns	1.82μs — 1.83μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.62μs ± 1.60ns	1.62μs — 1.62μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	697.13ns ± 1.09ns	695.35ns — 699.57ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.56μs ± 1.75ns	1.55μs — 1.56μs	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/derive_bitcode	13.59μs ± 15.90ns	13.56μs — 13.62μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.49μs ± 1.50ns	1.48μs — 1.49μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage	1.20μs ± 1.76ns	1.19μs — 1.20μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	267.76ns ± 0.34ns	267.23ns — 268.54ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_wire	1.20μs ± 1.12ns	1.20μs — 1.20μs	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/derive_bitcode	33.22μs ± 47.17ns	33.13μs — 33.32μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_descriptive	245.52μs ± 317.73ns	245.03μs — 246.24μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage	196.62μs ± 162.48ns	196.33μs — 196.96μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage_packed	55.60μs ± 49.59ns	55.51μs — 55.71μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_wire	228.42μs ± 273.79ns	227.92μs — 228.99μs	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/derive_bitcode	86.17μs ± 203.41ns	85.83μs — 86.62μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_descriptive	171.23μs ± 238.98ns	170.82μs — 171.75μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage	135.60μs ± 183.85ns	135.34μs — 136.02μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage_packed	32.24μs ± 79.88ns	32.11μs — 32.42μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_wire	144.95μs ± 203.81ns	144.61μs — 145.40μs	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/derive_bitcode	3.93μs ± 5.10ns	3.92μs — 3.94μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_descriptive	3.70μs ± 3.76ns	3.69μs — 3.71μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage	3.48μs ± 3.74ns	3.47μs — 3.49μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage_packed	2.84μs ± 2.69ns	2.83μs — 2.84μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_wire	3.65μs ± 3.01ns	3.65μs — 3.66μs	Report 📓

bitcode-derive/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/derive_bitcode	7.28μs ± 11.43ns	7.26μs — 7.30μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_descriptive	698.53ns ± 0.52ns	697.61ns — 699.65ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage	763.17ns ± 0.60ns	762.21ns — 764.52ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage_packed	243.30ns ± 0.32ns	242.71ns — 243.96ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_wire	636.03ns ± 0.99ns	634.20ns — 638.07ns	Report 📓

BSON

Missing features:

• 128 - 128-bit integers are not supported.
• u64 - Format is limited to the bounds of signed 64-bit integers.
• empty - Empty variants are not supported.
• newtype - Newtype variants are not supported.
• number-key - Maps with numerical keys like HashMap<u32, T> are not supported.

Specific comparison to BSON, because the format is limited in capabilities.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

bson/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/bson2	2.99μs ± 3.00ns	2.99μs — 3.00μs	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_descriptive	542.67ns ± 0.51ns	541.76ns — 543.77ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage	464.96ns ± 0.55ns	463.94ns — 466.11ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_storage_packed	11.51ns ± 0.01ns	11.49ns — 11.53ns	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_wire	423.77ns ± 0.50ns	422.92ns — 424.88ns	Report 📓

bson/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/bson2	1.35μs ± 1.17ns	1.34μs — 1.35μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_descriptive	488.60ns ± 0.61ns	487.51ns — 489.91ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage	380.33ns ± 0.30ns	379.79ns — 380.97ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_storage_packed	53.04ns ± 0.04ns	52.97ns — 53.12ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_wire	355.11ns ± 0.53ns	354.10ns — 356.18ns	Report 📓

bson/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/bson2	3.87μs ± 5.67ns	3.86μs — 3.89μs	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_descriptive	571.88ns ± 0.54ns	570.91ns — 573.03ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage	502.21ns ± 0.65ns	501.04ns — 503.57ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	22.17ns ± 0.01ns	22.14ns — 22.20ns	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_wire	485.25ns ± 0.52ns	484.33ns — 486.34ns	Report 📓

bson/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/bson2	2.47μs ± 3.75ns	2.47μs — 2.48μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_descriptive	463.05ns ± 0.65ns	461.82ns — 464.39ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage	340.03ns ± 0.68ns	338.72ns — 341.37ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_storage_packed	57.46ns ± 0.06ns	57.35ns — 57.59ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_wire	331.83ns ± 0.45ns	331.06ns — 332.80ns	Report 📓

bson/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/bson2	8.01μs ± 7.51ns	8.00μs — 8.03μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	1.17μs ± 1.66ns	1.16μs — 1.17μs	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage	988.83ns ± 1.67ns	985.83ns — 992.34ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	313.01ns ± 0.33ns	312.41ns — 313.71ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_wire	963.99ns ± 1.04ns	962.17ns — 966.24ns	Report 📓

bson/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/bson2	5.35μs ± 13.13ns	5.33μs — 5.38μs	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_descriptive	946.58ns ± 0.92ns	944.88ns — 948.46ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage	715.58ns ± 0.94ns	713.81ns — 717.51ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_storage_packed	205.16ns ± 0.17ns	204.86ns — 205.53ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_wire	715.62ns ± 0.73ns	714.30ns — 717.14ns	Report 📓

bson/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/bson2	1.77ms ± 941.03ns	1.77ms — 1.77ms	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_descriptive	311.75μs ± 279.76ns	311.26μs — 312.35μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage	253.46μs ± 262.60ns	252.99μs — 254.02μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_storage_packed	86.13μs ± 109.72ns	85.94μs — 86.37μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_wire	293.71μs ± 250.58ns	293.25μs — 294.23μs	Report 📓

bson/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/bson2	964.91μs ± 1.34μs	962.60μs — 967.83μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_descriptive	206.30μs ± 243.15ns	205.94μs — 206.86μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage	159.45μs ± 189.18ns	159.11μs — 159.85μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_storage_packed	40.50μs ± 53.73ns	40.42μs — 40.62μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_wire	168.04μs ± 165.88ns	167.77μs — 168.41μs	Report 📓

bson/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/bson2	7.68μs ± 9.38ns	7.66μs — 7.70μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_descriptive	3.12μs ± 3.27ns	3.11μs — 3.12μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage	2.91μs ± 3.37ns	2.91μs — 2.92μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_storage_packed	2.49μs ± 2.74ns	2.49μs — 2.50μs	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_wire	2.99μs ± 2.70ns	2.99μs — 3.00μs	Report 📓

bson/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/bson2	2.64μs ± 4.87ns	2.63μs — 2.65μs	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_descriptive	466.24ns ± 0.56ns	465.24ns — 467.44ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage	416.24ns ± 0.39ns	415.54ns — 417.07ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_storage_packed	202.33ns ± 0.23ns	201.92ns — 202.84ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_wire	377.35ns ± 0.50ns	376.37ns — 378.35ns	Report 📓

Miniserde

Missing features:

• cstring - CString’s are not supported.
• btree
• map - Maps like MashMap<K, V> are not supported.
• set - Sets like HashSet<T> are not supported.
• nonunit-variant - Only empty unit variants are supported.
• 128 - 128-bit integers are not supported.
• char - Character types like char are not supported.
• tuple - Tuples like (u32, u32) are not supported.
• binary-equality - Values are not preserved exactly when serialized and deserialized. Such as floating point values, even when they are exact.

An experimental framework which only supports JSON and a limited number of Rust types.

More:

• Report 📓
• Sizes

miniserde/dec/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primitives/miniserde	2.11μs ± 2.13ns	2.11μs — 2.12μs	Report 📓
dec/primitives/musli_json	2.80μs ± 2.77ns	2.79μs — 2.80μs	Report 📓
dec/primitives/serde_json	2.20μs ± 2.16ns	2.20μs — 2.21μs	Report 📓

miniserde/enc/primitives Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primitives/miniserde	2.49μs ± 3.15ns	2.48μs — 2.49μs	Report 📓
enc/primitives/musli_json	808.11ns ± 1.23ns	805.86ns — 810.68ns	Report 📓
enc/primitives/serde_json	958.47ns ± 1.18ns	956.34ns — 960.95ns	Report 📓

miniserde/dec/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/primpacked/miniserde	2.84μs ± 2.41ns	2.84μs — 2.85μs	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/musli_json	3.96μs ± 3.33ns	3.95μs — 3.97μs	Report 📓
dec/primpacked/serde_json	2.83μs ± 3.10ns	2.82μs — 2.83μs	Report 📓

miniserde/enc/primpacked Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/primpacked/miniserde	2.97μs ± 2.37ns	2.97μs — 2.98μs	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/musli_json	932.31ns ± 0.91ns	930.73ns — 934.29ns	Report 📓
enc/primpacked/serde_json	1.13μs ± 1.12ns	1.13μs — 1.13μs	Report 📓

miniserde/dec/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/medium_enum/miniserde	67.84ns ± 0.11ns	67.65ns — 68.08ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/musli_json	54.99ns ± 0.05ns	54.91ns — 55.10ns	Report 📓
dec/medium_enum/serde_json	73.91ns ± 0.06ns	73.80ns — 74.04ns	Report 📓

miniserde/enc/medium_enum Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/medium_enum/miniserde	97.14ns ± 0.10ns	96.96ns — 97.36ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/musli_json	24.80ns ± 0.02ns	24.76ns — 24.85ns	Report 📓
enc/medium_enum/serde_json	28.87ns ± 0.02ns	28.84ns — 28.91ns	Report 📓

miniserde/dec/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/large/miniserde	188.14μs ± 191.41ns	187.79μs — 188.54μs	Report 📓
dec/large/musli_json	276.46μs ± 260.96ns	276.02μs — 277.03μs	Report 📓
dec/large/serde_json	219.08μs ± 322.68ns	218.55μs — 219.79μs	Report 📓

miniserde/enc/large Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/large/miniserde	150.20μs ± 123.58ns	149.99μs — 150.47μs	Report 📓
enc/large/musli_json	78.67μs ± 78.10ns	78.54μs — 78.84μs	Report 📓
enc/large/serde_json	93.82μs ± 153.01ns	93.55μs — 94.15μs	Report 📓

miniserde/dec/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
dec/allocated/miniserde	571.01ns ± 0.72ns	569.73ns — 572.52ns	Report 📓
dec/allocated/musli_json	543.83ns ± 0.63ns	542.67ns — 545.11ns	Report 📓
dec/allocated/serde_json	400.35ns ± 0.34ns	399.73ns — 401.07ns	Report 📓

miniserde/enc/allocated Report 📓

Group	Mean	Interval	Link
enc/allocated/miniserde	661.84ns ± 0.85ns	660.32ns — 663.63ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/musli_json	135.60ns ± 0.10ns	135.41ns — 135.81ns	Report 📓
enc/allocated/serde_json	150.63ns ± 0.19ns	150.31ns — 151.05ns	Report 📓

Size comparisons

This is not yet an area which has received much focus, but because people are bound to ask the following section performs a raw size comparison between different formats. Each test suite serializes a collection of values, which have all been randomly populated.

• A small object containing one of each primitive type and a string and a byte array. (primitives)
• Tried to achieve the same goal as primitives, but with a packed layout to support certain zerocopy libraries. (primpacked)
• A moderately sized enum with every kind of supported variant. (medium_enum)
• A really big and complex struct. (large)
• A sparse struct which contains fairly plain allocated data like strings and vectors. (allocated)

Note so far these are all synthetic examples. Real world data is rarely this random. But hopefully it should give an idea of the extreme ranges.

Full features sizes

These frameworks provide a fair comparison against Müsli on various areas since they support the same set of features in what types of data they can represent.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
musli_descriptive	159.89 ± 1.56	165.80 ± 1.56	49227.10 ± 11024.16	647.93 ± 114.70	53.81 ± 64.94
musli_storage	127.86 ± 1.36	130.88 ± 1.38	40196.50 ± 8751.10	618.86 ± 113.01	43.38 ± 52.97
musli_storage_packed	95.00 ± 0.00	96.00 ± 0.00	49343.70 ± 11697.30	711.89 ± 117.76	59.40 ± 53.98
musli_wire	143.30 ± 1.77	148.43 ± 1.87	45860.00 ± 10213.50	634.69 ± 114.75	49.38 ± 59.50
postcard	110.85 ± 1.41	110.81 ± 1.34	34448.30 ± 7216.32	605.86 ± 113.01	39.62 ± 48.10
serde_bincode	94.96 ± 0.21	96.00 ± 0.00	32444.10 ± 6612.33	710.89 ± 117.76	42.39 ± 47.27
serde_bitcode	104.92 ± 0.38	105.00 ± 0.00	29918.20 ± 6055.10	600.54 ± 112.02	38.76 ± 46.90
serde_rmp	113.82 ± 0.73	119.88 ± 1.48	38929.60 ± 8350.45	612.41 ± 113.80	50.97 ± 50.74

Text-based formats sizes

These are text-based formats, which support the full feature set of this test suite.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
musli_json3	435.41 ± 2.37	452.29 ± 2.99	102385.20 ± 24215.50	935.66 ± 118.61	109.79 ± 155.12
serde_json3	435.41 ± 2.37	452.29 ± 2.99	102095.30 ± 24197.18	933.66 ± 118.61	107.17 ± 155.61

Fewer features sizes

Missing features:

• 128 - 128-bit integers are not supported.
• map - Maps like MashMap<K, V> are not supported.

This is a suite where support for 128-bit integers and maps are disabled. Usually because the underlying framework lacks support for them.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
musli_descriptive	116.36 ± 1.46	122.33 ± 1.46	30994.00 ± 9328.95	488.45 ± 97.86	48.29 ± 54.39
musli_storage	88.25 ± 1.28	91.33 ± 1.23	24396.80 ± 7365.25	467.22 ± 96.77	38.34 ± 43.91
musli_storage_packed	63.00 ± 0.00	64.00 ± 0.00	30538.90 ± 9851.19	542.74 ± 100.11	55.32 ± 47.93
musli_wire	101.86 ± 1.75	106.83 ± 1.77	28513.80 ± 8662.56	477.64 ± 98.04	44.07 ± 49.89
serde_cbor4	212.69 ± 0.53	221.17 ± 0.85	34759.30 ± 9429.15	566.69 ± 97.29	65.78 ± 80.46

Speedy sizes

Missing features:

• isize - isize types are not supported.
• cstring - CString’s are not supported.

This is a test suite for speedy features.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
musli_descriptive	147.31 ± 1.51	153.36 ± 1.46	41718.30 ± 15493.73	620.89 ± 119.64	52.25 ± 61.70
musli_storage	117.32 ± 1.32	120.35 ± 1.27	34094.60 ± 12489.61	592.46 ± 118.15	42.07 ± 50.34
musli_storage_packed	87.00 ± 0.00	88.00 ± 0.00	41814.00 ± 16869.40	678.73 ± 122.85	58.41 ± 52.30
musli_wire	131.81 ± 1.82	136.96 ± 1.67	38859.80 ± 14496.84	608.63 ± 119.78	47.90 ± 56.55
speedy	87.00 ± 0.00	88.00 ± 0.00	27314.40 ± 9463.76	614.49 ± 119.95	39.91 ± 44.04

Müsli vs rkyv sizes

Missing features:

• cstring - CString’s are not supported.
• map - Maps like MashMap<K, V> are not supported.
• set - Sets like HashSet<T> are not supported.
• tuple - Tuples like (u32, u32) are not supported.
• usize - usize types are not supported.
• isize - isize types are not supported.

Comparison between musli-zerocopy and rkyv.

Note that musli-zerocopy only supports the primitives benchmark.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
musli_zerocopy	96.00 ± 0.00	80.00 ± 0.00	-	-	-
rkyv3	96.00 ± 0.00	80.00 ± 0.00	12950.40 ± 3223.55	571.88 ± 81.01	148.64 ± 39.42

Müsli vs zerocopy sizes

Compares musli-zerocopy with zerocopy.

Note that zerocopy only supports packed primitives, so we’re only comparing with that suite.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
musli_zerocopy	112.00 ± 0.00	96.00 ± 0.00	-	-	-
zerocopy	-	96.00 ± 0.00	-	-	-

Bitcode derive sizes

Missing features:

• cstring - CString’s are not supported.

Uses a custom derive-based framework which does not support everything Müsli and serde does.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
derive_bitcode	104.92 ± 0.38	106.00 ± 0.00	29916.20 ± 6055.10	593.80 ± 109.31	38.68 ± 46.87
musli_descriptive	159.89 ± 1.56	165.80 ± 1.56	49227.10 ± 11024.16	639.17 ± 111.51	53.74 ± 64.92
musli_storage	127.86 ± 1.36	130.88 ± 1.38	40196.50 ± 8751.10	611.30 ± 110.04	43.30 ± 52.94
musli_storage_packed	95.00 ± 0.00	96.00 ± 0.00	49343.70 ± 11697.30	698.43 ± 113.05	59.32 ± 53.94
musli_wire	143.30 ± 1.77	148.43 ± 1.87	45860.00 ± 10213.50	627.14 ± 111.86	49.31 ± 59.47

BSON sizes

Missing features:

• 128 - 128-bit integers are not supported.
• u64 - Format is limited to the bounds of signed 64-bit integers.
• empty - Empty variants are not supported.
• newtype - Newtype variants are not supported.
• number-key - Maps with numerical keys like HashMap<u32, T> are not supported.

Specific comparison to BSON, because the format is limited in capabilities.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
bson	240.95 ± 0.22	289.00 ± 0.00	88697.60 ± 27440.34	759.57 ± 104.65	117.73 ± 114.42
musli_descriptive	115.35 ± 1.30	121.34 ± 1.28	47190.80 ± 14363.99	591.31 ± 103.15	58.34 ± 59.96
musli_storage	87.24 ± 1.05	90.34 ± 0.99	37789.30 ± 11415.77	570.37 ± 101.73	44.05 ± 46.64
musli_storage_packed	63.00 ± 0.00	64.00 ± 0.00	48084.20 ± 14716.66	659.34 ± 105.75	65.01 ± 50.73
musli_wire	100.85 ± 1.60	105.84 ± 1.57	43705.40 ± 13284.04	580.32 ± 103.13	52.30 ± 54.38

Miniserde sizes

Missing features:

• cstring - CString’s are not supported.
• btree
• map - Maps like MashMap<K, V> are not supported.
• set - Sets like HashSet<T> are not supported.
• nonunit-variant - Only empty unit variants are supported.
• 128 - 128-bit integers are not supported.
• char - Character types like char are not supported.
• tuple - Tuples like (u32, u32) are not supported.
• binary-equality - Values are not preserved exactly when serialized and deserialized. Such as floating point values, even when they are exact.

An experimental framework which only supports JSON and a limited number of Rust types.

framework	primitives	primpacked	large	allocated	medium_enum
miniserde	319.30 ± 2.27	355.35 ± 2.46	21864.00 ± 5570.16	97.33 ± 30.98	7.00 ± 0.00
musli_json3	310.67 ± 2.31	346.68 ± 2.53	21287.60 ± 5418.47	97.33 ± 30.98	7.00 ± 0.00
serde_json3	310.67 ± 2.31	346.68 ± 2.53	21287.60 ± 5418.47	97.33 ± 30.98	7.00 ± 0.00

1. musli-value is a heap-allocated, in-memory format. Deserialization is expected to be as fast as a dynamic in-memory structure can be traversed, but serialization requires a lot of allocations. It is only included for reference. ↩ ↩² ↩³ ↩⁴ ↩⁵ ↩⁶ ↩⁷ ↩⁸ ↩⁹ ↩¹⁰ ↩¹¹ ↩¹² ↩¹³ ↩¹⁴ ↩¹⁵ ↩¹⁶ ↩¹⁷ ↩¹⁸ ↩¹⁹ ↩²⁰ ↩²¹ ↩²² ↩²³ ↩²⁴ ↩²⁵ ↩²⁶ ↩²⁷ ↩²⁸ ↩²⁹ ↩³⁰

2. BSON does not support serializing directly in-place without patches. As a result it is expected to be much slower. ↩ ↩² ↩³ ↩⁴ ↩⁵ ↩⁶ ↩⁷ ↩⁸ ↩⁹ ↩¹⁰

3. These formats do not support a wide range of Rust types. Exact level of support varies. But from a size perspective it makes size comparisons either unfair or simply an esoteric exercise since they can (or cannot) make stricter assumptions as a result. ↩ ↩² ↩³ ↩⁴ ↩⁵

4. Lacks 128-bit support. ↩

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