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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="RFC" lang="en">
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta content="Kepeng LI" name="editor">
<meta content="Phil Hunt" name="author">
<meta content="Bhumip Khasnabish" name="author">
<meta content="Anthony Nadalin" name="author">
<meta content="Zachary Zeltsan" name="author">
<meta content="SIM user scenarios, SCIM use cases" name="keywords">
<meta content="This document provides definitions and an overview of the System for
Cross-domain Identity Management (SCIM). It lays out the system's
concepts, models, and flows, and it includes user scenarios, use
cases, and requirements."
name="description">
<title>
System for Cross-domain Identity Management: Definitions, Overview,
Concepts, and Requirements</title>
<link href="test.3.xml" rel="alternate" type="application/rfc xml">
<link href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/copyright/" rel="license">
<link href="xml2rfc.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="rfc-local.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table class="ears">
<thead>
<tr>
<td class="left">RFC</td>
<td class="center">SCIM Requirements</td>
<td class="right">September 2015</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="left">LI, et al.</td>
<td class="center">RFC 7642</td>
<td class="right">[Page]</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<dl id="identifiers">
<dt>Stream:</dt>
<dd class="workgroup">Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)</dd>
<dt>Request for Comments:</dt>
<dd class="rfc">7642</dd>
<dd class="Category">Informational</dd>
<dt>ISSN:</dt>
<dd class="issn">2070-1721</dd>
<dt>Published:</dt>
<dd>
<time class="published" datetime="2015-09">
September 2015
</time>
</dd>
<dt>Authors:</dt>
<dd class="authors">
<div class="author">
<div class="author-name">K. LI</span></div>,
<span class="editor">Ed.</span>
<div class="org">Alibaba Group</span></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dd class="authors">
<div class="author">
<div class="author-name">P. Hunt</span></div>
<div class="org">Oracle</span></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dd class="authors">
<div class="author">
<div class="author-name">B. Khasnabish</span></div>
<div class="org">ZTE (TX) Inc</span></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dd class="authors">
<div class="author">
<div class="author-name">A. Nadalin</span></div>
<div class="org">Microsoft</span></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dd class="authors">
<div class="author">
<div class="author-name">Z. Zeltsan</span></div>
<div class="org">Individual</span></div>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="title">
System for Cross-domain Identity Management: Definitions, Overview, Concepts, and Requirements
</h1>
<section id="abstract">
<h2>
<a class="selfRef" href="#abstract">Abstract</a>
</h2>
<p id="s-abstract-1">This document provides definitions and an overview of
the System for Cross-domain Identity Management (SCIM). It lays out the
system's concepts, models, and flows, and it includes user scenarios, use
cases, and requirements.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-abstract-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-status-of-this-memo">
<h2 id="s-sotm-1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-status-of-this-memo">
Status of this Memo
</a>
</h2>
<p id="s-sotm-1-1"> This is an Internet Standards Track document.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-sotm-1-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-sotm-1-2">This document is a product of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It
has received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-sotm-1-2">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-sotm-1-3"> Information about the current status of this document,
any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at <a
href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7642">http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7642</a>.
<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-sotm-1-3">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-copyright-notice">
<h2 id="s-boilerplate-2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-copyright-notice">
Copyright Notice
</a>
</h2>
<p id="s-boilerplate-2-1">Copyright ©2015 IETF Trust and the persons
identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. <a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-boilerplate-2-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-boilerplate-2-2">This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF
Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to <a class="eref"
href="http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info">IETF Documents</a> in effect
on the date of publication of this document. Please review these
documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with
respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document
must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described
in the Simplified BSD License. <a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-boilerplate-2-2">¶</a></p>
</section>
<h2 id="toc">Table of Contents</h2>
<nav class="toc">
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-1">1</a>. <a href="#n-introduction">Introduction</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-1.1">1.1</a>. <a href="#n-sub-section-terminology">Terminology</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2">2</a>. <a href="#n-scim-user">SCIM User Scenarios</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.1">2.1</a>. <a href="#n-sub-section-background">Background and Context</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.2">2.2</a>. <a href="#n-sub-section-model-concepts">Model Concepts</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.2.1">2.2.1</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-triggers">Triggers</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.2.2">2.2.2</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-actors">Actors</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.2.3">2.2.3</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-modes">Modes and Flows</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.2.4">2.2.4</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-bulk">Bulk and Batch Operational Semantics</a></li>
</ul class>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3">2.3</a>. <a
href="#n-sub-section-flows-csp">Flows from Cloud Service Provider to Cloud
Service Provider (CSP->CSP)</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3.1">2.3.1</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-csp-create">CSP->CSP: Create Identity (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3.2">2.3.2</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-csp-update">CSP->CSP: Update Identity (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3.3">2.3.3</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-csp-delete">CSP->CSP: Delete Identity (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3.4">2.3.4</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-csp-trigger-push">CSP->CSP: SSO Trigger (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3.5">2.3.5</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-csp-trigger-pull">CSP->CSP: SSO Trigger (Pull)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.3.6">2.3.6</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-csp-reset">CSP->CSP: Password Reset (Push)</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.4">2.4</a>. <a
href="#n-sub-section-flows-ecs">Flows from Enterprise Cloud Subscriber to
Cloud Service Provider (ECS->CSP)</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.4.1">2.4.1</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-create">ECS->CSP: Create Identity (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.4.2">2.4.2</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-update">ECS->CSP: Update Identity (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.4.3">2.4.3</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-delete">ECS->CSP: Delete Identity (Push)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-2.4.4">2.4.4</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-trigger-push">ECS->CSP: SSO Trigger (Push)</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-3">3</a>. <a href="#n-scim-use-cases">SCIM Use Cases</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-3.1">3.1</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-section-migration">Migration of the Identities</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-3.2">3.2</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-section-sso-service">Single Sign-On (SSO) Service</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-3.3">3.3</a>. <a
href-"#n-sub-section-coi">Provisioning of the User Accounts for
a Community of Interest (COI)</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-3.4">3.4</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-section-transfer">Transfer of Attributes to a Relying Party's Website</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-3.5">3.5</a>. <a href-"#n-sub-section-change-notification">Change Notification</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-4">4</a>. <a href="#n-security">Security Considerations</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-5">5</a>. <a href="#n-references">References</a></li>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-5.1">5.1</a>. <a href="#n-norm">Normative References</a></li>
<li class="toc"><a href="#s-5.2">5.2</a>. <a href="#n-informative">Informative References</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="toc">
<a href="#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a>
</li>
<li class="toc">
<a href="#author-addresses">Authors' Addresses</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="n-introduction">
<h2 id="s-1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-1">1.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#introduction">Introduction</a>
</h2>
<p id="s-1-1">This document provides the SCIM definitions, overview,
concepts, flows, scenarios, and use cases. It also provides a list of
the requirements derived from the use cases.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-1-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-1-2">The document's objective is to help with understanding of
the design and applicability of the SCIM schema [RFC7643] and SCIM
protocol [RFC7644].<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1-2">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-1-3">Unlike the practice of some protocols like Application
Bridging for Federated Access Beyond web (ABFAB) and SAML2 WebSSO, SCIM
provides provisioning and de-provisioning of resources in a separate
context from authentication (aka just-in-time provisioning). <a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-3">¶</a> </p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-section-terminology">
<h3 id="s-1.1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-1.1">1.1.</a>
<a class="selfRef"
href="#n-sub-section-terminology">Terminology</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-1.1-1">The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL",
"SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED",
"MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as
described in [<a class="xref" href="#RFC2119">RFC2119</a>] when they
appear in ALL CAPS. These words may also appear in this document in
lowercase as plain English words, absent their normative meanings.
<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-1.1-2">Here is a list of acronyms and abbreviations used in
this document:<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-1.1-2-1">COI: Community of Interest<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-2">CRM: Customer Relationship Management<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-3">CRUD: Create, Read, Update, Delete<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-4">CSP: Cloud Service Provider<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-4">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-5">CSU: Cloud Service User<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-5">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-6">ECS: Enterprise Cloud Subscriber<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-6">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-7">IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-7">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-8">JIT: Just In Time<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-8">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-9">PaaS: Platform as a Service<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-9">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-10">SaaS: Software as a Service<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-10">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-11">SAML: Security Assertion Markup Language<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-11">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-12">SCIM: System for Cross-domain Identity Management<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-12">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-1.1-2-13">SSO: Single Sign-On<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-1.1-2-13">¶</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section id="n-scim-user">
<h2 id="s-2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2">2.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#scim-user">SCIM User Scenarios</a>
</h2>
<section id="n-sub-section-background">
<h3 id="s-2.1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.1">2.1.</a>
<a class="selfRef"
href="#n-sub-section-background">Background and Context</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-2.1-1">The System for Cross-domain Identity Management
(SCIM) specification is designed to manage user identity in
cloud-based applications and services in a standardized way to
enable interoperability, security, and scalability. The
specification suite seeks to build upon experience with existing
schemas and deployments, placing specific emphasis on simplicity
of development and integration, while applying existing
authentication, authorization, and privacy models. The intent of
the SCIM specification is to reduce the cost and complexity of
user management operations by providing a common user schema and
extension model, as well as binding documents to provide patterns
for exchanging this schema using standard protocols. In essence,
make it fast, cheap, and easy to move users in to, out of, and
around the cloud. <a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.1-1">¶</a>
<p id="s-2.1-2">The SCIM scenarios are overviews of user stories
designed to help clarify the intended scope of the SCIM effort.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.1-2">¶</a>
<section id="n-sub-section-model-concepts">
<h3 id="s-2.2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.2">2.2.</a>
<a class="selfRef"
href="#n-sub-section-model-concepts">Model Concepts</a>
</h3>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-triggers">
<h4 id="s-2.2.1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.2.1">2.2.1.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-triggers">Triggers</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.2.1-1">Quite simply, triggers are actions or activities
that start SCIM flows. Triggers may not be relevant at the protocol
level or the schema level; they really serve to help identify the
type or activity that resulted in a SCIM protocol exchange.
Triggers make use of the traditional provisioning CRUD (Create,
Read, Update, Delete) operations but add additional use-case
contexts like SSO (Single-Sign On) as it is designed to capture a
class of use case that makes sense to the actor requesting it rather
than to describe a protocol operation.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.1-1">¶</a>
<ul>
<li id="s-2.2.1-1.1">Create SCIM Identity Resource - Service
On-boarding Trigger: A "create SCIM identity resource" trigger is
a service on-boarding activity in which a business action such as
a new hire or new service subscription is initiated by one of the
SCIM Actors. In the protocol itself, service on-boarding may well
be implemented via the same resource PUT method as a service
change. This is particular to the implementation, and not to the
use cases that drive that implementation.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.1-1.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-2.2.1-1.2">Update SCIM Identity Resource - Service
Change Trigger: An "update SCIM identity resource" trigger is a
service change activity as a result of an identity moving or
changing its service level. An "update SCIM identity" trigger
might be the result of a change in a service subscription level or
a change to key identity data used to denote a service
subscription level. Password changes are specifically called out
from other more general identity attribute changes as they are
considered to have specific use-case differences.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.1-1.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-2.2.1-1.3">Delete SCIM Identity Resource - Service
Termination Trigger: A "delete SCIM identity resource" trigger
represents a specific and deliberate action to remove an identity
from a given SCIM service point. At this stage, it is unclear if
the SCIM protocol needs to identify a separate protocol exchange
for service suspension actions. This may be relevant as target
services usually differentiate between these results and thus may
require separate resource representations. <a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.1-1.3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-2.2.1-1.4">Single Sign-On (SSO) Trigger - Service Access
Request: A "Single Sign-On" trigger is a special class of activity
in which a Create or Update trigger is initiated during an SSO
operational flow. The implication here is that, as the result of a
service access request by the end user (SSO), defined SCIM
protocol exchanges can be used to initiate SCIM resource CRUD
operations somewhere in the service cloud.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.1-1.4">¶</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-actors">
<h4 id="s-2.2.2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.2.2">2.2.2.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-actors">Actors</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.2.2-1">Actors are the operating parties that take part in
both sides of a SCIM protocol exchange and help identify the source of
a given Trigger. So far, we have identified the following SCIM
Actors:<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.1-1">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-2.2.2-1.1">Cloud Service Provider (CSP): A CSP is the
entity operating a given cloud service. In a SaaS scenario, this is
simply the application provider. In an IaaS or PaaS scenario, the
CSP may be the underlying IaaS/PaaS infrastructure provider or the
owner of the application running on that platform. In all cases,
the CSP is the thing that holds the identity information being
operated upon. Put another way, the CSP really is the service that
the end user interacts with.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.2-1.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-2.2.2-1.2">Enterprise Cloud Subscriber (ECS): An ECS
represents a middle tier of aggregation for related identity
records. In one of our sample enterprise SaaS scenarios, the ECS is
"Example.com" that subscribes to a cloud-based CRM service "SaaS-CRM
Inc." (the CSP) for all of its sales staff. The actual Cloud
Service Users (CSUs) are the FooBar Inc. sales staff. The ECS Actor
is identified to help capture use cases in which a single entity is
given administrative responsibility for other identity accounts.
SCIM may not address the configuration and setup of an ECS within
the CSP, but it does address use cases in which SCIM identity
resources are grouped together and administered as part of some
broader agreement or operational exchange.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.2-1.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-2.2.2-1.3">Cloud Service User (CSU): A CSU represents the
real cloud service end user -- i.e., the person logging into and
using the cloud service. As described above, and ECS will typically
own or manage multiple CSU identities, whereas the CSU represents
the FooBar Inc. employee using the cloud service to manage their CRM
process.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.2-1.3">¶</a></li>
<figure id="f-1">
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<figcaption>
<a href="#f-1">Figure 1.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-scim-actors">SCIM Actors</a>
</figcaption>
</div>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-modes">
<h4 id="s-2.2.3">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.2.3">2.2.3.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-modes">Modes and Flows</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.2.3-1">Modes identify the functional intent of a data
flow initiated in a SCIM scenario. The modes identified so far are
'Push' and 'Pull' referring to pushing data to and pulling data from
an authoritative identity data store.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.3-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.2.3-2">In the SCIM scenarios, modes are often used in the
context of a flow between two Actors. For example, one might refer
to a Cloud-to-Cloud Pull exchange. Here one Cloud Service Provider
(CSP) is pulling identity information from another CSP. Commonly
referenced flows are:<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.3-2">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-2.2.3-2.1">Cloud Service Provider to Cloud Service
Provider (CSP->CSP)<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.3-2.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-2.2.3-2.2">Enterprise Cloud Subscriber to Cloud Service
Provider (ECS->CSP)<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.3-2.2">¶</a></li>
</ul>
<p id="s-2.2.3-3">Modes and flows simply help us understand what is
taking place; they are likely to be technically meaningless at the
protocol level, but they help the reader follow the SCIM scenarios
and apply them to real-world use cases.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.3-3">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-bulk">
<h4 id="s-2.2.4">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.2.4">2.2.4.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-bulk">Bulk and Batch Operational Semantics</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.2.4-1">It is assumed that each of the trigger actions
outlined in this document may be part of the larger bulk or batch
operation. Individual SCIM actions should be able to be collected
together to create single protocol exchanges.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.2.4-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.2.4-2">The initial focus of SCIM scenarios is on
identifying base flows and single operations. The specific
complexity of full bulk and batch operations is left to a later
version of the scenarios or to the main specification.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.2.4-2">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-section-flows-csp">
<h3 id="s-2.3">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3">2.3.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-section-flows-csp">Flows from
Cloud Service Provider to Cloud Service Provider
(CSP->CSP)</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-2.3-1">These scenarios represent flows between two
Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). It is assumed that each CSP
maintains an Identity Data Store for its Cloud Service Users
(CSUs). These scenarios address various joiner, mover,
leaver, and JIT triggers, resulting in push and pull data
exchanges between the CSPs.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3-1">¶</a></p>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-csp-create">
<h4 id="s-2.3.1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3.1">2.3.1.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-csp-create">CSP->CSP: Create Identity (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.3.1-1">In this scenario, two CSPs (CSP-1 and CSP-2)
have a shared service agreement in place that requires the
exchange of Cloud Service User (CSU) accounts. CSP-1 receives
a Create Identity trigger action from its Enterprise Cloud
Subscriber (ECS-1). CSP-1 creates a local user account for
the new CSU. CSP-1 then pushes the new CSU joiner push
request downstream to CSU-2 and gets confirmation that the
account was successfully created. After receiving the
confirmation from CSP- 2, CSP-1 sends an acknowledgment to the
requesting ECS.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.3.1-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-csp-update">
<h4 id="s-2.3.2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3.2">2.3.2.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-csp-update">CSP->CSP: Update Identity (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.3.2-1">In this scenario, two CSPs (CSP-1 and
CSP-2) have a shared service agreement in place that
requires the exchange of Cloud Service User (CSU)
accounts. The Enterprise Cloud Subscriber (ECS-1) has
already created an account with CSP-1 and supplied a
critical attribute "department" that is used by CSP-1 to
drive service options. CSP-1 then receives an Update
Identity trigger action from its Enterprise Cloud
Subscriber (ECS). CSP-1 updates its local directory
account with the new department value. CSP-1 then
initiates a separate SCIM protocol exchange to push the
mover change request downstream to CSP- 2. After
receiving the confirmation from CSP-2, CSP-1 sends an
acknowledgment to ECS-1.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3.2-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-csp-delete">
<h4 id="s-2.3.3">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3.3">2.3.3.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-csp-delete">CSP->CSP: Delete Identity (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.3.3-1">In this scenario, two CSPs (CSP-1 and
CSP-2) have a shared service agreement in place that
requires the exchange of Cloud Service User (CSU)
accounts. CSP-1 receives a Delete Identity trigger action
from its Enterprise Cloud Subscriber (ECS-1). CSP-1
suspends the local directory account for the specified CSU
account. CSP-1 then pushes a termination request for the
specified CSU account downstream to CSP-2 and gets
confirmation that the account was successfully removed.
After receiving the confirmation from CSP-2, CSP-1
finalizes the deletion operation and sends an
acknowledgment to the requesting ECS.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3.3-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.3.3-2">This use case highlights how different
CSPs may implement different operational semantics behind
the same SCIM operation. Note CSP-1 suspends the account
representation for its service, whereas CPS-2 implements a
true delete operation.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3.3-2">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-csp-trigger-push">
<h4 id="s-2.3.4">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3.4">2.3.4.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-csp-trigger-push">CSP->CSP: SSO Trigger (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.3.4-1">In this scenario, two CSPs (CSP-1 and
CSP-2) have a shared service agreement in place that
requires the exchange of Cloud Service User (CSU) accounts.
However, rather than pre-provisioning accounts from CSP-1 to
CSP-2, CSP-1 waits for a service access request from the end
Cloud Service User (CSU-1) before issuing account creation
details to CSP-2. When the CSU completes a SSO transaction
from CSP-1 to CSP-2, CSP-2 then creates an account for the
CSU based on information pushed to it from CSP-1.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.3.4-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.3.4-2">At the protocol level, this class of
scenarios may result in the use of common protocol exchange
patterns between CSP-1 and CSP-2.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3.4-2">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-csp-trigger-pull">
<h4 id="s-2.3.5">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3.5">2.3.5.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-csp-trigger-pull">CSP->CSP: SSO Trigger (Pull)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.3.5-1">In this scenario, two CSPs (CSP-1 and
CSP-2) have a shared service agreement in place that
requires the exchange of Cloud Service User (CSU) accounts.
However, rather than pre-provisioning accounts from CSP-1 to
CSP-2, CSP-2 waits for a service access request from the
Cloud Service User (CSU-1) before initiating a Pull request
to gather information about the CSU sufficient to create a
local account.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.3.5-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.3.5-2">At the protocol level, this class of
scenarios may result in the use of common protocol exchange
patterns between CSP-2 and CSP-1.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3.5-2">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-csp-reset">
<h4 id="s-2.3.6">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.3.6">2.3.6.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-csp-reset">CSP->CSP: Password Reset (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.3.6-1">In this scenario, two CSPs (CSP-1 and
CSP-2) have a shared service agreement in place that
requires the exchange of Cloud Service User (CSU)
accounts. CSP-1 wants to change the password for a
specific Cloud Service User (CSU-1). CSP-1 sends a
request to CSP-2 to reset the password value for CSU-1.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.3.6-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.3.6-1">At the protocol level, this scenario may
result in the same protocol exchange as any other
attribute change request.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.3.6-2">¶</a></p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-section-flows-ecs">
<h3 id="s-2.4">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.4">2.4.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-section-flows-ecs">Flows from
Enterprise Cloud Subscriber to Cloud Service Provider
(ECS->CSP)</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-2.4-1">These scenarios represent flows between an
Enterprise Cloud Subscriber (ECS) and a Cloud Service
Providers (CSP). It is assumed that the ECS and the CSP each
maintain an information access service for the relevant Cloud
Service Users (CSUs). These scenarios address various joiner,
mover, leaver, and JIT triggers, resulting in push and pull
data exchanges between the ECS and the CSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.4-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-2.4-2">Many of these scenarios are very similar to
those defined in Section 2.3. They are identified separately
here so that we may explore any differences that might
emerge.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.4-2">¶</a></p>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-ecs-create">
<h4 id="s-2.4.1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.4.1">2.4.1.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-create">ECS->CSP: Create Identity (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.4.1-1">In this scenario, an Enterprise Cloud
Subscriber (ECS-1) maintains a service with a Cloud Service
Provider (CSP-1) that requires the sharing of various Cloud
Service User (CSU) accounts. A new user joins ECS-1 and so
ECS-1 pushes an account creation request to CSP-1,
supplying all required attribute values for the base SCIM
schema and additional values for the extended SCIM schema
as required.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.4.1-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-ecs-update">
<h4 id="s-2.4.2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.4.2">2.4.2.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-update">ECS->CSP: Update Identity (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.4.2-1">In this scenario, an Enterprise Cloud
Subscriber (ECS-1) maintains a service with Cloud Service
Provider (CSP-1) that drives service definition from a key
account schema attribute called Department. ECS-1 wishes to
move a given CSU from Department A to Department B and so
it pushes an attribute update request to the CSP.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.4.2-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-ecs-delete">
<h4 id="s-2.4.3">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.4.3">2.4.3.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-delete">ECS->CSP: Delete Identity (Push)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.4.3-1">In this scenario, an Enterprise Cloud
Subscriber (ECS-1) maintains a service with a Cloud Service
Provider (CSP-1). Upon termination of one of its employee's
employment agreement, ECS-1 sends a suspend account request
to CSP-1. One week later, the ECS wishes to complete the
process by fully removing the Cloud Service User (CSU)
account, so it sends a terminate account request to CSP-1.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-2.4.3-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-sub-section-ecs-trigger-push">
<h4 id="s-2.4.4">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-2.4.4">2.4.4.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-sub-section-ecs-trigger-push">ECS->CSP: SSO Trigger (Pull)</a>
</h4>
<p id="s-2.4.4-1">In this scenario, an Enterprise Cloud
Subscriber (ECS-1) maintains a service with a Cloud Service
Provider (CSP-1). No accounts are created or exchanged in
advance. However, rather than pre- provisioning accounts
from ECS-1 to CSP-1, CSP-1 waits for a service access
request from the Cloud Service User (CSU-1) under the
control domain of ECS-1, before issuing an account Pull
request to ECS-1.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-2.4.4-1">¶</a></p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="n-scim-use-cases">
<h2 id="s-3">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-3">3.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#scim-use cases">SCIM Use Cases</a>
</h2>
<p id="s-3-1">This section lists the SCIM use cases.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3-1">¶</a></p>
<section id="n-sub-section-migration">
<h3 id="s-3.1">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-3.1">3.1.</a>
<a class="selfRef"
href="#n-sub-section-migration">Migration of the Identities</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-3.1-1">Description: <a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.1-2">A company SomeEnterprise runs an application
ManageThem that relies on the identity information about its
employees (e.g., identifiers, attributes). The identity
information is stored at the cloud provided by SomeCSP.
SomeEnterprise has decided to move identity information to the
cloud of a different provider -- AnotherCSP. In addition,
SomeEnterprise has purchased a second application
ManageThemMore, which also relies on the identity information.
SomeEnterprise is able to move identity information to
AnotherCSP without changing the format of identity information.
The application ManageThemMore is able to use the identity
information.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-2">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.1-3">Pre-conditions:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-3">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.1-3.1">SomeCSP is a cloud service provider for
SomeEnterprise.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-3.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-3.2">SomeCSP has a known attribute name and value
for the Enterprise used for managing and transferring data.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-3.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-3.3">AnotherCSP is a new cloud service provider
for SomeEnterprise.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-3.3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-3.4">All involved cloud service providers and
applications support the same standard specifying the format
for and actions on the user (e.g., employee) identity
information.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-3.4">¶</a></li>
</ul>
<p id="s-3.1-4">Post-conditions:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-4">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.1-4.1">SomeEnterprise has moved its employees'
identity information from SomeCSP to AnotherCSP without making
any changes to representation of identity information.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-4.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-4.2">Application ManageThemMore is able to use
the identity information.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-4.2">¶</a></li>
</ul>
<p id="s-3.1-5">Requirements<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-5">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.1-5.1">SomeEnterprise, the applications ManageThem
and ManageThemMore, and the providers SomeCSP and AnotherCSP
support a common standard for identity information, which
specifies the following:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-5.1">¶</a></li>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.1-5.1.1">Format (or schema) for representing
user identity information<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-5.1.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-5.1.2">Interfaces and protocol for managing
user identity information<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-5.1.1">¶</a></li>
</ul>
<li id="s-3.1-5.2">Cloud providers shall be able to meet
regulatory requirements when migrating identity information
between jurisdictional regions (e.g., countries and states may
have differing regulations on privacy).<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.1-5.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-5.3">Cloud providers shall be able to log all
actions related to SomeEnterprise employees' identities.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-5.3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.1-5.4">The logs should be secure and available for
auditing.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.1-5.4">¶</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-section-sso-service">
<h3 id="s-3.2">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-3.2">3.2.</a>
<a class="selfRef"
href="#n-sub-section-sso-service">Single Sign-On (SSO) Service</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-3.2-1">Description: <a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.2-2">Bob has an account in an application hosted by a
cloud service provider SomeCSP. SomeCSP has federated its user
identities with a cloud service provider AnotherCSP. Bob requests
a service from an application running on AnotherCSP. The
application running on AnotherCSP, relying on Bob's authentication
by SomeCSP and using identity information provided by SomeCSP,
serves Bob's request.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-2">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.2-3">Pre-conditions:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-3">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.2-3.1">Bob's identity information is stored on
SomeCSP.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-3.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-3.2">SomeCSP and AnotherCSP have established trust
and federated their user identities.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-3.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-3.3">SomeCSP is able to authenticate Bob.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-3.3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-3.4">SomeCSP is able to securely provide the
authentication results to AnotherCSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-3.4">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-3.5">SomeCSP is able to securely provide Bob's
identity information (e.g., attributes) to AnotherCSP.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-3.5">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-3.6">AnotherCSP is able to verify information
provided by SomeCSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-3.6">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-3.7">SSomeCSP is able to process the identity
information received from AnotherCSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-3.7">¶</a></li>
</ul>
<p id="s-3.2-4">Post-conditions:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-4">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.2.5">Bob has received the requested service from an
application running on AnotherCSP without having to authenticate
to that application explicitly.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-5">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.2-6">Requirements<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-6">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.2-6.1">Bob must have an account with SomeCSP.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-6.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.2">SomeCSP and AnotherCSP must establish trust
and federate their user identities.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-6.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.3">SomeCSP must be able to authenticate Bob.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-6.3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.4">SomeCSP must be able to securely provide the
authentication results to AnotherCSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-6.4">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.5">SomeCSP must be able to securely provide
Bob's identity information (e.g., attributes) to AnotherCSP.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.2-6.5">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.6">AnotherCSP must be able to verify the
identity information provided by SomeCSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-6.6">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.7">SomeCSP must be able to process the identity
information received from AnotherCSP.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-6.7">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.2-6.8">SomeCSP and AnotherCSP must log information
generated by Bob's actions according to their policies and the
trust agreement between them.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.2-6.8">¶</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-section-coi">
<h3 id="s-3.3">
<a class="selfRef" href="#s-3.3">3.3.</a>
<a class="selfRef" href="#n-sub-section-coi">Provisioning of
the User Accounts for a Community of Interest (COI)</a>
</h3>
<p id="s-3.3-1">Description: <a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-1">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.3-2">Organization YourHR provides Human Resources (HR)
services to a Community of Interest (COI) YourCOI. The HR services
are offered as Software as a Service (SaaS) on public and private
clouds. YourCOI's offices are located all over the world. Their
Information Technology (IT) systems may be composed of combinations of
the applications running on private and public clouds along with
traditional IT systems. The local YourCOI offices are responsible for
collecting personal information (i.e., user identities and
attributes). YourHR services provide means for provisioning and
distributing the employee identity information across all YourCOI
offices. YourHR also enables individual users (e.g., employees) to
manage personal information that they are responsible for (e.g.,
update of an address or a telephone number).<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-2">¶</a></p>
<p id="s-3.3-3">Pre-conditions:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-3">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.3-3.1">YourCOI has a complex infrastructure composed
of a large number of local offices that rely on diverse IT
systems.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-3.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-3.2">YourCOI has contracted YourHR to provide the
HR services.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-3.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-3.3">Each local office has a right to establish a
personal account for an employee.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-3.3">¶</a></li>
</ul>
<p id="s-3.3-4">Post-conditions:<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-4">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.3-4.1">All personal accounts are globally available
to any authorized user or application across the YourCOI system
through the services provided by YourHR.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-4.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-4.2">The employees have the ability to manage the
part of personal information that is their responsibility.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-4.2">¶</a></li> </ul>
<p id="s-3.3-5">Requirements<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-5">¶</a></p>
<ul>
<li id="s-3.3-5.1">YourHR must ensure that the local offices
generate information that is provisioned securely and consider
privacy requirements in a timely fashion across systems that may
span technical (e.g., protocols and applications), administrative
(e.g., corporate), regulatory (e.g., location), and
jurisdictional domains.<a class="pilcrow"
href="#s-3.3-5.1">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-5.2">Management of personal information must be
protected against unauthorized access and eavesdropping, and it
should be distributed only to authorized parties and services.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-5.2">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-5.3">Regulatory requirements shall be met when
migrating identity information between jurisdictional regions
(e.g., countries and states may have differing regulations on
privacy).<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-5.3">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-5.4">All operations with identity data must be
securely logged.<a class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-5.4">¶</a></li>
<li id="s-3.3-5.5">The logs should be available for auditing.<a
class="pilcrow" href="#s-3.3-5.5">¶</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="n-sub-section-transfer">