Hijirar ɗan adam
- Don cikakken ra'ayi na nau'in barin waje, duba ƙaura . Don mutane masu motsi bayanai suna duba ƙaura .
Hijirar ɗan adam[1] ita ce ƙaura daga wannan wuri zuwa wani don zama a can. Yakan faru da yawa. Hijira na iya kasancewa cikin ƙasashe ko tsakanin ƙasashe. An san ’yan Adam sun yi ƙaura da yawa a cikin tarihi da kafin tarihi .
Wani lokaci, motsi na son rai ne, amma wani lokacin, ana tilasta wa mutane motsi. Suna iya fuskantar yaƙe-yaƙe, zalunci na addini da na siyasa, yunwa, da sauran bala’o’i. Lokacin da aka tilasta wa mutane ƙaura, 'yan gudun hijira ne. Yawancin 'yan gudun hijirar bakin haure ne ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma fiye da rabin yara ne da mata. Suna iya rayuwa cikin matsanancin talauci, rashin abinci, matsuguni, sutura, ilimi da kula da lafiya.
Hijira daga karkara zuwa birane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙaura daga karkara zuwa birane , shine ƙaura daga yankunan wajen gari zuwa cikin garuruwa da birane. Akwai dalilai da yawa na mutanen da ke barin karkara. Sau da yawa, suna da yawan jama'a, yawan haihuwa, da yunwa. Injiniyanci ya haifar da raguwar ayyukan da ake samu a karkara.
Noma aiki ne mai wahala, tare da ɗaukan dogon sa'o'i da ƙarancin albashi. Da yawa manoma ne. A ƙasashe masu tasowa, rashin kuɗi yana nufin rashin injuna. Masifu, kamar fari, guguwa, ambaliya da aman wuta, suna lalata kauyuka da amfanin gona. Akwai karancin ayyuka kamar makarantu da asibitoci a karkara.
Mutane suna motsawa saboda suna neman ayyukan yi mafi kyau da kuma ingantaccen rayuwa. Suna da kyakkywar damar samun ababan rayuwa kamar makarantu, jiyya da nishaɗi. Hakanan ana sha'awar mutane sau da yawa saboda fa'idodin salon rayuwa kamar shaguna, gidajen abinci, gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, da rayuwar dare.
Da yawa suna zuwa da kuɗi kaɗan don haka ba za su iya saya ko hayar gida ba, ko da akwai ɗaya. Dole ne su yi matsuguni na ɗan lokaci tare da arha ko kayan amfani. Wasu sun hakura su koma gida. Yawancin 'ya'yan ma'aikacin ƙaura suna kokawa don neman ilimi.
A cikin sabuwar ƙasa, galibi ba a haɗa su kuma ana ɗaukar su kamar marasa daraja. Duk da haka, ana buƙatar su ko da mutanen yankin ba sa son baƙi saboda suna yin aiki iri ɗaya. Ƙarin mutane yana nufin ƙarin zirga-zirga da ƙarin laifuka. Baƙi suna taimakawa wajen haɓaka birane, samar da arha aiki, saka kuɗi, siyan kayayyaki da ayyuka, biyan haraji, da taimakawa kamfanoni su yi takara.
zamanin da
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Proto-Indo-Turai sun yi hijira sau da yawa tsakanin 4000 zuwa 1000 BC, bisa ga hasashen Kurgan .
Zamanin yanzu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yunkurin yawan jama'a a wannan zamani ya ci gaba a ƙarƙashin nau'in ƙaura na son rai a cikin yankin mutum, ƙasarsa, ko bayansa, da ƙaura ba da son rai ba, wanda ya haɗa da cinikin bayi, fataucin mutane, da tsabtace ƙabilanci . Mutanen da suka yi ƙaura ana kiransu ƴan hijira ko baƙi, ya danganta da yanayin tarihi, yanayi, da hangen nesa.
Mutane da yawa sun mutu yayin da suke ƙaura.[2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijrah
- ↑ "Libya's Coast Guard Recovers Dozens of Bodies of Migrants". Snopes.com (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2022-01-19. Retrieved 2019-08-28.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Gidan kayan tarihi na Metropolitan akan al'adun Lapita
- Ra'ayin mtDNA game da mutanen duniya ta Homo sapiens
- National Geographic: Atlas na Tafiya na Dan Adam Archived 2006-03-26 at the Wayback Machine Archived (Taswirorin ƙaura na ɗan adam na tushen Haplogroup )
- Tafiya ta Dan Adam : Mutanen Duniya
- Jagorar Stalker zuwa Ƙaura na Ƙasashen Duniya Archived
- Diflomasiya Monitor - Hijira da Archived 2007-03-10 at the Wayback Machine aka Archived
- Al'adar Duniya: An adana kasidu kan ƙaura da haɗin gwiwar duniya Archived 2007-05-01 at the Wayback Machine Archived