Isaac Newton

**Sir Isaac Newton**
Sir Isaac Newton
	Issac Newton saat berusia 46 tahun pada lukisan karya Godfrey Kneller tahun 1689.
Lahia	4 Januari 1643; (KJ: 25 Desember 1642); Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire, Inggris
Maningga	31 Maret 1727 (umua 84); (KJ: 20 Maret 1726/7); Kensington, Middlesex, Inggris, Britania Raya
Tampek tingga	Inggris
Kabangsaan	Inggris (kemudian Britania)
Bidang	Fisika; Filsafat alam; ; Matematika; Astronomi; ; Alkimia; Teologi Kristen; ; Ekonomi ; ;
Institusi	Universitas Cambridge; Royal Society; Royal Mint;
Alma mater	Kuliah Trinity, Cambridge
Pambimbiang; akademik	Isaac Barrow ; Benjamin Pulleyn ;
Mahasiswa; doktoral	Roger Cotes; William Whiston;
Dikana dek	Newtonian mechanics; Gravitasi Universal; kalkulus infinitesimal ; Optika; Deret binomial; ; Principia; Metode Newton; ;
Dipangaruahi	Johannes Kepler ; Henry More ; Polish Brethren ; Robert Boyle ;
Mampangaruahi	Nicolas Fatio de Duillier; John Keill;
	Tando tangan;

Sir Isaac Newton FRS (lahia di Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire, 4 Januari 1643 – maningga 31 Maret 1727 pado umua 84 taun; KJ: 25 Desember 1642 – 20 Maret 1726/7^[1]) adolah saurang fisikawan, matematikawan, ahli astronomi, filsuf alam, alkimiawan, dan teolog nan barasa dari Inggris. Baliau marupokan pangikuik aliran heliosentris jo ilmuwan nan sangaik bapangaruah sapanjang sijarah, bahkan dikatokan sabagai bapak ilmu fisika klasik.^[7]

Karya bukunyo Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica nan ditabikkan pado taun 1687 dianggap sabagai buku paliang bapangaruah sapanjang sijarah sains. Buku iko malatakan dasar-dasar mekanika klasik. Dalam karyanyo ko, Newton manjabarkan hukum gravitasi jo tigo hukum gerak nan mandominasi pandangan sains tantang alam samesta salamo tigo abaik. Newton barasia manunjuakan baso gerak benda di Bumi jo benda-benda lua angkasa lainnyo diatua dek sakumpulan hukum-hukum alam nan samo. Baliau mambuktikannyo jo manunjuakan konsistensi antaro hukum gerak planet Kepler jo teori gravitasinyo. Karyanyo iko akhianyo manyirnakan karaguan para ilmuwan akan heliosentrisme jo mamajukan revolusi ilmiah.

Dalam bidang mekanika, Newton mancetuskan adonyo prinsip kekekalan momentum jo momentum suduik. Dalam bidang optika, baliau barasia mambangun teleskop refleksi nan partamo^[8] dan mangambangan teori warna manuruit pangamatan baso sabuah kaco prisma akan mambagi cahayo putiah manjadi warna-warna lainnyo. Baliau marumuihan juo hukum pandinginan jo mampalajari kacepatan suaro.

Dalam bidang matematika pulo, basamo jo karya Gottfried Leibniz nan dilakukan sacaro tapisah, Newton mangambangan kalkulus diferensial jo kalkulus integral. Baliau juo barasia manjabarkan teori binomial, mangambangan "metode Newton" untuak malakukan pandakekan tahadok nilai nol suatu fungsi, dan bakontribusi tahadok kajian deret pangkat.

Sampai kini pun Newton masih sangaik bapangaruah di kalangan ilmuwan. Sabuah survei taun 2005 nan mananyoi para ilmuwan jo masyarakaik umum di Royal Society tantang siapokoh nan mambarikan kontribusi labiah gadang dalam sains, apokoh Newton atau Albert Einstein, manunjuakan baso Newton dianggap mambarikan kontribusi nan labiah gadang.^[9]

Daftar karya Newton

Method of Fluxions (1671)
De Motu Corporum (1684)
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)
Opticks (1704)
Reports as Master of the Mint Archived 2005-02-07 di Wayback Machine. (1701-1725)
Arithmetica Universalis (1707)
An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture(1754)

Rujuakan

↑ ^a ^b ^c Samaso iduik Newton, duo jinih kalender dipakai di Eropa: Julian ("pananggalan lamo") nan balaku untuak Protestan jo Ortodoks, tamasuak area Baritania Rayo; sarato Gregorian ("pananggalan baru") nan balaku untuak Katolik Roma di Eropa. Wakatu kalahiran Newton, pananggalan Gregorian sapuluah hari labiah maju dari pananggalan Julian: lalu kalahirannyo dicataikan pado tangga 25 Desember 1642 untuak pananggalan Julian dan dapek dikonversi manjadi 4 Januari 1643 untuak pananggalan Gregorian. Wakatu kamatian Newton, pabedaan antaro pananggalan batambuah manjadi sabaleh hari: Baliau maningga di awal periode pamakaian pananggalan Gregorian pado 1 Januari, walaupun sabalunnyo tahun baru pado pananggalan Julian adolah 25 Maret. Kamatiannyo dicataikan pado 20 Maret 1726 untuak pananggalan Julian, tetapi tahunnyo disasuaikan ka 1727. Untuak pananggalan Gregorian, dicataikan pado 31 Maret 1727.
↑ Mordechai Feingold, Barrow, Isaac (1630–1677), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2009; explained further in Mordechai Feingold's "Newton, Leibniz, and Barrow Too: An Attempt at a Reinterpretation" in Isis, Vol. 84, No. 2 (June 1993), pp. 310–338.
↑ "Newton, Isaac" in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography, n.4.
↑ Kutipan rusak: Tag <ref> indak sah; indak ado teks untuak ref banamo More
↑ Snobelen, Stephen D. (1999). "Isaac Newton, heretic : the strategies of a Nicodemite" (PDF). British Journal for the History of Science. 32 (4): 381–419. doi:10.1017/S0007087499003751.
↑ Stokes, Mitch (2010). Isaac Newton. Thomas Nelson. p. 97. ISBN 1595553037. http://books.google.gr/books?id=zpsoSXCeg5gC&pg=PA97&lpg=PA97&dq=#v=onepage&q="Boyle influenced Newton"&f=false. Diakses pado 17 Oktober 2012.
↑ "archive copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-01-06. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-04.
↑ "The Early Period (1608–1672)". James R. Graham's Home Page. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-03. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
↑ "Newton beats Einstein in polls of scientists and the public". The Royal Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-02-07. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-04.

Pautan lua

Wikimedia Commons mampunyoi
media nan bahubuangan jo
Isaac Newton

Ado kategori tantang Isaac Newton di Wikimedia Commons

Templat:Librivox author
Newton's Scholar Google profile
ScienceWorld biography by Eric Weisstein
Dictionary of Scientific Biography
"The Newton Project"
"The Newton Project – Canada"
"Newton's Dark Secrets" - NOVA TV programme
from The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
- "Isaac Newton", by George Smith
- "Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica", by George Smith
- "Newton's Philosophy", by Andrew Janiak
- "Newton's views on space, time, and motion", by Robert Rynasiewicz
"Newton's Castle" - educational material
"The Chymistry of Isaac Newton", research on his alchemical writings
The "General Scholium" to Newton's Principia Archived 2003-05-13 di Archive.is
Kandaswamy, Anand M. "The Newton/Leibniz Conflict in Context"
Newton's First ODE Archived 2007-07-05 di Wayback Machine. – A study by on how Newton approximated the solutions of a first-order ODE using infinite series
Templat:MathGenealogy
"The Mind of Isaac Newton" Archived 2006-12-13 di Wayback Machine. - images, audio, animations and interactive segments
Enlightening Science Videos on Newton's biography, optics, physics, reception, and on his views on science and religion
Newton biography (University of St Andrews)
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Newton, Sir Isaac". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Templat:NRA
Templat:Npg name
The Linda Hall Library has digitized Two copies of John Marsham's (1676) Canon Chronicus Aegyptiacus Archived 2020-09-20 di Wayback Machine., one of which was owned by Isaac Newton Archived 2020-10-13 di Wayback Machine., who marked salient passages by dog-earing the pages so that the corners acted as arrows. The books can be compared side-by-side to show what interested Newton.

Tulisan karya Newton

Newton's works – full texts, at the Newton Project
The Newton Manuscripts at the National Library of Israel - the collection of all his religious writings
(Inggirih) Karya-karya Isaac Newton di Proyek Gutenberg
Templat:Internet Archive author
Templat:Librivox author
"Newton's Principia" Archived 2009-08-10 di Wayback Machine. – read and search
Descartes, Space, and Body and A New Theory of Light and Colour, modernised readable versions by Jonathan Bennett
Opticks, or a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light, full text on archive.org
"Newton Papers" - Cambridge Digital Library
(1686) "A letter of Mr. Isaac Newton... containing his new theory about light and colors" Archived 2020-10-09 di Wayback Machine. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Vol. XVI, No. 179, p. 3057-3087. - digital facsimile at the Linda Hall Library
(1704) Opticks Archived 2020-10-16 di Wayback Machine. - digital facsimile at the Linda Hall Library
(1719) Optice Archived 2020-09-08 di Wayback Machine. - digital facsimile at the Linda Hall Library
(1729) Lectiones opticae Archived 2020-10-27 di Wayback Machine. - digital facsimile at the Linda Hall Library
(1749) Optices libri tres Archived 2020-09-16 di Wayback Machine. - digital facsimile at the Linda Hall Library

Iko baru laman rancangan. Bantulah Wikipedia untuak mangambangannyo.

[OSNS-1] Samaso iduik Newton, duo jinih kalender dipakai di Eropa: Julian ("pananggalan lamo") nan balaku untuak Protestan jo Ortodoks, tamasuak area Baritania Rayo; sarato Gregorian ("pananggalan baru") nan balaku untuak Katolik Roma di Eropa. Wakatu kalahiran Newton, pananggalan Gregorian sapuluah hari labiah maju dari pananggalan Julian: lalu kalahirannyo dicataikan pado tangga 25 Desember 1642 untuak pananggalan Julian dan dapek dikonversi manjadi 4 Januari 1643 untuak pananggalan Gregorian. Wakatu kamatian Newton, pabedaan antaro pananggalan batambuah manjadi sabaleh hari: Baliau maningga di awal periode pamakaian pananggalan Gregorian pado 1 Januari, walaupun sabalunnyo tahun baru pado pananggalan Julian adolah 25 Maret. Kamatiannyo dicataikan pado 20 Maret 1726 untuak pananggalan Julian, tetapi tahunnyo disasuaikan ka 1727. Untuak pananggalan Gregorian, dicataikan pado 31 Maret 1727.

[2] Mordechai Feingold, Barrow, Isaac (1630–1677), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2009; explained further in Mordechai Feingold's "Newton, Leibniz, and Barrow Too: An Attempt at a Reinterpretation" in Isis, Vol. 84, No. 2 (June 1993), pp. 310–338.

[3] "Newton, Isaac" in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography, n.4.

[More-4] Kutipan rusak: Tag <ref> indak sah; indak ado teks untuak ref banamo More

[heretic-5] Snobelen, Stephen D. (1999). "Isaac Newton, heretic : the strategies of a Nicodemite" (PDF). British Journal for the History of Science. 32 (4): 381–419. doi:10.1017/S0007087499003751.

[6] Stokes, Mitch (2010). Isaac Newton. Thomas Nelson. p. 97. ISBN 1595553037. http://books.google.gr/books?id=zpsoSXCeg5gC&pg=PA97&lpg=PA97&dq=#v=onepage&q="Boyle influenced Newton"&f=false. Diakses pado 17 Oktober 2012.

[7] "archive copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-01-06. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-04.

[8] "The Early Period (1608–1672)". James R. Graham's Home Page. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-03. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}

[9] "Newton beats Einstein in polls of scientists and the public". The Royal Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-02-07. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-04.

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