Pendudukan Jepun di Borneo British

Pendudukan Jepun di British Borneo (British Borneo Utara, Brunei, Labuan dan Sarawak)
Borneo Utara (北ボルネオcode: ja is deprecated , *Kita Boruneo*)
Pendudukan Jepun di British Borneo (British Borneo Utara, Brunei, Labuan dan Sarawak) Borneo Utara (北ボルネオ, Kita Boruneo)
1941–1945
Bendera lebangsaan	Bendera perang Tentera Jepun Imperial
	Harta benda Jepun di British Borneo, termasuk Borneo Belanda pada tahun 1943
Status	Pendudukan ketenteraan oleh Empayar Jepun
Ibu negara	Kuching
Bahasa yang umum digunakan	Jepun (official); Melayu; Cina; Bahasa Borneo
Kerajaan	Pendudukan ketenteraan
Empayar
• 1941–1945	Shōwa (Hirohito)
Gabenor-Jeneral
• 1941–1942	Kiyotake Kawaguchi
• 1942	Toshinari Maeda
• 1942–1944	Masataka Yamawaki
• 1944–1945	Masao Baba
Perdana Menteri
• 1941–1944	Hideki Tōjō
• 1944–1945	Kuniaki Koiso
• 1945	Kantarō Suzuki
Era Sejarah	Perang Dunia II
• Perang Pasifik bermula	8 Disember 1941
• Tentera Jepun mendarat di Miri	16 Disember 1941
• Tentera British menyerah	1 April 1942
• Pembebasan bersekutu Borneo utara	10 Jun 1945
• Penyerahan kalah Jepun	15 Ogos 1945
• Pentadbiran Tentera British ditubuhkan	12 September 1945
• Kembali ke kedudukan pentadbiran pra-perang	1 April 1946
Populasi
• 1945	950000
Mata wang	Dolar keluaran Jepun ("Wang pisang")
Didahului oleh	Diganti oleh
	Kerajaan Sarawak
	Brunei
	Borneo Utara
	Tanah Jajahan Mahkota Labuan
Pentadbiran Tentera British (Borneo)
Sekarang sebahagian dari	Brunei; Malaysia

Sebelum berlakunya Perang Dunia II di Pasifik, pulau Borneo dibahagikan kepada lima wilayah. Empat wilayah di utara dan di bawah kawalan British - Sarawak, Brunei, Labuan (pulau), dan British Borneo Utara; manakala sisanya dan sebahagian besar pulau di selatan di bawah bidang kuasa Hindia Timur Belanda.

Pada 16 Disember 1941, pasukan Jepun mendarat di Miri, sebahagian wilayah utara British, dari Teluk Cam Ranh di Indochina Perancis. Selepas pendaratan, angkatan tentera Jepun mengambil masa kurang daripada sebulan untuk mengatasi wilayah-wilayah dan kemudian menamakan semula bahagian utara sebagai Borneo Utara (北ボルネオ Kita Boruneo), Labuan sebagai Maida Island (前田島 Maeda-shima) dan wilayah Belanda yang berdekatan sebagai Borneo Selatan (南ボルネオ Minami Boruneo) dengan nama-nama Jepun.^[4]^[5]^[6] Buat pertama kali dalam sejarah moden, kedua-dua wilayah, yang telah lama dipisahkan di bawah peraturan penjajah Barat, telah bersatu di bawah pemerintahan penjajah Jepun dengan seluruh penduduknya menjadi mata pelajaran maharaja Jepun.^[7]

Wilayah-wilayah diperintah selama tiga tahun, di mana pihak berkuasa Jepun secara aktif menggalakkan pembiasaan budaya Jepun (penjepunan) dalam kalangan penduduk tempatan pulau itu dengan menghendaki mereka memasuki kelas bahasa Jepun. Jepun membahagi wilayah utara ke lima wilayah pemerintahan (洲code: ja is deprecated shu) dan membina lapangan terbang. Beberapa kem perang dikendalikan di seluruh pulau di mana kebanyakan pegawai penjajah Barat ditahan bersama dengan anggota gerakan bawah tanah yang menentang pemerintahan yang keras semasa pendudukan Jepun. Sementara itu, kedudukan pemimpin Melayu tempatan dikekalkan dengan pengawasan Jepun dan kebanyakan bidang tenaga kerja dipenuhi oleh orang-orang latar belakang Asia yang berbeza.

Menjelang akhir tahun 1945, komando Australia mula dikerahkan ke pulau itu oleh kapal selam AS di mana Unit Khas Bersekutu Z menjalankan operasi perisikan dan melatih seribu orang orang asli untuk melawan Jepun dalam peperangan gerila di bawah Kempen Borneo sambil bersiap sedia untuk bersekutu utama misi kemerdekaan. Berikutan pertempuran Borneo Utara dan Labuan dari 10 Jun 1945 dengan gabungan pasukan Australia dan Amerika, pulau Borneo dibebaskan dengan Pentadbiran Tentera Jepun digantikan dengan Pentadbiran Tentera British pada 12 September 1945.

Lihat juga

Penaklukan Hindia Timur Belanda oleh Jepun

Catatan

^ Penduduk adalah seperti berikut:
Sarawak: 580,000;
Brunei: 39,000;
North Borneo: 331,000

Nota kaki

Rujukan

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Pautan luar

Kategori berkenaan Pendudukan Jepun di Borneo British di Wikimedia Commons

[3] Penduduk adalah seperti berikut:
Sarawak: 580,000;
Brunei: 39,000;
North Borneo: 331,000

[FOOTNOTE日本サラワク協会1998-1] 日本サラワク協会 1998.

[FOOTNOTEKratoska2013111-2] Kratoska 2013, m/s. 111.

[FOOTNOTEVinogradov198073-4] Vinogradov 1980, m/s. 73.

[FOOTNOTEOoi2010133-5] Ooi 2010, m/s. 133.

[FOOTNOTEBraithwaite2016253-6] Braithwaite 2016, m/s. 253.

[FOOTNOTEJude2016-7] Jude 2016.

[FOOTNOTEBaldacchino201374-8] Baldacchino 2013, m/s. 74.

[1]

[2]

[note 1]

[3]

[4]

[5]

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[7]