Asụsụ Herero

Herero Otjiherero
Spoken in:	Namibia, Botswana, Angola
Region:	Kunene, Omaheke Region and Otjozondjupa Region in Namibia; Ghanzi in Botswana; Namibe, Huíla and Cunene in Angola
Total speakers:	Àtụ:Sigfig
Language family:	Nnijer–Kongo  Atlantic–Congo   Volta-Congo    Benue–Congo     Bantoid      Southern Bantoid       Bantu        Kavango – Southwest Bantu         Southwest Bantu          Herero (R.30)           HereroÀtụ:Infobox Language/script
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	hz
ISO 639-2:	her
ISO 639-3:	her
Distribution of Otjiherero in Namibia.png

Onye na-ekwu okwu Herero, nke edere na Namibia.

Herero (Otjiherero) bụ Asụsụ Bantu nke ndị Herero Ndị Mbanderu na Namibia na Botswana na-asụ, yana obere obodo ndị dị na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Angola. nwere ndị ọkà okwu 250,000 na mba ndị a n'etiti afọ 2015 na 2018.

Nbudata

Mgbasa asụsụ ya na-ekpuchi mpaghara a na-akpọ Hereroland, nke mejupụtara mpaghara Omaheke tinyere mpaghara Otjozondjupa na Kunene. Ndị Himba, ndị nwere njikọ na Herero na Mbanderu, na-asụ olumba dị nso na Otjiherero. Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Herero bi na Windhoek, isi obodo Namibia.

Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

Mkpụrụ okwu

		Akpụkpọ ahụ	Ezé ezé	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Mkpịsị aka
Ụgbọ imi		m	n̪	n	ɲ
Plosive/Africate	ala dị larịị	p	t̪	t	tʃ	k
	Nri	mb	nd̪	nd	ndʒ	ŋɡ
Ihe na-esiri ike	enweghị olu	(f)	θ	(s)			h
	kwuru okwu	v	ð
Ihe na-atọ ụtọ				r
Ihe atụ		w		(l)	j

na-ahụ ụda /f s l/ na okwu ndị a gbazitere.

Mkpụrụedemede

	N'ihu	Central	Ịlaghachi azụ
N'akụkụ	i iː		u uː
N'etiti	ɛ ɛː		Ọ bụ n'afọ ka a na-akpọ ɔː
Emeghe		Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ka a ghara inwe ihe ọ bụla Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka a na-ekwu na ọ bụ mgbe a na-akọwa ya

Ihe odide

N'ihi nsụgharị nke onye ozi ala ọzọ Gottlieb Viehe (1839-1901) nke Bible n'ime Herero, na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19, e depụtaghachiri asụsụ a na-asụ na mkpụrụedemede dabere na mkpụrụedemhe Latin. Nna Peter Heinrich Brincker (1836-1904) sụgharịrị ọtụtụ ọrụ na abụ nkà mmụta okpukpe.

Orthography

• a - [ɑ]
• b - [b]
• d - [d]
• ḓ - [d̪]
• e - [ɛ]
• f - [f]
• g - [g]
• h - [h]
• m - [i]
• j - [j]
• k - [k]
• l - [l]
• m - [m]
• mb - [mb]
• mw - [mw]
• n - [n]
• ndj - [ndʒ]
• ng - [ŋɡ]
• ngw - [ŋɡw]
• nj - [ɲ]
• ṋ - [n̪]
• o - [ọ]
• p - [p]
• r - [r]
• s - [s]
• t - [t]
• t - [t͡ʃ]
• ṱ - [t̪]
• u - [u/w]
• v - [v]
• w - [w]
• y - [j]
• z - [z]

A na-agbakọta ụdaume ogologo okpukpu abụọ.

a na-eji f na l eme ihe naanị n'okwu ndị a gbazitere.

Mmụta

A na-akụzi Otjiherero n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Namibia ma dị ka asụsụ ala ma dị kaasụsụ nke abụọ. A gụnyere ya dị ka isi ihe na Mahadum nke Namibia. Otjiherero bụkwa otu n'ime asụsụ isii ndị pere mpe nke Redio Mba Namibia (NBC) na-eji. Gamsberg Macmillan, dị ka nke afọ 2008, bipụtara naanị akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu na Otjiherero.

Ụdị dị iche iche

A na-ewere ụdị Hakaona ugbu a dị ka asụsụ Bantu dị iche, dịka mgbe ụfọdụ bụ Zemba (Otjizemba). Maho (200) wepụkwara Kuvale na Mpaghara Bantu R.10, mgbe ọ na-ekewa North-West Herero (Kaokoland Herero, gụnyere Zemba na ikekwe Himba na Hakaona), R.311, na Botswana Herero (gụnyere Mahalapye Herero), R.-312, dị ka ihe dị iche na Herero n'onwe ya. N'ime Herero n'onwe ya, ọ ghọtara asụsụ abụọ: Central Herero na Mbandero (East Herero).

A na-ahụ Northwest / Zemba n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke ókèala Namibia na Angola. Central Herero na-ekpuchi nnukwu mpaghara dị n'etiti Namibia, na East Herero na agwaetiti ole na ole n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ mana ọ ka dị na Namibia. Botswa Herero nwere agwaetiti ole na ole gbasasịrị na Botswana, nke nwere ihe dịka 15% nke ndị bi na Herero n'onwe ya.

Ethnologue kewara Zimba dị ka asụsụ dị iche mana ọ na-ejigide Himba, East Herero, na Botswana Herero n'ime asụsụ Herero. Otú dị, ọ naghịzi anabata Kuvale dị ka olumba kama dị ka asụsụ dị iche.

Ebe e si nweta ya

• [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Wörterbuch und kurzgefasste Grammatik des Otji-Herero. Leipzig (reprint 1964 Ridgwood, NJ: The Gregg Press).
• [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Grundzüge einer Grammatik des Hereró. Berlin: Verlag von Wilhelm Hertz.
• [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ntụgharị mpaghara na Otjiherero: karịa na ọdịiche morpho-syntactic na Bantu. " Na: Laura Downing, Lutz Marten & Sabine Zerbian (ed.), Papers in Bantu Grammar, ZAS Papers in Linguistics 43, 97 - 122.
• Marten, Lutz & Nancy C. Kula (2007). "Morphosyntactic co-variation in Bantu: abụọ case studies. " SOAS Working Papers in Linguistics 15.227-238.
• Möhlig, Wilhelm, Lutz Marten & Jekura U. Kavari (2002). A Grammatical Sketch nke Herero (Otjiherero). Köln: Köppe (Grammatische Analysen afrikanischer Sprachen; v.19).

Edensibia

re mpaghara Otjozondjupa na Kunene. Ndị Himba, ndị nwere njikọ na Herero na Mbanderu, na-asụ olumba dị nso na Otjiherero. Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Herero bi na Windhoek, isi obodo Namibia.