Sensus Penduduk Indonesia 1961: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Referensi == |
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=== Catatan kai === |
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=== Bibliografi === |
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{{Refbegin|2}} |
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* {{Cite book | last1 = Ananta | first1 = Aris | last2 = Arifin | first2 = Evi Nurvidya | last3 = Hasbullah | first3 = M. Sairi | last4 = Handayani | first4 = Nur Budi | last5 = Pramono | first5 = Agus | date = 2015 | title = Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=crKfCgAAQBAJ | publisher = [[Institute of Southeast Asian Studies]] | publication-place = Singapore | isbn = 978-981-4519-87-8}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Brand | first = W. | date = 1969 | title = Some Statistical Data on Indonesia | url = https://brill.com/downloadpdf/journals/bki/125/3/article-p305_1.pdf | journal = [[Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde]] | publisher = [[Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde]] | volume = 125 | issue = 3 | pages = 305–327 | doi = 10.1163/22134379-95002836 | doi-access = free | jstor = 27861048 | jstor-access = free}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Castles | first = Lance | author-link = Lance Castles | date = April 1967 | title = The Ethnic Profile of Djakarta | url = https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/53408/INDO_3_0_1107136724_153_204.pdf | journal = Indonesia | publisher = Cornell University Southeast Asia Program | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | pages = 153–204 | doi = 10.2307/3350726 | hdl = 1813/53408 | hdl-access = free | jstor = 3350726}} |
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* {{Cite web | url = https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/10th-session/documents/doc58/1958-237-PopCensus-ProgressRep-E.pdf | title = E/CN.3/237 1960 World Population Census Programme: Progress Report | publisher = [[United Nations Statistical Commission]] | date = 20 January 1958 | website = [[United Nations Statistics Division]] | accessdate = 6 January 2023 | ref = {{sfnref|UNSD|1958}}}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Hawkins | first = Everett D. | date = May 1966 | title = Job Inflation in Indonesia | url = https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaae385.pdf | journal = [[Asian Survey]] | publisher = Institute of International Studies, University of California | volume = 6 | issue = 5 | pages = 264–275 | doi = 10.2307/2642536 | jstor = 2642536}} |
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* <!-- Unused -->{{Cite book | last = Hawkins | first = Everett D. | editor-last = Chandrasekhar | editor-first = S. | editor-link = Sripati Chandrasekhar | date = 2022 | orig-date = 1967 | chapter = Indonesia's Population Problem | title = Asia's Population Problems: With a Discussion of Population and Immigration in Australia | publisher = [[Routledge]] | publication-place = London | doi = 10.4324/9781003334026 | isbn = 978-1-032-36833-7}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Hunter | first = A. | author-link = Alex Hunter (economist) | date = June 1966 | title = Notes on Indonesian Population | url = https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00074916612331332927 | journal = [[Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies]] | publisher = [[Routledge]] | volume = 2 | issue = 4 | pages = 36–49 | doi = 10.1080/00074916612331332927}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Jones | first = G. W. | author-link = Gavin Jones (demographer) | date = June 1966 | title = The Growth and Changing Structure of the Indonesian Labour Force, 1930–81 | url = https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00074916612331332937 | journal = [[Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies]] | publisher = [[Routledge]] | volume = 2 | issue = 4 | pages = 50–74 | doi = 10.1080/00074916612331332937}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Jones | first = Gavin W. | author-link = Gavin Jones (demographer) | date = October 1976 | title = Religion and Education in Indonesia | url = https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/53625/INDO_22_0_1107107671_19_56.pdf | journal = Indonesia | publisher = Cornell Southeast Asia Program | volume = 22 | issue = 22 | pages = 19–56 | doi = 10.2307/3350976 | hdl = 1813/53625 | hdl-access = free | jstor = 3350976}} |
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* {{Cite book | last = Kahin | first = Audrey | date = 2015 | title = Historical Dictionary of Indonesia | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YcuhCgAAQBAJ | edition = 3rd | publisher = [[Rowman & Littlefield]] | publication-place = Lanham, Maryland | isbn = 978-0-8108-7195-3}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Keyfitz | first = Nathan | author-link = Nathan Keyfitz | date = May 1965 | title = Age Distribution as a Challenge to Development | url = https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/223960 | journal = [[American Journal of Sociology]] | publisher = [[University of Chicago Press]] | volume = 70 | issue = 6 | pages = 659–668 | doi = 10.1086/223960 | jstor = 2774392| s2cid = 144279945 }} |
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* {{Cite book | last = Lagerberg | first = Kees | date = 1979 | title = West Irian and Jakarta Imperialism | url = https://www.papuaheritage.org/sites/default/files/collectie/files/2003-10/Lagerberg_1979_West Irian.pdf | publisher = [[C. Hurst & Co.]] | publication-place = London | isbn = 978-0-905838-03-8}} |
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* <!-- Unused -->{{Cite journal | last = McNicoll | first = Geoffrey | date = April 1968 | title = The Internal Migration in Indonesia: Descriptive Notes | url = https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/53434/INDO_5_0_1107138147_29_92.pdf | journal = Indonesia | publisher = Cornell University Southeast Asia Program | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | pages = 29–92 | doi = 10.2307/3350764 | hdl = 1813/53434 | hdl-access = free | jstor = 3350764}} |
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* {{Cite magazine | date = November 1960 | title = Menghadapi Sensus Penduduk 1961 | trans-title = Understanding the 1961 Population Census | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=t1odAQAAIAAJ | magazine = Mimbar Penerangan | language = Indonesian | location = Jakarta | publisher = [[Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Indonesia)|Departemen Penerangan]] | volume = 11 | issue = 11 | pages = 723–727 | oclc = 1799283 | ref = {{sfnref|Deppen|1960b}}}} |
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* <!-- Unused -->{{Cite book | date = 1968 | title = Methods of Analysing Census Data on Economic Activities of the Population | url = https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/files/documents/2020/Jan/un_1968_methods_of_analysing_census_data_on_economic_activities_of_the_population_0.pdf | publisher = [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]] | publication-place = New York | ref = {{sfnref|UN DESA|1968}}}} |
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* {{Cite journal | last = Milone | first = Pauline D. | date = August 1964 | title = Contemporary Urbanization in Indonesia | journal = [[Asian Survey]] | publisher = Institute of International Studies, University of California | volume = 4 | issue = 8 | pages = 1000–1012 | doi = 10.2307/2642637 | jstor = 2642637}} |
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* {{Cite thesis | last = Muhidin | first = Salahudin | date = 2002 | title = The Population of Indonesia: Regional Demographic Scenarios Using a Multiregional Method and Multiple Data Sources | url = https://research.rug.nl/files/9931863/thesis.pdf | degree = PhD | publisher = Rozenberg Publishers | publication-place = Amsterdam | hdl = 11370/b1418411-9630-4979-8c72-3f8410ad2ef3 | hdl-access = free | isbn = 978-90-5170-596-6 | s2cid = 130006086}} |
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* {{Cite magazine | date = September–October 1960 | title = Multum in Extenso | trans-title = Much in the Extended | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=t1odAQAAIAAJ | magazine = Mimbar Penerangan | language = Indonesian | location = Jakarta | publisher = [[Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Indonesia)|Departemen Penerangan]] | volume = 11 | issue = 9/10 | pages = 666–671 | oclc = 1799283 | ref = {{sfnref|Deppen|1960a}}}} |
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* {{Cite book | last = Nitisastro | first = Widjojo | author-link = Widjojo Nitisastro | date = 2006 | orig-date = 1970 | title = Population Trends in Indonesia | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RQbd3-G6riUC | publisher = [[Equinox Publishing (Jakarta)|Equinox Publishing Indonesia]] | publication-place = Jakarta | isbn = 978-979-3780-43-6}} |
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* {{Cite book | last1 = Suryadinata | first1 = Leo | author1-link = Leo Suryadinata | last2 = Arifin | first2 = Evi Nurvidya | last3 = Ananta | first3 = Aris | date = 2003 | title = Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=GzHqWZVtMzEC | publisher = [[Institute of Southeast Asian Studies]] | publication-place = Singapore | isbn = 978-981-230-218-2}} |
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{{Refend}} |
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=== Peraturan perundang-undangan === |
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{{Refbegin|2}} |
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* {{Cite act | type = Government Ordinance | index = 49 | date = 1960 | legislature = [[Second Working Cabinet (Sukarno)|Second Working Cabinet]] | title = Penyelenggaraan Sensus Penduduk 1961 | trans-title = Administration of the 1961 Population Census | url = https://jdihn.go.id/files/4/1960pp049.pdf | language = id | ref = {{sfnref|Gov't. Ord. No. 49 of 1960}}}} |
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* {{Cite act | type = Law | index = 6 | date = 1960 | legislature = [[People's Representative Council|People's Representative Council of Mutual Aid]] | title = Sensus | trans-title = The Census | url = https://jdihn.go.id/files/4/1960uu006.pdf | language = id | ref = {{sfnref|Law No. 6 of 1960}}}} |
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{{Refend}} |
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== Pranala luar == |
== Pranala luar == |
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* [http://www.statoids.com/uid.html Statoids] |
* [http://www.statoids.com/uid.html Statoids] |
Revisi per 10 November 2024 02.30
Sensus Penduduk 1961 | |
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Informasi umum | |
Negara | Indonesia |
Tanggal diambil | 31 Oktober 1961 |
Total populasi | 97.018.829 |
Perubahan persen | 59.8% |
province paling padat | Jawa Timur (21.823.020) |
province paling kurang padat | Kalimantan Tengah (496.522) |
Sensus Penduduk Indonesia 1961 merupakan sensus pertama Indonesia sebagai negara berdaulat. Dengan jumlah penduduk sebesar 97.018.829 jiwa, Indonesia merupakan negara terpadat kelima di dunia saat itu. Sensus ini mencakup seluruh wilayah di Indonesia, tetapi tidak dilakukan penghitungan di wilayah Papua Nugini Barat karena saat itu masih berada di bawah pendudukan Belanda. Sebagai gantinya, perkiraan jumlah penduduk wilayah tersebut dimasukkan dalam angka sensus akhir. Menurut sensus tahun 1961, kepadatan penduduk Indonesia saat itu adalah 50,9 jiwa/km2.
Sebagai sensus pertama Indonesia sejak era kolonial Belanda (tahun 1930), data hasil sensus ini digunakan untuk merencanakan pembangunan masa depan bangsa.[1] Sepertiga penduduk Indonesia h sepuluh tahun, dan 65 persen dari populasi tinggal di pulau Jawa, yang dianggap kelebihan populasi sejak tahun 1930-an. Para ahli demografi menekankan bahwa sebagian besar kaum muda menyebabkan tantangan demografi. Mengingat sekitar seperlima pemuda pedesaan masih menganggur, muncul pertanyaan apakah Indonesia akan mampu menyerap gelombang pekerja baru di masa mendatang. Pertanian merupakan industri dominan yang mempekerjakan 72 orang persen pekerja. Sensus juga mengumpukan data terkait tingkat kehadiran sekolah masyarakat untuk memfasilitasi perencanaan pendidikan. Hampir setengah dari penduduk berusia sepuluh tahun ke atas dapat membaca dan menulis dalam aksara Latin maupun aksara non-Latin.
Sekitar 350.000 petugas pendataan terdaftar di tingkat provinsi, kabupaten, dan kecamatan. Pelaksanaan sensus dimulai pada bulan Februari 1961, dengan penghitungan dan verifikasi akhir dilakukan pada bulan Oktober. Tabulasi dilakukan di biro statistik tingkat provinsi, tetapi hanya data dari tiga provinsi yang diproses secara lengkap. Data untuk wilayah Indonesia lainnya diambil dari survei 1 tabulasi sampel persen dari pengembalian sensus, dan banyak hasil sensus asli telah hilang.
Latar belakang
Sensus penduduk 1961 merupakan sensus pertama di Indonesia setelah merdeka dari Belanda.[2] Sensus Hindia Belanda tahun 1930 adalah sensus sebelumnya yang telah diselesaikan dengan hasil perhitungan jumlah penduduk sebanyak 60.727.233 jiwa.[1] [3] Setelah sensus 1930, ada rencana untuk melakukan sensus pada tahun 1940, namun dibatalkan karena Perang Dunia II.[4] Berdasarkan asumsi tingkat pertumbuhan konstan dari sensus tahun 1930, estimasi populasi resmi untuk tahun 1940 adalah 70,4 juta penduduk.[5] Perkiraan selanjutnya pada tahun 1950—kali ini dihimpun dari catatan pendaftaran sipil yang dimiliki oleh kepala desa setempat—menunjukkan jumlah penduduk sebesar 77,2 juta jiwa. Namun, catatan populasi di beberapa wilayah Jawa dan wilayah lain di Indonesia pada saat itu seringkali kurang lengkap, dan metode pengumpulan data tidak konsisten; oleh karena itu, keandalan estimasi ini dipertanyakan.[6]
Pada tahun 1953, Komisi Statistik dan Komisi Populasi PBB mulai mendorong negara-negara anggota PBB untuk melakukan dan menyelesaikan sensus nasional mereka pada tahun 1960 dengan menggunakan metode statistik baru.[7] Sebagai tanggapan menganai hal itu, Kabinet Djuanda membentuk Biro Pusat Statistik (disingkat BPS) melalui peraturan pada bulan Januari 1958 dan memerintahkannya untuk mempersiapkan sensus yang akan diadakan pada tahun 1960 atau 1961.[8] Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Gotong Royong, mencabut undang-undang sensus era Belanda atas nama perencanaan dan pembangunan nasional,[9] dan Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 1960 tentang Sensus menjadi dasar hukum baru sensus.[10]
Jumlah penduduk berdasarkan urutan
Provinsi | Jumlah penduduk |
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Jawa Timur | 21.823.020 |
Jawa Tengah | 18.407.471 |
Jawa Barat | 17.614.555 |
Sulawesi Selatan | 5.076.138 |
Sumatera Utara | 4.964.734 |
Sumatera Selatan | 4.847.224 |
DKI Jakarta | 2.906.533 |
Sumatera Barat | 2.319.057 |
DI Yogyakarta | 2.241.477 |
Sulawesi Utara | 2.003.211 |
Nusa Tenggara Timur | 1.967.297 |
Nusa Tenggara Barat | 1.807.830 |
Bali | 1.782.529 |
Aceh | 1.628.983 |
Kalimantan Barat | 1.581.034 |
Kalimantan Selatan | 1.473.155 |
Riau | 1.234.184 |
Maluku | 789.534 |
Papua | 758.396 |
Jambi | 744.381 |
Kalimantan Timur | 550.765 |
Kalimantan Tengah | 496.522 |
Referensi
Catatan kai
- ^ a b Nitisastro 2006, hlm. 169.
- ^ Nitisastro 2006, hlm. 168.
- ^ Nitisastro 2006, hlm. 75.
- ^ Kahin 2015, hlm. 85.
- ^ Nitisastro 2006, hlm. 116–117.
- ^ Nitisastro 2006, hlm. 124–125.
- ^ UNSD 1958, hlm. 3–4.
- ^ Deppen 1960a, hlm. 666, 669.
- ^ Deppen 1960b, hlm. 725.
- ^ Nitisastro 2006, hlm. 170.
Bibliografi
- Ananta, Aris; Arifin, Evi Nurvidya; Hasbullah, M. Sairi; Handayani, Nur Budi; Pramono, Agus (2015). Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-981-4519-87-8.
- Brand, W. (1969). "Some Statistical Data on Indonesia" (PDF). Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 125 (3): 305–327. doi:10.1163/22134379-95002836 . JSTOR 27861048 .
- Castles, Lance (April 1967). "The Ethnic Profile of Djakarta" (PDF). Indonesia. Cornell University Southeast Asia Program. 3 (3): 153–204. doi:10.2307/3350726. hdl:1813/53408 . JSTOR 3350726.
- "E/CN.3/237 1960 World Population Census Programme: Progress Report" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. United Nations Statistical Commission. 20 January 1958. Diakses tanggal 6 January 2023.
- Hawkins, Everett D. (May 1966). "Job Inflation in Indonesia" (PDF). Asian Survey. Institute of International Studies, University of California. 6 (5): 264–275. doi:10.2307/2642536. JSTOR 2642536.
- Hawkins, Everett D. (2022). "Indonesia's Population Problem". Dalam Chandrasekhar, S. Asia's Population Problems: With a Discussion of Population and Immigration in Australia. London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781003334026. ISBN 978-1-032-36833-7.
- Hunter, A. (June 1966). "Notes on Indonesian Population". Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies. Routledge. 2 (4): 36–49. doi:10.1080/00074916612331332927.
- Jones, G. W. (June 1966). "The Growth and Changing Structure of the Indonesian Labour Force, 1930–81". Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies. Routledge. 2 (4): 50–74. doi:10.1080/00074916612331332937.
- Jones, Gavin W. (October 1976). "Religion and Education in Indonesia" (PDF). Indonesia. Cornell Southeast Asia Program. 22 (22): 19–56. doi:10.2307/3350976. hdl:1813/53625 . JSTOR 3350976.
- Kahin, Audrey (2015). Historical Dictionary of Indonesia (edisi ke-3rd). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8108-7195-3.
- Keyfitz, Nathan (May 1965). "Age Distribution as a Challenge to Development". American Journal of Sociology. University of Chicago Press. 70 (6): 659–668. doi:10.1086/223960. JSTOR 2774392.
- Lagerberg, Kees (1979). West Irian and Jakarta Imperialism (PDF). London: C. Hurst & Co. ISBN 978-0-905838-03-8.
- McNicoll, Geoffrey (April 1968). "The Internal Migration in Indonesia: Descriptive Notes" (PDF). Indonesia. Cornell University Southeast Asia Program. 5 (5): 29–92. doi:10.2307/3350764. hdl:1813/53434 . JSTOR 3350764.
- "Menghadapi Sensus Penduduk 1961" [Understanding the 1961 Population Census]. Mimbar Penerangan (dalam bahasa Indonesian). Vol. 11 no. 11. Jakarta: Departemen Penerangan. November 1960. hlm. 723–727. OCLC 1799283.
- Methods of Analysing Census Data on Economic Activities of the Population (PDF). New York: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 1968.
- Milone, Pauline D. (August 1964). "Contemporary Urbanization in Indonesia". Asian Survey. Institute of International Studies, University of California. 4 (8): 1000–1012. doi:10.2307/2642637. JSTOR 2642637.
- Muhidin, Salahudin (2002). The Population of Indonesia: Regional Demographic Scenarios Using a Multiregional Method and Multiple Data Sources (Tesis PhD). Amsterdam: Rozenberg Publishers. ISBN 978-90-5170-596-6. https://research.rug.nl/files/9931863/thesis.pdf.
- "Multum in Extenso" [Much in the Extended]. Mimbar Penerangan (dalam bahasa Indonesian). Vol. 11 no. 9/10. Jakarta: Departemen Penerangan. September–October 1960. hlm. 666–671. OCLC 1799283.
- Nitisastro, Widjojo (2006). Population Trends in Indonesia. Jakarta: Equinox Publishing Indonesia. ISBN 978-979-3780-43-6.
- Suryadinata, Leo; Arifin, Evi Nurvidya; Ananta, Aris (2003). Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-981-230-218-2.
Peraturan perundang-undangan
- "Penyelenggaraan Sensus Penduduk 1961" [Administration of the 1961 Population Census]. Government Ordinance No. 49 Tahun 1960 (PDF). Second Working Cabinet.
- "Sensus" [The Census]. Law No. 6 Tahun 1960 (PDF). People's Representative Council of Mutual Aid.
Pranala luar