Tuvalu
| Tuvalu (kukka) | |
| flag | |
| vinecikan |
|
| Paketu nakukka | 《Tuvalu mo te Atua》 |
.svg) | |
| Kai | |
|---|---|
| kai nakukka | Tinuvaluan |
| vecik nakukka | Rumazi |
| sihu | |
| vusam na mamazangiljan | Elizabeth II |
| sihuciu | Enele Sosene Sopoaga |
| lipuinciu | Date Chūichi kati Tadamori Ōshima |
| kadjunangan | |
| penuljat | 26 [1] |
| pana | |
| Gini & HDI&GDP | |
| Gini (2014) | |
| HDI (2014) | |
| GDP | 39500000 |
| caucau | |
| penuljat | 11,052 [2] |
| zuku | pulinisia |
pasanavalj taza ljavek a pasivik (taipingyang) aicu a tuvalu (ayain a tinuvaluan). pinaljavakan izua siva a maretimaljimalji a kadjunangan nua sihu a tuvalu i tua ljavek. namasan vecekad tua hawaii katua australia. a i pasakacedas tua tukelau (Tokelau). a i pasakacedas a navalj tua samua (Samoa) katua walis katua vutuna (Wallis and Futuna). a i pasanavalj tua vidji (Fiji). a i pasaviri tua kiribati. a i pasakaledep a navalj tua kadjunangan nua santa cruz katua vanuatu. a i pasakaledep a viri tua nauru. mavan 10,507 aicu sinisupuan tua caucau nua tuvalu a vavecikan ka 2017 a caviljan.[3] sasusuan aicu a 26 km² tua pasalavaan a pinaljavakan nua tuvalu a kadjunangan.
katjaisangas a kaizuazua a caucau a pulinisiyan (Polynesians) imaza a kadjunangan nua tuvalu ka 3000 a qadjav a tjaisangas i caviljan.[4] kasicuayan a tjaisangas a djinaljun na caucau se iyurupu (Europe), sipacacikel na caucau a pulinisiyan a varukur niamadju taza matjalialiaw a kadjunangan i pasaljavek imaza.[5]
pasemalaw a kisanvenaruvarung tu sekaumaljan na caucau a pulinisiyan a kemasi tua samua (Samoa) katua tunga (Tonga) a pasakadjunangan na tuvalu imaza, tazua semekez tiamadju a makavarukur. saka kemasimaza tiamadju a vaik tua zumanga kadjunangan nua pulinisiyan i tua melanisiya (Melanesia) katua mikerunisiya (Micronesia) katjaivililj.[6][7][8]
katjaisangas a mangetjez ti alevaru de mendana (Álvaro de Mendaña) a se spain (Spain) a rusansalimaliman tua makavarukur tu a pasaljavek i maza ka 1568 a caviljan, tazua kineljang nimadju tu izua kadjunangan nua nui (Nui) imaza.
sangasangasan a pinapungadan a kadjunangan nua eilis (Ellice's Island) taza kadjunangan nua vunavuti (Funafuti) ka 1819 a caviljan. sa siayaya ni aliksander (Alexander George Findlay) a rusanvenaruvarung tua ljaljavekan aicu a eilis tua matjasiva a kadjunangan katjaivililj. katjaivililj a qadjav a caviljan a kemasi tua 1850 a patje 1900 a caviljan, na kiljavarananga a "seminamalji a briten (Great Britain)" a paljavak tua kadjunangan nua eilis (Ellice) tu pasemalaw tua kuletjan niamadju i tua ljavek a pasivik, ayatua pinavecikan nau seminamalji a briten djermany (Germany).[9]
kadjunangan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]_-_TUV_-_UNOCHA.svg)
pinaljavakan nua sihu a tuvalu a matjasiva a kadjunangan izua nanumanga (Nanumanga), niutaw (Niutao), niulakita (Niulakita), vunavuti (Funafuti), nanumiya (Nanumea), nui (Nui), nukuvetaw (Nukufetau), nukulaelae (Nukulaelae) katua vaitupu (Vaitupu).[10]
cinalivatan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]kasicuayan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]taza vinaruvarungan a tja sinikeljang a sekaumaljan nua cuacau a tuvalu tu kaizuazua imaza i pasaljavek a pasivik katjaisangas a 3000 a caviljan. kinelialiaw a caucau a pulinisiya a makavarukur tu pacacikel tjaizua samua (Samoa), tunga (Tonga), katua zumanga a kadjunangan i tua ljavek imaza,[11] tazua katjaisangasan a mangetjez a caucau se erop. patjara aicu a matjasiva a vuguvug, kinaizuan a alu a vuguvug nua caucau a tuvalu. manasika tja kineljang aza pinapungadan a tuvalu aza siaya tua kinateveteveljan a matjalu nua kai a tuvalu.
| sika | ngadan | zikan | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toaripi Lauti | 
|
1978.10.1 - 1981.9.8 |
| 2 | Tomasi Puapua |
|
1981.9.8 - 1989.10.16 |
| 3 | Bikenibeu Paeniu |
|
1989.10.16 - 1993.12.10 |
| 4 | Kamuta Latasi |
|
1993.12.10 - 1996.12.24 |
| 5 | Bikenibeu Paeniu |
|
1996.12.24 - 1999.4.27 |
| 6 | Ionatana Ionatana |
|
1999.4.27 - 2000.12.8 |
| 6' | Lagitupu Tuilimu |
|
2000.12.8 - 2001.2.24 |
| 7 | Faimalaga Luka |
|
2001.2.24 - 2001.12.14 |
| 8 | Koloa Talake |
|
2001.12.14 - 2002.8.2 |
| 9 | Saufatu Sopoanga |
|
2002.8.2 - 2004.8.27 |
| 10 | Maatia Toafa |
|
2004.8.27 - 2006.8.14 |
| 11 | Apisai Ielemia | 
|
2006.8.14 - 2010.9.29 |
| 12 | Maatia Toafa |
|
2010.9.29 - 2010.12.24 |
| 13 | Willy Telavi | 
|
2010.12.24 - 2013.8.1 |
| 14 | Enele Sosene Sopoaga | 
|
2013.8.1. - tucu |
paljavakan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]- Nui
- Nukufetau
- Nukulaelae
- Vaitupu
- Niulakita
- Niutao
- Nanumaga
kinakaian
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]nua tuvalu a kuka a kinakaian aicu a kai a tuvalu katua kai a amilika. mamaw aicu a kai a tuvalu a sinikudan tua kinakaian a pulinisiyan, matu izua kai a hawai (Hawaiian), kai a mauri (Māori), kai a taitiyan (Tahitian), kai a rapa nui (Rapa Nui), Samoan katua Tongan.[12] saka, siayaya aicu a kai a tuvalu namaya tua kinakaian nua qinaljan nua pulinisiyan i mikrunisiya (Micronesia) katua i pasaviri a vecekad tua melanisiya (Melanesia).
avan a sikiljavaran a kai a tuvalu nua masantalj a caucau i tuvalu. ljakua izuanga ta kai matu aza kai a gilebetis (Gilbertese) a sinikiljavaran nua caucau i nui (Nui).[13][14] sinipaljavak nua sihu aicu a kai nua amilika i tuvalu. ljakua inika ljemita tua qadaw a sikiljavaran nua caucau aza kai nua amilika imaza.
kinatuluan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]
kinacaquan nua caucau a 99% tua vinecikan nua kai i tuvalu (aicu a sasupuan nua i kacaviljan a 2002).[15]
kakudakudan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]senay katua zian
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]fakaseasea, fakanau katua fatele aicu a sinansenay a sinikudan nua caucau a tuvalu.
sipacacikelan
[remasudj ta vincikan | tinagiljang a remasudj ta vincikan]
a qadjav a 8 km a kinalaruqan nua djalan izua i tuvalu.[16] amin azua djalan a vunavuti (Funafuti) na sinan djalan kacaviljan a 2002. ljakua patjara zumanga a djalan, inianan a sinandjalan tucu. neka a djalan nua kisiya imaza i tuvalu.
amin aicu a puvarukuran a vunavuti (Funafuti) a namasantalj a ljaljevavavan tua varukur i tuvalu. sipacacikecikel aicu a gungkang a masandrusa. izua gungkang a nivagi a sikamasantjelulj (Nivaga III) katua gungkang a manuvulaw (Manu Folau). maqati tjen a makavavaw taicu a gungkang a drusa a pacacikel a kemasi tuvalu a suva (Suva), vidji (Fiji) katua vunavuti (Funafuti) a sema zuma a vuguvug (kadjunangan i vecekadan tua ljavek nua i tuvalu). pinapusaladj a sihu a tuvalu nua taiwan i kacaviljan a 2020, vineli aicu a pinaka muitiva (Moeiteava) a gungkang a tjatjevavavan nua sisan umaq.[17]
amin aicu a puhikukiyan a vunavuti (Funafuti) a namasantalj a ljaljevavavan tua hikuki i tuvalu tucu. sipacacikelan izua makatjelulj a hikuki nua vidji kahikukian (Fiji Airways) a kemasi tua suva a patje vunavuti (Funafuti).
- ↑ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tv.html|title=CIA
- ↑ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tv.html|title=CIA
- ↑ https://www.citypopulation.de/en/tuvalu/
- ↑ Howe, Kerry (2003). The Quest for Origins. New Zealand: Penguin. pp. 68–70. ISBN 0-14-301857-4.
- ↑ Bellwood, Peter (1987). The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People. Thames and Hudson. pp. 39–44.
- ↑ Bellwood, Peter (1987). The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People. Thames and Hudson. pp. 29 & 54.
- ↑ Bayard, D.T. (1976). The Cultural Relationships of the Polynesian Outliers. Otago University, Studies in Prehistoric Anthropology, Vol. 9.
- ↑ Kirch, P.V. (1984). The Polynesian Outliers. 95 (4) Journal of Pacific History. pp. 224–238.
- ↑ https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_between_Great_Britain_and_Germany_relating_to_the_Demarcation_of_the_Spheres_of_Influence
- ↑ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-02954-1
- ↑ Howe, Kerry (2003). The Quest for Origins. New Zealand: Penguin. pp. 68, 70. ISBN 0-14-301857-4.
- ↑ https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm
- ↑ https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm
- ↑ https://www.ethnologue.com/country/TV/languages|title=Tuvalu|work=Ethnologue
- ↑ https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2016/12/31/Tuvalu-2010-Article-IV-Consultation-Staff-Report-Public-Information-Notice-on-the-Executive-24632
- ↑ https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tuvalu/
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20210807120850/https://tuvaluparadise.tv/2021/01/29/lct-moeiteava-christened-and-commissioned/