Norrköping

Norrköping
Ceety haw o Norrköping
Eik-name(s):  Peking, Little Manchester
Norrköping
Coordinates: 58°36′N 16°12′E
Kintra	Swaden
Province	Östergötland
Coonty	Östergötland Coonty
Municipality	Norrköping Municipality
Area
• Total	35.68 km2 (13.78 sq mi)
Population  (31 December 2010)
• Total	87,247
• Density	2446/km2 (6,340/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC 1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC 2 (CEST)
Website	norrkoping.se

Norrköping [ˈnɔrːˈɕøːpɪŋ] is a ceety in the province o Östergötland in eastren Swaden an the seat o Norrköping Municipality, Östergötland Coonty. The ceety haes a population o 87,247 indwallers in 2010, oot o a municipal tot o 130,050, makin it Swaden's tent lairgest ceety an aicht lairgest municipality.

The ceety is situated bi the mooth o the river Motala ström, at Bråviken, an inlet o the Baltic Sea. Watter pouer frae the Motala ström an the guid harbour wur factors that facilitatit the rapid growthe o this ance industrial ceety, kent for its textile industry. It haes several nicknames sic as: "Swaden's Manchester", "Peking" an "Surbullestan" (Surbulle [sour bun] wis a local nickname for the textile workers, an stan is short for Staden, which means The Ceety or The Toun in Swadish)

History

The ceety haes medieval foondations bi settlers aroond the Norrköping twin ceety wi Linköping Motala stream estuary, who uised the faws an rapids tae pouer thair mills. The stream wis an aa full o fish sic as salmon. Exact dates are uncertain, but thare are mentions o a Kirk in the 12t century. It wis dedicatit tae Saunt Olaf, Norawa's patron.

The first trace o the ceety's name is frae 1283, when walthy David Appelgren, Laird o Östergötland donatit his rights o salmon fishing tae the Skänninge monastery. The toun is estimatit tae hae received ceety status in the early 14t century, awtho nae written documents exist prior tae a document frae 1384. This document, signed bi Albrekt o Swaden is stored in the ceety archive the day. Köping means thare wis a mercat thare.

The ceety wis the location o several battles in the ensuin centuries. As a consequence, nothing o the medieval Norrköping remains the day. Durin the Northren Seiven Years' War (1563–1570), the entire soothren pairt o Norrköping wis burnt. It wis rebuilt bi John III o Swaden, who designed the current street pattern.

In 1618, a wappen industry wis established bi superveesion o Gustavus Adolphus. The harbour an aa attractit ships due tae its proximity tae the industries o Finspång. In addition tae the wappen industry, a lairge scale industry o textile wis an aa initiatit. An important benefactor wis the industrial man Louis De Geer (1587-1652). At De Geer's daith, Norrköping haed 6,000 indwallers an wis Sweden's seicont lairgest ceety.

The ceety again burnt in 1655, an again in 1719 durin the Great Northren War when the Roushies burnt it tae the grund. Stanes frae the Johannisborg castle wur uised tae big new hooses, an the day anerlie a few stanes remain.

Durin the 18t century it wis rebuilt an several industries suin got a stranghauld: In the 1740s, Norrköping boostit three sugar refineries; in the 1750s the lairge scale influential snus industry wis established. Frae this time stems the ceety kirks o Saunt Olof an Saunt Hedvig, an several ither auld hooses.

Norrköping's importance again flourished. In 1769 the Swadish Riksdag assembled thare. In 1800 the keeng Gustav IV o Swaden wis crouned in the Kirk o Saunt Olof.

The ceety again suffered fires in 1822 an 1826. Thereefter widden hooses wur banned. In 1841 a ship industry wis initiatit as a branch o Motala Verkstad in Motala. In 1850 the industry haed ower 600 employees makin it Swaden's lairgest ship industry at the time. Durin the remainin 19t century, the industries kept expandin. The aurie bi the Motala Stream wis developed further wi the construction o a cotton refinery, an a paper mill wis constructit in 1854, specializin in newspaper, an is still the day exportin tae customers aroond the warld.

The industry, includin textile manufacturers, an aa expandit intae the 20t century. In 1950 a tot o 54 factories haed 6,600 employees in toun. Bi 1956, housomeivver, 18 o them haed been closed due tae competeetion frae kintras abroad wi lawer wages, sic as Italy an Japan. In 1970 anerlie 10 factories an 1,200 employees remained. In that year, the renouned Holmen paper mill, wi its 350 years lang history, annoonced is closur, an anither 900 fowk wur let go. Tae coonter the effects, several govrenmental authorities wur relocatit tae Norrköping frae Stockholm. See an aa Braviken Paper Mill.

As o 2002, Norrköping is nou seein a revival, as a centre o cultur an eddication. The Norrköping seembol represents the "new" Norrköping.

Main sichts

Drottninggatan (Queen's Street) in Norrköping

The Motala ström river flows throu the ceety haes a parade annexed. In connection tae the latter is the industrial landscape whaur the auld textile industries ance whaur situatit.

In the simmer, thare is a cactus plantation in Carl Johans Park. 25,000 cactuses are plantit thare ivery simmer.

Kolmårdens Djurpark is a zoo locatit 30 km north o Norrköping. In connection tae the lairge ootdoor zoo, thare is an aa Tropicariet, an aquarium, whaur for ensaumple snakes, crocodiles an sharks can be seen.

The airchipelagos 50 km away frae Norrköping are cried St Anna an Gryt.

A campus o Linköping University, its awn symphonic orchestra, an airport cried Kungsängen wi 170,000 travelin (2006), a heich-tech industry pairk cried Norrköping Science Park, an Petroglyphs frae the Nordic Bronze Age.

Sports

• IFK Norrköping (Association fitbaw)
• Assyriska Föreningen i Norrköping (Association fitbaw)
• Azech SF (Association fitbaw)
• Chile Unido IF (Association fitbaw)
• Eneby BK (Association fitbaw)
• Hagahöjdens BK (Association fitbaw)
• Lindö FF (Association fitbaw)
• Norrköpings IF Bosna (Association fitbaw)
• Syrianska KF (Association fitbaw)
• Norrköping Dolphins (Basketbaw)
• HC Vita Hästen (Icehockey)
• Vargarna (Speedway)
• Norrköpings KK (Swimmin)
• Norrköpings Rugby Klubb(NRK) Troján (Rugby)

Freemit airtins

• Offeecial wabsteid (in Inglis)/(in Swadish)
• Norrköping Tourism Archived 2006-01-27 at the Wayback Machine (in Swadish)
• Local event guide for Norrköping Archived 2018-08-30 at the Wayback Machine

Norrköping is ane o 133 places wi the historical ceety status in Swaden.