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-y

Такође погледајте: Appendix:Variations of "y"

English

[уреди]

Pronunciation

[уреди]
  • МФА(кључ): /i/
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)

Alternative forms

[уреди]

Etymology 1

[уреди]

    From Средњи Енглески -y, -i, from Стари Енглески -iġ (-y, -ic, suffix), from Пра-Западно Германски *-g, from Пра-Германски *-īgaz (-y, -ic), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ikos, *-iḱos (-y, -ic).

    Cognate with Шкотски -ie (-y), West Frisian -ich (-y), Холандски -ig (-y), Low German -ig (-y), Немачки -ig (-y), Шведски -ig (-y), Готски -𐌹𐌲𐍃 (-igs, -y), Латински -icus (-y, -ic), Антички Грчки -ικός (-ikós), Санскрт -इक (-ika). Дублети of -ac and -ic.

    Suffix

    [уреди]

    -y

    1. Added to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”, either “involving the referent” or “analogous to it”.
      mess-y → ‎messy
      mouse-y → ‎mousy
      blue-y → ‎bluey
      clay-y → ‎clayey
      • 2003, Cory Doctorow, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom[1], Macmillan, →ISBN:
        Tim keeps trying to make it all more impressionistic, less computer-y.
    2. Added to verbs to form adjectives meaning "inclined to".
      run-y → ‎runny
      stick-y → ‎sticky
      fiddle-y → ‎fiddly
    Usage notes
    [уреди]
    • This suffix is very productive and can be added to almost any word. When the resulting word is not perceived to be an established or formal word (but rather a nonce word or a casualism), a hyphen is often used before the suffix (sandcastlesandcastle-y); this is sometimes also used when an established term is used very literally, as a form of clarification (fuzzfuzz-y (fuzz-like), distinct from fuzzy (covered in fuzz)). A few long-established words ending with this suffix have distinctive spellings, such as wintry and fiery, which English learners might misspell as *wintery and *firey.
    Synonyms
    [уреди]
    • (form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “involving the referent”): -al, -an, -ial, -ian, -ly, -ous
    • (form “having quality of” adjectives, denoting “analogous to the referent”): -esque, -ish, -like, -ly, -oid
    Antonyms
    [уреди]
    • (antonym(s) of form “having quality of” adjectives): -less
    Translations
    [уреди]

    Note: translations of English words ending in -y do not necessarily end in the suffixes listed below.

    Преводе у наставку треба проверити и уметнути изнад у одговарајуће табеле превода. Видите инструкције на Викиречник:Унос § Преводи.

    Etymology 2

    [уреди]

    Cognate with Шкотски -ie, being inherited directly from the same source Средњи Енглески -ie, -i, from Стари Енглески -iġ (-ie, -y, diminutive suffix), from Пра-Западно Германски *-ij-, *-j- (diminutive suffix). Compare Холандски -je (diminutive suffix), German Low German -je (diminutive suffix), Немачки -i (diminutive suffix).

    Alternative forms

    [уреди]

    Suffix

    [уреди]

    -y

    1. Forming diminutive nouns.
      granny, pinny, tummy
    2. Forming familiar names, pet names, nicknames and terms of endearment.
      Andy, Billy, Johnny, Jonesy, lovey
    Synonyms
    [уреди]
    Translations
    [уреди]

    Note: translations of English words ending in -y do not necessarily end in the suffixes listed below.

    Etymology 3

    [уреди]

      From Средњи Енглески -y, -ie, -ee, -e, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French -ie and , from Латински -ia, -ium, -tās, Антички Грчки -ίᾱ (-íā), -ειᾰ (-eia), -ιον (-ion). Cognate (as far as Латински -ia is involved) with Немачки -ei and Холандски -ij.

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      -y

      1. Forming abstract nouns denoting a condition, quality, or state.
        modest-y → ‎modesty
        honest-y → ‎honesty
        -nym-y → ‎-nymy
        as in ‎toponym-y → ‎toponymy
        -logue-y → ‎-logy
        as in ‎analogue-y → ‎analogy
      2. Used in the name of some locations which end in -ia in Latin.
        Italy, Germany, Saxony, Hungary, Sicily, Lombardy, Tuscany, Albany, Brittany, Gascony, Burgundy, Picardy, Normandy, Romandy, Savoy, Muscovy, Tartary, Arcady, Thessaly, Troy, Turkey.
      Derived terms
      [уреди]
      Translations
      [уреди]

      Note: translations of English words ending in -y do not necessarily end in the suffixes listed below.

      Derived terms

      [уреди]
      Категорија Енглески termм suffixed with -y није пронађена

      Etymology 1

      [уреди]

      Pronunciation

      [уреди]

      Clitic

      [уреди]

      -y

      1. Used to form an interrogative copulative sentence: is it?
        Qafár af macáy?What is the Afar language?

      Etymology 2

      [уреди]

      Pronunciation

      [уреди]

      Clitic

      [уреди]

      -y

      1. Used to join together noun phrases: and, also
      Usage notes
      [уреди]
      • When following a short vowel, -y lengthens that vowel:
        gaalá (camel)-y → ‎gaaláay (and the camels)

      References

      [уреди]

      Asturian

      [уреди]

      Alternative forms

      [уреди]

      Pronunciation

      [уреди]

      Pronoun

      [уреди]

      -y

      1. him, she, it (third-person singular indirect pronoun)
        Da-y pan
        Give him bread

      Usage notes

      [уреди]

      It is always spelled with the hyphen, unlike other pronouns in the language.

      [уреди]
      • -yos, -ys (third-person plural indirect pronoun)

      Czech

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:cs-adv

      1. -ly: from adjectives forms adverbs
        logický-y → ‎logicky

      Derived terms

      [уреди]
      Категорија Чешки termм suffixed with -y није пронађена

      Further reading

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      Egyptian

      [уреди]

      Pronunciation

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-IPA-E

      Etymology 1

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-suffix

      1. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Forms the plural imperative of verbs, particularly weak verbs.
      2. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Optionally used to form the subjunctive of weak verbs.
      Usage notes
      [уреди]

      The plural imperative can also appear without this suffix, in a form identical to the singular imperative.

      Etymology 2

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-suffix

      1. Forms agent nouns from verbs.

      Etymology 3

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-suffix

      1. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Optionally marks the masculine imperfective active participle, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings.
      Alternative forms
      [уреди]

      Etymology 4

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-suffix

      1. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Optionally marks the masculine singular perfective passive participle of strong verbs, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings.
      Alternative forms
      [уреди]

      Etymology 5

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-suffix

      1. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Optionally marks the perfective passive participle of weak verbs, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings.
      2. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Optionally marks the perfective relative form of weak verbs, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings.
      3. (Late Egyptian) Marks the perfective passive participle of mostly third-weak transitive verbs, following the stem.
      4. (Late Egyptian) Occasionally marks the perfective active participle of mostly third-weak transitive verbs, following the stem.
      Alternative forms
      [уреди]

      Etymology 6

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      Шаблон:egy-suffix

      1. (Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian) Rarely marks the imperfective relative form of all verbs, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings.
      Alternative forms
      [уреди]

      References

      [уреди]
      • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 328–329, 354.
      • Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 66

      Finnish

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      -y

      1. Front vowel variant of -u.

      Declension

      [уреди]
      Inflection of -y (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
      nominative -y -yt
      genitive -yn -yjen
      partitive -yä -yjä
      illative -yyn -yihin
      singular plural
      nominative -y -yt
      accusative nom. -y -yt
      gen. -yn
      genitive -yn -yjen
      partitive -yä -yjä
      inessive -yssä -yissä
      elative -ystä -yistä
      illative -yyn -yihin
      adessive -yllä -yillä
      ablative -yltä -yiltä
      allative -ylle -yille
      essive -ynä -yinä
      translative -yksi -yiksi
      abessive -yttä -yittä
      instructive -yin
      comitative See the possessive forms below.
      Possessive forms of -y (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
      first-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -yni -yni
      accusative nom. -yni -yni
      gen. -yni
      genitive -yni -yjeni
      partitive -yäni -yjäni
      inessive -yssäni -yissäni
      elative -ystäni -yistäni
      illative -yyni -yihini
      adessive -ylläni -yilläni
      ablative -yltäni -yiltäni
      allative -ylleni -yilleni
      essive -ynäni -yinäni
      translative -ykseni -yikseni
      abessive -yttäni -yittäni
      instructive
      comitative -yineni
      second-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ysi -ysi
      accusative nom. -ysi -ysi
      gen. -ysi
      genitive -ysi -yjesi
      partitive -yäsi -yjäsi
      inessive -yssäsi -yissäsi
      elative -ystäsi -yistäsi
      illative -yysi -yihisi
      adessive -ylläsi -yilläsi
      ablative -yltäsi -yiltäsi
      allative -yllesi -yillesi
      essive -ynäsi -yinäsi
      translative -yksesi -yiksesi
      abessive -yttäsi -yittäsi
      instructive
      comitative -yinesi
      first-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ymme -ymme
      accusative nom. -ymme -ymme
      gen. -ymme
      genitive -ymme -yjemme
      partitive -yämme -yjämme
      inessive -yssämme -yissämme
      elative -ystämme -yistämme
      illative -yymme -yihimme
      adessive -yllämme -yillämme
      ablative -yltämme -yiltämme
      allative -yllemme -yillemme
      essive -ynämme -yinämme
      translative -yksemme -yiksemme
      abessive -yttämme -yittämme
      instructive
      comitative -yinemme
      second-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ynne -ynne
      accusative nom. -ynne -ynne
      gen. -ynne
      genitive -ynne -yjenne
      partitive -yänne -yjänne
      inessive -yssänne -yissänne
      elative -ystänne -yistänne
      illative -yynne -yihinne
      adessive -yllänne -yillänne
      ablative -yltänne -yiltänne
      allative -yllenne -yillenne
      essive -ynänne -yinänne
      translative -yksenne -yiksenne
      abessive -yttänne -yittänne
      instructive
      comitative -yinenne
      third-person possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ynsä -ynsä
      accusative nom. -ynsä -ynsä
      gen. -ynsä
      genitive -ynsä -yjensä
      partitive -yään
      -yänsä
      -yjään
      -yjänsä
      inessive -yssään
      -yssänsä
      -yissään
      -yissänsä
      elative -ystään
      -ystänsä
      -yistään
      -yistänsä
      illative -yynsä -yihinsä
      adessive -yllään
      -yllänsä
      -yillään
      -yillänsä
      ablative -yltään
      -yltänsä
      -yiltään
      -yiltänsä
      allative -ylleen
      -yllensä
      -yilleen
      -yillensä
      essive -ynään
      -ynänsä
      -yinään
      -yinänsä
      translative -ykseen
      -yksensä
      -yikseen
      -yiksensä
      abessive -yttään
      -yttänsä
      -yittään
      -yittänsä
      instructive
      comitative -yineen
      -yinensä
      Inflection of -y (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)
      nominative -y -yt
      genitive -yn -yjen
      -yiden
      -yitten
      partitive -yä -yjä
      -yitä
      illative -yyn -yihin
      singular plural
      nominative -y -yt
      accusative nom. -y -yt
      gen. -yn
      genitive -yn -yjen
      -yiden
      -yitten
      partitive -yä -yjä
      -yitä
      inessive -yssä -yissä
      elative -ystä -yistä
      illative -yyn -yihin
      adessive -yllä -yillä
      ablative -yltä -yiltä
      allative -ylle -yille
      essive -ynä -yinä
      translative -yksi -yiksi
      abessive -yttä -yittä
      instructive -yin
      comitative See the possessive forms below.
      Possessive forms of -y (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)
      first-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -yni -yni
      accusative nom. -yni -yni
      gen. -yni
      genitive -yni -yjeni
      -yideni
      -yitteni
      partitive -yäni -yjäni
      -yitäni
      inessive -yssäni -yissäni
      elative -ystäni -yistäni
      illative -yyni -yihini
      adessive -ylläni -yilläni
      ablative -yltäni -yiltäni
      allative -ylleni -yilleni
      essive -ynäni -yinäni
      translative -ykseni -yikseni
      abessive -yttäni -yittäni
      instructive
      comitative -yineni
      second-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ysi -ysi
      accusative nom. -ysi -ysi
      gen. -ysi
      genitive -ysi -yjesi
      -yidesi
      -yittesi
      partitive -yäsi -yjäsi
      -yitäsi
      inessive -yssäsi -yissäsi
      elative -ystäsi -yistäsi
      illative -yysi -yihisi
      adessive -ylläsi -yilläsi
      ablative -yltäsi -yiltäsi
      allative -yllesi -yillesi
      essive -ynäsi -yinäsi
      translative -yksesi -yiksesi
      abessive -yttäsi -yittäsi
      instructive
      comitative -yinesi
      first-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ymme -ymme
      accusative nom. -ymme -ymme
      gen. -ymme
      genitive -ymme -yjemme
      -yidemme
      -yittemme
      partitive -yämme -yjämme
      -yitämme
      inessive -yssämme -yissämme
      elative -ystämme -yistämme
      illative -yymme -yihimme
      adessive -yllämme -yillämme
      ablative -yltämme -yiltämme
      allative -yllemme -yillemme
      essive -ynämme -yinämme
      translative -yksemme -yiksemme
      abessive -yttämme -yittämme
      instructive
      comitative -yinemme
      second-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ynne -ynne
      accusative nom. -ynne -ynne
      gen. -ynne
      genitive -ynne -yjenne
      -yidenne
      -yittenne
      partitive -yänne -yjänne
      -yitänne
      inessive -yssänne -yissänne
      elative -ystänne -yistänne
      illative -yynne -yihinne
      adessive -yllänne -yillänne
      ablative -yltänne -yiltänne
      allative -yllenne -yillenne
      essive -ynänne -yinänne
      translative -yksenne -yiksenne
      abessive -yttänne -yittänne
      instructive
      comitative -yinenne
      third-person possessor
      singular plural
      nominative -ynsä -ynsä
      accusative nom. -ynsä -ynsä
      gen. -ynsä
      genitive -ynsä -yjensä
      -yidensä
      -yittensä
      partitive -yään
      -yänsä
      -yjään
      -yitään
      -yjänsä
      -yitänsä
      inessive -yssään
      -yssänsä
      -yissään
      -yissänsä
      elative -ystään
      -ystänsä
      -yistään
      -yistänsä
      illative -yynsä -yihinsä
      adessive -yllään
      -yllänsä
      -yillään
      -yillänsä
      ablative -yltään
      -yltänsä
      -yiltään
      -yiltänsä
      allative -ylleen
      -yllensä
      -yilleen
      -yillensä
      essive -ynään
      -ynänsä
      -yinään
      -yinänsä
      translative -ykseen
      -yksensä
      -yikseen
      -yiksensä
      abessive -yttään
      -yttänsä
      -yittään
      -yittänsä
      instructive
      comitative -yineen
      -yinensä

      Lower Sorbian

      [уреди]

      Suffix

      [уреди]

      -y

      1. Alternative form of -i (used after “hard” consonants).

      Middle English

      [уреди]

      Etymology 1

      [уреди]

        From Стари Енглески -iġ, from Пра-Западно Германски *-g, from Пра-Германски *-gaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Дублети of -ik.

        Alternative forms

        [уреди]

        Pronunciation

        [уреди]

        Suffix

        [уреди]

        -y

        1. Designates an adjective, in many cases formed by being appended to a noun.
        Derived terms
        [уреди]
        Категорија Средњи Енглески termм suffixed with -y није пронађена
        Descendants
        [уреди]
        • Енглески: -y, -ie, -ey
        • Шкотски: -ie, -y
        References
        [уреди]

        Etymology 2

        [уреди]

        Suffix

        [уреди]

        -y

        1. Alternative form of -yf

        Etymology 3

        [уреди]

          Suffix

          [уреди]

          -y

          1. Alternative form of -ie

          Northern Ohlone

          [уреди]

          Alternative forms

          [уреди]
          • -i (after consonants)

          Suffix

          [уреди]

          -y (plural -iṭ)

          1. Used to form the imperative mood of verbs

          References

          [уреди]

          María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges)‎[2], Unpublished

          Old Polish

          [уреди]

          Etymology

          [уреди]

          Derived од Пра-Словенски *-ъjь, the definite form of hard-stem adjectives. See *jь.

          Pronunciation

          [уреди]

          Suffix

          [уреди]

          -y

          1. forms adjectives

          Derived terms

          [уреди]
          Категорија Old Polish termм suffixed with -y није пронађена

          Polish

          [уреди]

          Etymology

          [уреди]

          Наслеђено од Old Polish -y.

          Pronunciation

          [уреди]

          Suffix

          [уреди]

          -y

          1. nominative plural ending of some masculine nouns.
          2. vocative plural ending of some masculine nouns.
          3. genitive singular ending of some feminine nouns.
          4. nominative plural ending of some feminine nouns.
          5. accusative plural ending of some feminine nouns.
          6. vocative plural ending of some feminine nouns.
          7. personal, animate, and inanimate masculine nominative singular ending of some adjectives.
          8. personal, animate, and inanimate masculine vocative singular ending of some adjectives.
          9. inanimate masculine accusative singular ending of some adjectives.
          10. personal masculine nominative plural ending of some adjectives.
          11. personal masculine vocative plural ending of some adjectives.

          Derived terms

          [уреди]
          Категорија Пољски termм suffixed with -y није пронађена

          Quechua

          [уреди]

          Suffix

          [уреди]

          -y

          1. Infinitive marker.
            mikhuy (to eat)
          2. Nominalizes verbs. The act of doing something. "-ing."
            pampachay (pardon, remission)
          3. Indicates first-person singular possessive.
            mikhuna (food)mikhunay (my food)
          4. Conjugative suffix for the second-person imperative mood.
            Uyariway! ("(You) listen to me!")

          Scots

          [уреди]

          Suffix

          [уреди]

          -y

          1. Alternative form of -ie

          References

          [уреди]