What is the bug or the crash?

When using symbology masks, they do not persist when exporting a PDF map. The same masks work when exporting as image (PNG) instead of PDF.

example, not working PDF:

example, working PNG masks:

Steps to reproduce the issue

1. (optionally) Retrieve prepared project/layers in gpkg: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kS_pPgQJ29ztr4xKC6Dq07En5miNvUQo/view?usp=drive_link
2. Set up a mask symbol layer in a point layer (not tested with other geometry types)
3. Set up a line layer to respect that mask
4. Create simple print layout
5. export as PNG - this works
6. export as PDF - masking not respected

Versions

Libraries
Qt version
5.15.13
Python version
3.12.7
GDAL/OGR version
3.9.3
PROJ version
9.5.0
EPSG Registry database version
v11.016 (2024-08-31)
GEOS version
3.13.0-CAPI-1.19.0
SQLite version
3.46.1
PDAL version
2.8.1
PostgreSQL client version
16.2
SpatiaLite version
5.1.0
QWT version
6.3.0
QScintilla2 version
2.14.1
OS version
Windows 11 Version 2009

Active Python plugins
autoSaver
2.9
processing_saga_nextgen
1.0.0
whitebox_workflows_for_qgis
1.2.6
db_manager
0.1.20
grassprovider
2.12.99
processing
2.12.99

Supported QGIS version

• I'm running a supported QGIS version according to the roadmap.

New profile

• I tried with a new QGIS profile

Additional context

No response