Kot frock
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Kot frock ialah baju kot lelaki formal yang bercirikan skirt paras lutut, popular pada zaman Victoria dan zaman Edward (1830an–1910an). Kot ini adalah kot ketat berlengan panjang samada berbres tunggal atau dubel yang berbelah bahagian tengah belakang dan beberapa ciri lain dalam pakaian pasca Victoria. Kot ini termasuklah kolar dan lapel terbalik yang mana bahagian tepi lapel dipotong dari kain berasingan daripada badan utama kot dan sendat hingga ke garis pinggang, kemudian mengembang dari garis pinggang ke paha atau lutut, biasanya berkocek tutup dan berbutang pada garis pinggang. Seperti biasa dengan semua kot pada abad ke-19, pelapik bahu jarang dibuat atau minimal.
Nama
[sunting | sunting sumber]Nama kot frock muncul daripada baju frock sebelumnya.
Istilah terdahulu juga menggunakan redingote (atau redingotte, redingot),[1] berasal dari pemindaan bahasa Perancis ke bahasa Inggeris "riding coat" ("kot penunggang), satu contoh ayat pinjaman.
Galeri
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Redingote lelaki (1813)
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Redingote lelaki (kiri) (1831)
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Redingote croisée atau kot frock double-breasted (1837)
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Andrew Curtin (1860)
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Caspar Frederik Wegener (1863)
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"Terrible Twins" David Lloyd George dan Winston Churchill (1907) semasa kemuncak "fasa radikal" mereka sebagai reformis sosial
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Georges Clemenceau (1917)
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Uniform Mejar Jeneral Onodera Makoto (tahun 1930-1939)
Lihat juga
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Kot frock |
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Cari frock coat dalam Wikikamus bahasa Melayu, kamus bebas. |
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Cari redingote dalam Wikikamus bahasa Melayu, kamus bebas. |
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, Third Edition, September 2009
Bibliografi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Antongiavanni, Nicholas: The Suit, HarperCollins Publishers, New York, 2006. ISBN 0-06-089186-6
- Ashelford, Jane: The Art of Dress: clothing and society 1500-1914, Abrams, New York, 1996. ISBN 0-8109-6317-5
- Baumgarten, Linda: What Clothes Reveal: the language of clothing in colonial and federal America, Yale University Press, New haven, 2002. ISBN 0-300-09580-5
- Black, J. Anderson & Garland, Madge: A History of Fashion, Morrow, New York, 1975. ISBN 0-688-02893-4
- Byrd, Penelope: The Male Image: men's fashion in England 1300-1970. B. T. Batsford Ltd, London, 1979. ISBN 0-7134-0860-X
- Croonborg, Frederick: The Blue Book of Men's Tailoring. Croonborg Sartorial Co., New York and Chicago, 1907
- Cunnington, C. Willett & Cunnington, Phillis: Handbook of English Costume, 3rd ed. Plays Inc. Boston, 1970. ISBN 0-8238-0080-6
- de Marly, Diana: Working Dress: a history of occupational clothing, Batsford, London (UK), 1986; Holmes & Meier (US), 1987. ISBN 0-8419-1111-8
- Devere, Louis: The Handbook of Practical Cutting on the Centre Point System. London, 1866 revised and edited by R. L. Shep. R. L. Shep, Mendocino, California, 1986. ISBN 0-914046-03-9
- Doyle, Robert: The Art of the Tailor. Sartorial Press Publications, Stratford, Ontario, 2005. ISBN 0-9683039-2-7
- Druessedow, Jean L. (editor): Men's Fashion Illustration from the Turn of the Century Reprint. Originally published: New York: Jno J. Mitchell Co. 1910. Dover Publications, 1990 ISBN 0-486-26353-3
- Ettinger, Roseann: Men's Clothes and Fabrics. Schiffer Publishing Ltd, 1998. ISBN 0-7643-0616-2
- Laver, James: Costume and Fashion: a concise history, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1969. ISBN 0-500-20266-4
- Minister, Edward: The Complete Guide to Practical Cutting (1853) - Second Edition Vol 1 and 2. Edited by R. L. Shep. R. L. Shep, Mendocino, California, 1993. ISBN 0-914046-17-9
- Peacock, John: Men's Fashion: the complete sourcebook, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1996. ISBN 0-500-01725-5
- Salisbury, W. S.: Salisbury's System of Actual Measurement and Drafting for all Styles of Coats upon Geometric Principles. New York 1866. Reprinted in Civil War Gentlemen: 1860 Apparel Arts and Uniforms by R. L. Shep, Mendocino, California, 1994. ISBN 0-914046-22-5
- Tozer, Jane & Levitt, Sarah, Fabric of Society: a century of people and their clothes, 1770-1870, Laura Ashley Press, Carno, Powys, 1983 ISBN 0-9508913-0-4
- Unknown author: The Standard Work on Cutting Men's Garments. 4th ed. Originally pub. 1886 by Jno J Mitchell, New York. ISBN 0-916896-33-1
- Vincent, W. D. F.: The Cutter's Practical Guide. Vol II "All kinds of body coats". The John Williamson Company, London, c. 1893.
- Waugh, Norah: The Cut of Men's Clothes 1600-1900, Routledge, London, 1964. ISBN 0-87830-025-2