Briza maxima

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Poeae
Subtribus: Brizinae
Genus: Briza
Species: Briza maxima

Name

Briza maxima L., Sp. Pl.: 70 (1753).

Synonyms

Homotypic
- Briza grandis Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 21 (1796), nom. superfl.
- Briza major C.Presl, Gram. Sicul.: 26 (1818), nom. superfl.
- Poa maxima (L.) Cav., Descr. Pl.: 314 (1802).
- Macrobriza maxima (L.) Tzvelev, Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78(10): 91 (1993).
Heterotypic
- Briza monspessulana Gouan, Hortus Monsp.: 45 (1762).
  - Briza maxima var. monspessulana (Gouan) Steud., Nomencl. Bot.: 118 (1821).
  - Briza maxima var. monspessulana (Gouan) Griseb., Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 442 (1846).
- Briza rubra Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 1: 187 (1791).
  - Briza maxima var. rubra (Lam.) Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 440 (1900).
  - Briza maxima f. rubra (Lam.) Maire, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 103 (1955).
- Briza montana Brouss., Elench. Horti Bot. Monspel.: ? (1804).
- Briza rubens Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 1: 699 (1811), orth. var.
- Briza capensis Schrank, Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac.: t. 43 (1819), nom. illeg.
- Briza pulchella Kunth, Révis. Gramin. 1: 120 (1829), nom. nud.
- Briza maxima var. pubescens Mutel, Fl. Franç. Herbor. 4: 71 (1837).
- Briza pulchella Kunth ex Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 283 (1854).
- Briza dalmatica Gand., Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 35 (1883).
- Briza gracilescens Gand., Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 34 (1883).
- Briza microclada Gand., Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 35 (1883).
- Briza portenschlagii Gand., Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 34 (1883).
- Briza maxima var. hirsuta Doum., Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 4: 148 (1886).
- Briza maxima var. fusca Merino, Fl. Galicia 3: 328 (1909).
- Briza maxima var. glabriflora Rohlena, Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1911: 130 (1911).
- Briza maxima f. concolor Maire & Weiller, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 103 (1955).
- Briza maxima f. discolor Maire & Weiller, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 103 (1955).
- Briza maxima f. unicolor Maire & Weiller, Fl. Afrique N. 3: 103 (1955).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
- Regional: Northern Europe
  - Great Britain, Ireland.
- Regional: Middle Europe
  - Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany.
- Regional: Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
- Regional: Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States, Krym, North European Russia, South European Russia.
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
- Regional: Macaronesia
  - Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira.
- Regional: West-Central Tropical Africa
  - Gulf of Guinea Islands.
- Regional: East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya.
- Regional: South Tropical Africa
  - Zimbabwe.
- Regional: Southern Africa
  - Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Northern Provinces.
- Regional: Western Indian Ocean
  - Mauritius, Réunion.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Russian Far East
  - Amur, Primorye.
- Regional: Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus.
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
- Regional: Eastern Asia
  - Japan.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
- Regional: Indian Subcontinent
  - India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka.
- Regional: Malesia
  - Jawa.
Continental: Australasia
- Regional: Australia
  - Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia.
- Regional: New Zealand
  - Chatham Islands, New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
Continental: Pacific
- Regional: South-Central Pacific
  - Marquesas.
- Regional: North-Central Pacific
  - Hawaii.
Continental: Northern America
- Regional: Western Canada
  - Alberta, British Columbia.
- Regional: Eastern Canada
  - Ontario, Québec.
- Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado, Oregon.
- Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
  - Illinois, Wisconsin.
- Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Vermont.
- Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
  - California.
- Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico.
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida, Georgia.
Continental: Southern America
- Regional: Central America
  - Guatemala, Honduras.
- Regional: Caribbean
  - Bermuda, Jamaica.
- Regional: Western South America
  - Colombia, Ecuador.
- Regional: Brazil
  - Brazil Southeast, Brazil South.
- Regional: Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Juan Fernández Islands, Uruguay.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 70. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Briza maxima in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Nov 19. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2024. Briza maxima. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 19 Nov 2024.
International Plant Names Index. 2024. Briza maxima. Published online. Accessed: 19 Nov 2024.
Hassler, M. 2024. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Briza maxima. Accessed: 19 Nov 2024.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Briza maxima in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Großes Zittergras
suomi: Isoräpelö
français: Grande brize
Türkçe: Büyük zembil otu

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