Como você pode incorporar a computação paralela na pesquisa algorítmica para processamento de imagens?

Parallel computing is a technique that allows multiple tasks to be executed simultaneously by using multiple processors or cores. Parallel computing can be incorporated into algorithmic research for image processing by using various methods, such as: Parallel programming languages and frameworks: These are tools that enable the development of parallel algorithms and applications for image processing

Parallel computing offers substantial gains in processing speed, and there are many choices. Choosing the correct platform can rely on many factors depending on what is available to you. Cloud resources, GPUs, clusters, etc. Depending on scale, selecting the correct platform can be critical. With the availability of GPUs they can be attractive options but come with significant programming overhead. Clusters offer brute force power but aren't available everywhere and cloud computing comes with potentially substantial cost implications.

Many problems in image processing are well suited to parallel solutions. In fact that is why GPUs have been designed to execute highly parallel operations. An image comprises an array of pixels. Each pixel might represent one input to a parallel operation. Optics can process an entire image in parallel. Place an image in the front focal plane of a lens and its Fourier transform appears in the rear focal plane. We can apply a matched filter (multiplication) in the Fourier domain to detect features by creating a convolution in the image domain. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) also discriminate image features in a manner very similar to matched filtering. Thus the associated algorithms are naturally well suited to parallel processing.

Informally, we can say that society carries out 'processing' in parallel. There are always several people doing, contributing or adding small parts in order to solve a problem. Although it is something we do, it is not a trivial process. Parallelism can contain a high level of complexity, from the need to know how to divide the problem and then unify it with the object of finding a solution. Despite this, one of the areas that benefit most is image. Just imagine digital games, if it weren't for the parallel processing used in video cards, it would be difficult for us to have game simulations bordering on realism.

Different options that come with parallel program and the requirements for better performance are given. The forms of parallel processing in image processing receive i.e., data, task and pipeline parallelism. Parallel Segmentation by Region Growing Technique and Calculation of different Top features of Segmented Regions, Parallel Segmentation by Global Thresholding of the image and Histogram Equalization of an Image by Parallel Computing would be the three algorithms given in detail.An application of parallel computing in medical imaging is discussed in detail. For medical imaging development, a workflow engine called Taverna is discussed and its design approach is also given.

Parallelization is a moderate/advanced programming challenge. There are many considerations, for example memory management and resource sharing/locking. It requires designing and implementing programs and algorithms differently. With some planning it can be very advantageous and easy to implement algorithms that can take advantage of gains. Another consideration is data writing. It's often better to combine data after a parallel run however large amounts of data can be generated and transfer overhead can become an issue. It's important to decide what to record and where (e.g. computed parameters should be done in post). Check points and restart capability can be essential in some cases.

Designing parallel algorithms is a challenging and rewarding task that involves finding efficient ways to solve computational problems using multiple processors or cores. There are different models, techniques, and tools that can help you design parallel algorithms for various applications

One of the more interesting ways to parallelise image processing (and related tasks such as computer vision) computation is to split your dataset across multiple machines. Then, instead of moving the images, you move the algorithm! Imagine that you have a large (multi-TB or larger) dataset of images that you want to process, spread across multiple compute nodes, and some end result that is not that large (processed videos / loss function results etc). You can then set up a training program that uses MPI to copy the model to each node, does the computation, and then brings the result together to your main node. There, you join the result. This approach can be very efficient with large dataset where data transfer speeds is the bottleneck.

To implement a parallel program, you need to follow some steps, such as: Choose a parallel programming model that suits your problem domain and target platform. There are different models, such as shared-memory, distributed-memory, data parallel, task parallel, and hybrid models. Identify the parts of your program that can be parallelized, such as independent tasks, loops, or data structures. You can use tools like the Concurrency Visualizer to analyze the performance and concurrency of your code.

In the realm of parallel programming, when contrasting parallel programs with sequential ones, parallel will invariably triumph. The key aspect is the coordination, synchronization, and API calls between hardware and software. For example - Google Pixel phones capture photos just like their counterpart iPhone but what sets them apart is their robust Image processing Algorithm extensively utilized on their new Tensor chip.

Parallel architectures and platforms: These are hardware and software systems that support parallel computing for image processing. Some examples are multicore CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, clusters, grids, and clouds. These systems provide different levels of parallelism, performance, scalability, and cost. Parallel algorithms and models: These are techniques that design and analyze parallel solutions for image processing problems. Some examples are divide-and-conquer, pipeline, data parallelism, task parallelism, and hybrid parallelism. These techniques consider factors such as data dependency, load balancing, communication overhead, and fault tolerance.

In a theoretical sense any Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter can be parallelized since the output depends only on the current input. Based on the appropriate Kernel size image can be split into blocks with overlaps. Overlaps are really important otherwise the boundary conditions (due to implicit rectangular window function) make it difficult to concatenate the out image.