Malieria
Malieria a wah infekshos diziiz pred bai maskita tu yuuman ah ada hanimals chuu parasitik pruotozuowan (wah gruup a singgl-sel maikrohaaganizim) we bilangx tu di Plasmodium taip.[1] Malieria kaaz simtom we tipikali ingkluud fiiva, fatiig, vamitin, ah ediek. Ina sivier kies ikiah kaaz yelo kin, siija, kuoma, ar det.[2] Simtom yuujali bigin ten tu fiftiin die afta smadi get bait. Ef ino prapali chriit, piipl maita ab rikorans a di diziiz soh mont lieta.[1] Ina demde uu riisantli sovaiv infekshan, riihinfekshan yuujali kaaz maila simtom. Dis paashal rizistans disapier uoba soh mont tu ier ef di poersn no kantiniu expuoz tu malieria.[2]
Di diziiz muos kamanli chanzmit bai wah infektid fiimiel Anopheles maskita. Di maskita bait inchajuus di parasaitdem frah di maskita salaiva ina di persn blod.[1] Di parasaitdem chrabl tu di liva we deh machior ah riprojuus. Faib spiishiz a Plasmodium kiah infek ah pred bai yuuman.[2] Muos det kaaz bai P. falciparum bikaa P. vivax, P. ovale, ah P. malariae jinarali kaaz a maila faam a malieria.[1][2] Di spiishiz P. knowlesi rierli kaaz diziiz ina yuuman.[1] Malieria tipikali dayagnuoz bai di maikroskapik egzaminieshan a blod we yuuz blod flim, ar wid antijen-bies rapid dayagnastik tes.[2] Metod we yuuz di palimeriez chien riakshan fi ditek di parasait DNA eh-don divelop, bot no waidli yuuz ina ieria we malieria kaman juu tu deh kaas ah komplexiti.[3]
Di rix a diziiz kiah rijuus bai privent maskita bait bai yuuz maskita net ah insek ripelant, ar wid maskita-kanchuol meja laka sprie insektisaid ah jrien standin waata.[2] Wuoliip a medikieshan avielebl fi privent malieria ina trabla tu ieria we di diziiz kaman. Okiejanal duos a di medikieshan solfadaxiin/pairimetamiin rekomen fi infant ah afta di fos chraimesta a prignansi ina ieria wid ai riet a malieria. Dispait di niid, no ifektiv vaxiin no egzis, alduo efoert fi divelop wan angwain.[1] Di rikomen chriitment fi malieria a wah kombinieshan a antimalierial medikieshan we ingkluud aatimisinin.[1][2] Di sekan medikieshan kiah bi aida meflokwiin, lumefanchriin, ar solfadaxiin/pairimetamiin.[4] Kuiniin tugiada wid daxisaikliin kiah yuuz ef no aatimisinin no avielebl.[4] Irekomen ina ieria we di diziiz kaman, malieria fi kanfoerm ef pasibl bifuo chriitment taat juu tu kansoern bout ingkriisin jog rizistans. Rizistans mongx di parasait divelop tu sebral antimalierial medikieshan; fi egzampl, kluorokwiin-rizistant P. falciparum don-pred tu muos malierial ieria, ah rizistans tu aatimisinin a prablem ina som paat a Soutiis Ieja.[1]
Di diziiz pred waid ina di chapikal ah sobchapikal riijan we egzis ina braad ban rong di ikwieta.[2] Dis ingkluud moch a Sob-Sa'aaran Afrika, Ieja, ah Latn Amoerka. Ina 2015, a wena 214 milian kies a malieria wolwaid.[5] Dis rizolt ina estimietid 438,000 det, 90% a we okor ina Afrika.[5] Riet a diziiz dikriis frah 2000 tu 2015 bai 37%,[5] bot ingkriis frah 2014 juurin wen a weh 198 milian kies.[6] Malieria kamanli asosiet wid pavati ah iab mieja negitiv ifek pah ikanamik divelopment.[7][8] Ina Afrika, iestimiet fi rizolt ina laas a US$12 bilian a ier juu tu ingkriis eltkier kaas, laas abiliti fi wok, ah negitiv ifek pah tuorizim.[9]
Sain ah simtom
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Di sain ah simtom a malieria tipikali bigin 8–25 die falarin infekshan;[10] ousomeba, simtom kiah okor lieta ina demde uu eh-tek antimalierial medikieshan az privenshan.[3] Inishal manifestieshan a di diziiz—kaman tu haal malieria spiishiz—komiin laka fluu simtom,[11] ah kiah rizembl ada kandishan laka sepsis, gaschoentaraitis, ah vairal diziiz.[3] Di prizentieshan kiah ingkluud ediek, fiiva, shivarin, jaint pien, vamitin, iimolitik aniimia, jaandis, iimogluobin ina di yuurin, retinal damij, ah kanvolshan.[12]
Di klasik simtom a malieria a paraxizim—saiklikal okorans a sodn kuolnis fala bai shivarin ah den fiiva ah swetin, okorin ebri tuu die (toershan fiiva) ina P. vivax ah P. ovale infekshan, ah ebri chrii die (kwaatan fiiva) fi P. malariae. P. falciparum infekshan kiah kaaz rikorant fiiva ebri 36–48 howa, ar les pronongs ah aalmuos kantinyuos fiiva.[13]
Sivier malieria yuujali kaaz bai P. falciparum (muotaim refa tu az falciparum malieria). Simtom a falciparum malieria araiz 9–30 die afta infekshan.[11] Indivijual wid seriibral malieria friikuentli egzibit nyuuralajikal simtom, ingkluudn abnaamal pascharin, nistagmos, kanjuget giez paalzi (fielia a di yaidem fi ton tugiada ina di siem direkshan), opistotuonus, siija, ar kuoma.[11]
Refrans
[change up | change up di source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Malaria Fact sheet N°94." March 2014. Nuoroda tikrinta 28 August 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Caraballo H (2014). "Emergency department management of mosquito-borne illness: Malaria, dengue, and west nile virus". Emergency Medicine Practice 16 (5). http://www.ebmedicine.net/topics.php?paction=showTopic&topic_id=405.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Malaria: An update for physicians". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 26 (2): 243–59. 2012. Template:Citation error. PMID 22632637.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Organization, World Health (2010). Guidelines for the treatment of malaria (2nd ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. p. ix. ISBN 9789241547925.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Malaria Fact sheet N°94." WHO. Nuoroda tikrinta 2 February 2016.
- ↑ WHO (2014). World Malaria Report 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. pp. 32–42. ISBN 978-92-4156483-0. http://www.who.int/entity/malaria/publications/world_malaria_report_2014/en/index.html.
- ↑ Gollin D, Zimmermann C (August 2007).
- ↑ Worrall E, Basu S, Hanson K (2005).
- ↑ Greenwood BM, Bojang K, Whitty CJ, Targett GA (2005).
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Fairhurst RM, Wellems TE (2010).
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Bartoloni A, Zammarchi L (2012).
- ↑ Beare NA, Taylor TE, Harding SP, Lewallen S, Molyneux ME (2006).
- ↑ Ferri FF (2009).
