Reconstrución 3D

En visión por ordenador e gráficos por ordenador, a reconstrución 3D é o proceso de capturar a forma e a aparencia de obxectos reais. Este proceso pódese realizar por métodos activos ou pasivos.^[1] Se se permite que o modelo cambie a súa forma no tempo, isto denomínase reconstrución non ríxida ou espazo-temporal (tamén reconstrución 4D).^[2]

Motivación e aplicacións

A investigación da reconstrución 3D sempre foi un obxectivo difícil. Usando a reconstrución 3D pódese determinar o perfil 3D de calquera obxecto, así como coñecer a coordenada 3D de calquera punto do perfil. A reconstrución 3D de obxectos é un problema xeralmente científico e unha tecnoloxía básica dunha gran variedade de campos, como o deseño xeométrico asistido por ordenador (CAGD), gráficos por ordenador, animación por ordenador, visión por ordenador, imaxe médica, ciencia computacional, realidade virtual e medios dixitais etc. ^[3] Por exemplo, a información da lesión dos pacientes pódese presentar en 3D no ordenador, o que ofrece un enfoque novo e preciso no diagnóstico e, polo tanto, ten un valor clínico vital.^[4] Os modelos dixitais de elevación (Digital elevation models) pódense reconstruír usando métodos como a altimetría láser aerotransportada ^[5] ou o radar de apertura sintética.^[6]

Aplicacións:

A reconstrución 3D ten aplicacións en moitos campos. Inclúen:

Enxeñaría de pavimentos ^[7]
Medicina ^[8]
Reconstrución de vídeo con punto de vista libre ^[9]
Cartografía robótica ^[10]
Urbanismo ^[11]
Reconstrución tomográfica ^[12]
Xogos ^[13]
Contornas virtuais e turismo virtual ^[13]
Observación da Terra
Arqueoloxía ^[14]
Realidade Aumentada ^[15]
Enxeñaría inversa ^[16]
Captura de movemento ^[17]
Recoñecemento de obxectos 3D,^[18] recoñecemento de xestos e seguimento de mans.^[19]

A maioría dos algoritmos dispoñibles para a reconstrución 3D son extremadamente lentos e non se poden usar en tempo real. Aínda que os algoritmos presentados aínda están a comezar o seu desenvolvemento, pero teñen o potencial para un cálculo rápido.

Notas

↑ Moons, Theo, Luc Van Gool, and Maarten Vergauwen. "3D reconstruction from multiple images part 1: Principles." Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision 4.4 (2010): 287-404.
↑ Zollhöfer, Michael, et al. "Real-time non-rigid reconstruction using an RGB-D camera Arquivado 08 de xullo de 2021 en Wayback Machine.." ACM Transactions on Graphics 33.4 (2014): 156.
↑ "The Future of 3D Modeling". GarageFarm.net. Consultado o 2024-02-16.
↑ Zheng, Liping; Li, Guangyao; Sha, Jing (2007-05-01). "The survey of medical image 3D reconstruction". Fifth International Conference on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine (SPIE) 6534: 670–675. doi:10.1117/12.741321.
↑ Vosselman, George, and Sander Dijkman. "3D building model reconstruction from point clouds and ground plans." International archives of photogrammetry remote sensing and spatial information sciences 34.3/W4 (2001): 37-44.
↑ Colesanti, Carlo, and Janusz Wasowski. "Investigating landslides with space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry." Engineering geology 88.3-4 (2006): 173-199.
↑ Mahmoudzadeh, Ahmadreza; Golroo, Amir; Jahanshahi, Mohammad R.; Firoozi Yeganeh, Sayna (2019-01). "Estimating Pavement Roughness by Fusing Color and Depth Data Obtained from an Inexpensive RGB-D Sensor". Sensors (en inglés) 19 (7): 1655. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 6479490. PMID 30959936. doi:10.3390/s19071655.
↑ Zheng, Liping; Li, Guangyao; Sha, Jing (2007-05-04). Luo, Qingming; Wang, Lihong V.; Tuchin, Valery V.; Gu, Min, eds. "The survey of medical image 3D reconstruction": 65342K–65342K–6. doi:10.1117/12.741321.
↑ Carranza, Joel, et al. "Free-viewpoint video of human actors." ACM Transactions on Graphics. Vol. 22. No. 3. ACM, 2003.
↑ Thrun, Sebastian. "Robotic mapping: A survey." Exploring artificial intelligence in the new millennium 1.1-35 (2002): 1.
↑ "3D Reconstruction of Urban Areas ; IEEE Conference Publication ; IEEE Xplore". ieeexplore.ieee.org. doi:10.1109/3dimpvt.2011.14. Consultado o 2024-02-16.
↑ Xu, Fang, and Klaus Mueller. "Real-time 3D computed tomographic reconstruction using commodity graphics hardware Arquivado 19 de marzo de 2016 en Wayback Machine. ." Physics in Medicine & Biology 52.12 (2007): 3405.
↑ ^13,0 ^13,1 Mortara, Michela, et al. "Learning cultural heritage by serious games." Journal of Cultural Heritage 15.3 (2014): 318-325.
↑ Bruno, Fabio; Bruno, Stefano; De Sensi, Giovanna; Luchi, Maria-Laura; Mancuso, Stefania; Muzzupappa, Maurizio (2010-01-01). "From 3D reconstruction to virtual reality: A complete methodology for digital archaeological exhibition". Journal of Cultural Heritage 11 (1): 42–49. ISSN 1296-2074. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2009.02.006.
↑ Izadi, Shahram, et al. "KinectFusion: real-time 3D reconstruction and interaction using a moving depth camera." Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology. ACM, 2011.
↑ Wang, Jun; Gu, Dongxiao; Yu, Zeyun; Tan, Changbai; Zhou, Laishui (2012-12-01). "A framework for 3D model reconstruction in reverse engineering". Computers & Industrial Engineering 63 (4): 1189–1200. ISSN 0360-8352. doi:10.1016/j.cie.2012.07.009.
↑ Moeslund, Thomas B., and Erik Granum. "A survey of computer vision-based human motion capture." Computer vision and image understanding 81.3 (2001): 231-268.
↑ Hejrati, Mohsen, and Deva Ramanan. "Analysis by synthesis: 3d object recognition by object reconstruction." Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 2014.
↑ Keskin, Cem, Ayse Erkan, and Lale Akarun. "Real time hand tracking and 3d gesture recognition for interactive interfaces using hmm." ICANN/ICONIPP 2003 (2003): 26-29.

Véxase tamén

Outros artigos

Ligazóns externas

Sintetizar formas 3D mediante o modelado de mapas e siluetas de profundidade con varias vistas con redes xerativas profundas - Xerar e reconstruír formas 3D mediante a modelaxe de mapas ou siluetas de profundidade con varias vistas. (github.com)

Este artigo sobre informática é, polo de agora, só un bosquexo. Traballa nel para axudar a contribuír a que a Galipedia mellore e medre.
Existen igualmente outros artigos relacionados con este tema nos que tamén podes contribuír.

[1] Moons, Theo, Luc Van Gool, and Maarten Vergauwen. "3D reconstruction from multiple images part 1: Principles." Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision 4.4 (2010): 287-404.

[2] Zollhöfer, Michael, et al. "Real-time non-rigid reconstruction using an RGB-D camera Arquivado 08 de xullo de 2021 en Wayback Machine.." ACM Transactions on Graphics 33.4 (2014): 156.

[3] "The Future of 3D Modeling". GarageFarm.net. Consultado o 2024-02-16.

[4] Zheng, Liping; Li, Guangyao; Sha, Jing (2007-05-01). "The survey of medical image 3D reconstruction". Fifth International Conference on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine (SPIE) 6534: 670–675. doi:10.1117/12.741321.

[5] Vosselman, George, and Sander Dijkman. "3D building model reconstruction from point clouds and ground plans." International archives of photogrammetry remote sensing and spatial information sciences 34.3/W4 (2001): 37-44.

[6] Colesanti, Carlo, and Janusz Wasowski. "Investigating landslides with space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry." Engineering geology 88.3-4 (2006): 173-199.

[7] Mahmoudzadeh, Ahmadreza; Golroo, Amir; Jahanshahi, Mohammad R.; Firoozi Yeganeh, Sayna (2019-01). "Estimating Pavement Roughness by Fusing Color and Depth Data Obtained from an Inexpensive RGB-D Sensor". Sensors (en inglés) 19 (7): 1655. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 6479490. PMID 30959936. doi:10.3390/s19071655.

[8] Zheng, Liping; Li, Guangyao; Sha, Jing (2007-05-04). Luo, Qingming; Wang, Lihong V.; Tuchin, Valery V.; Gu, Min, eds. "The survey of medical image 3D reconstruction": 65342K–65342K–6. doi:10.1117/12.741321.

[9] Carranza, Joel, et al. "Free-viewpoint video of human actors." ACM Transactions on Graphics. Vol. 22. No. 3. ACM, 2003.

[10] Thrun, Sebastian. "Robotic mapping: A survey." Exploring artificial intelligence in the new millennium 1.1-35 (2002): 1.

[11] "3D Reconstruction of Urban Areas ; IEEE Conference Publication ; IEEE Xplore". ieeexplore.ieee.org. doi:10.1109/3dimpvt.2011.14. Consultado o 2024-02-16.

[12] Xu, Fang, and Klaus Mueller. "Real-time 3D computed tomographic reconstruction using commodity graphics hardware Arquivado 19 de marzo de 2016 en Wayback Machine. ." Physics in Medicine & Biology 52.12 (2007): 3405.

[Mortara-13] 13,0 ^13,1 Mortara, Michela, et al. "Learning cultural heritage by serious games." Journal of Cultural Heritage 15.3 (2014): 318-325.

[14] Bruno, Fabio; Bruno, Stefano; De Sensi, Giovanna; Luchi, Maria-Laura; Mancuso, Stefania; Muzzupappa, Maurizio (2010-01-01). "From 3D reconstruction to virtual reality: A complete methodology for digital archaeological exhibition". Journal of Cultural Heritage 11 (1): 42–49. ISSN 1296-2074. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2009.02.006.

[15] Izadi, Shahram, et al. "KinectFusion: real-time 3D reconstruction and interaction using a moving depth camera." Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology. ACM, 2011.

[16] Wang, Jun; Gu, Dongxiao; Yu, Zeyun; Tan, Changbai; Zhou, Laishui (2012-12-01). "A framework for 3D model reconstruction in reverse engineering". Computers & Industrial Engineering 63 (4): 1189–1200. ISSN 0360-8352. doi:10.1016/j.cie.2012.07.009.

[17] Moeslund, Thomas B., and Erik Granum. "A survey of computer vision-based human motion capture." Computer vision and image understanding 81.3 (2001): 231-268.

[18] Hejrati, Mohsen, and Deva Ramanan. "Analysis by synthesis: 3d object recognition by object reconstruction." Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 2014.

[19] Keskin, Cem, Ayse Erkan, and Lale Akarun. "Real time hand tracking and 3d gesture recognition for interactive interfaces using hmm." ICANN/ICONIPP 2003 (2003): 26-29.

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