jin.go

package jin

import (
	"github.com/juanjiTech/inject/v2"
	"github.com/juanjiTech/jin/internal/bytesconv"
	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
	"golang.org/x/net/http2/h2c"
	"net/http"
	"path"
	"regexp"
	"sync"
)

var (
	default404Body = []byte("404 page not found")
	default405Body = []byte("405 method not allowed")
)

var regSafePrefix = regexp.MustCompile("[^a-zA-Z0-9/-] ")
var regRemoveRepeatedChar = regexp.MustCompile("/{2,}")

type Engine struct {
	inject.Injector
	RouterGroup

	// RedirectTrailingSlash enables automatic redirection if the current route can't be matched but a
	// handler for the path with (without) the trailing slash exists.
	// For example if /foo/ is requested but a route only exists for /foo, the
	// client is redirected to /foo with http status code 301 for GET requests
	// and 307 for all other request methods.
	RedirectTrailingSlash bool

	// RedirectFixedPath if enabled, the router tries to fix the current request path, if no
	// handle is registered for it.
	// First superfluous path elements like ../ or // are removed.
	// Afterwards the router does a case-insensitive lookup of the cleaned path.
	// If a handle can be found for this route, the router makes a redirection
	// to the corrected path with status code 301 for GET requests and 307 for
	// all other request methods.
	// For example /FOO and /..//Foo could be redirected to /foo.
	// RedirectTrailingSlash is independent of this option.
	RedirectFixedPath bool

	// HandleMethodNotAllowed if enabled, the router checks if another method is allowed for the
	// current route, if the current request can not be routed.
	// If this is the case, the request is answered with 'Method Not Allowed'
	// and HTTP status code 405.
	// If no other Method is allowed, the request is delegated to the NotFound
	// handler.
	HandleMethodNotAllowed bool

	// UseRawPath if enabled, the url.RawPath will be used to find parameters.
	UseRawPath bool

	// UnescapePathValues if true, the path value will be unescaped.
	// If UseRawPath is false (by default), the UnescapePathValues effectively is true,
	// as url.Path going to be used, which is already unescaped.
	UnescapePathValues bool

	// RemoveExtraSlash a parameter can be parsed from the URL even with extra slashes.
	// See the PR #1817 and issue #1644
	RemoveExtraSlash bool

	// UseH2C enable h2c support.
	UseH2C bool

	allNoRoute  HandlersChain
	allNoMethod HandlersChain
	noRoute     HandlersChain
	noMethod    HandlersChain
	trees       methodTrees
	maxParams   uint16
	maxSections uint16
	ctxPool     sync.Pool
}

func New() *Engine {
	debugPrintWARNINGNew()
	engine := &Engine{
		Injector: inject.New(),
		RouterGroup: RouterGroup{
			Handlers: nil,
			basePath: "/",
			root:     true,
		},
	}
	engine.RouterGroup.engine = engine
	engine.ctxPool.New = func() any {
		return engine.allocateContext(engine.maxParams)
	}
	return engine
}

func (engine *Engine) allocateContext(maxParams uint16) *Context {
	v := make(Params, 0, maxParams)
	skippedNodes := make([]skippedNode, 0, engine.maxSections)
	return &Context{Injector: inject.New(), params: &v, skippedNodes: &skippedNodes}
}

// Default returns an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached.
func Default() *Engine {
	engine := New()
	engine.Use(Recovery())
	// TODO: There should add some middleware
	return engine
}

func (engine *Engine) Handler() http.Handler {
	if !engine.UseH2C {
		return engine
	}

	h2s := &http2.Server{}
	return h2c.NewHandler(engine, h2s)
}

// NoRoute adds handlers for NoRoute. It returns a 404 code by default.
func (engine *Engine) NoRoute(handlers ...HandlerFunc) {
	engine.noRoute = handlers
	engine.rebuild404Handlers()
}

// NoMethod sets the handlers called when Engine.HandleMethodNotAllowed = true.
func (engine *Engine) NoMethod(handlers ...HandlerFunc) {
	engine.noMethod = handlers
	engine.rebuild405Handlers()
}

// Use attaches a global middleware to the router. i.e. the middleware attached through Use() will be
// included in the handlers chain for every single request. Even 404, 405, static files...
// For example, this is the right place for a logger or error management middleware.
func (engine *Engine) Use(middleware ...HandlerFunc) IRoutes {
	engine.RouterGroup.Use(middleware...)
	engine.rebuild404Handlers()
	engine.rebuild405Handlers()
	return engine
}

func (engine *Engine) rebuild404Handlers() {
	engine.allNoRoute = engine.combineHandlers(engine.noRoute)
}

func (engine *Engine) rebuild405Handlers() {
	engine.allNoMethod = engine.combineHandlers(engine.noMethod)
}

func (engine *Engine) addRoute(method, path string, handlers HandlersChain) {
	if path[0] != '/' {
		panic("path must begin with '/'")
	}
	if method == "" {
		panic("HTTP method can not be empty")
	}
	if len(handlers) == 0 {
		panic("there must be at least one handler")
	}

	fastInvokeWarpHandlerChain(handlers)

	debugPrintRoute(method, path, handlers)

	root := engine.trees.get(method)
	if root == nil {
		root = new(node)
		root.fullPath = "/"
		engine.trees = append(engine.trees, methodTree{method: method, root: root})
	}
	root.addRoute(path, handlers)

	// Update maxParams
	if paramsCount := countParams(path); paramsCount > engine.maxParams {
		engine.maxParams = paramsCount
	}

	if sectionsCount := countSections(path); sectionsCount > engine.maxSections {
		engine.maxSections = sectionsCount
	}
}

// Run attaches the router to a http.Server and starts listening and serving HTTP requests.
// It is a shortcut for http.ListenAndServe(addr, router)
// Note: this method will block the calling goroutine indefinitely unless an error happens.
func (engine *Engine) Run(addr ...string) (err error) {
	defer func() { debugPrintError(err) }()

	address := resolveAddress(addr)
	debugPrint("Listening and serving HTTP on %s\n", address)
	err = http.ListenAndServe(address, engine.Handler())
	return
}

// ServeHTTP conforms to the http.Handler interface.
func (engine *Engine) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	c := engine.ctxPool.Get().(*Context)
	c.writermem.reset(w)
	c.reset()
	c.Request = req
	c.Map(c.Writer, req, c)
	c.SetParent(engine.Injector)

	engine.handleHTTPRequest(c)

	engine.ctxPool.Put(c)
}

func (engine *Engine) handleHTTPRequest(c *Context) {
	httpMethod := c.Request.Method
	rPath := c.Request.URL.Path
	unescape := false
	if engine.UseRawPath && len(c.Request.URL.RawPath) > 0 {
		rPath = c.Request.URL.RawPath
		unescape = engine.UnescapePathValues
	}

	if engine.RemoveExtraSlash {
		rPath = cleanPath(rPath)
	}

	// Find root of the tree for the given HTTP method
	t := engine.trees
	for i, tl := 0, len(t); i < tl; i   {
		if t[i].method != httpMethod {
			continue
		}
		root := t[i].root
		// Find route in tree
		value := root.getValue(rPath, c.params, c.skippedNodes, unescape)
		if value.params != nil {
			c.Params = *value.params
		}
		if value.handlers != nil {
			c.handlers = value.handlers
			c.fullPath = value.fullPath
			c.Next()
			c.writermem.WriteHeaderNow()
			return
		}
		if httpMethod != http.MethodConnect && rPath != "/" {
			if value.tsr && engine.RedirectTrailingSlash {
				redirectTrailingSlash(c)
				return
			}
			if engine.RedirectFixedPath && redirectFixedPath(c, root, engine.RedirectFixedPath) {
				return
			}
		}
		break
	}

	if engine.HandleMethodNotAllowed {
		for _, tree := range engine.trees {
			if tree.method == httpMethod {
				continue
			}
			if value := tree.root.getValue(rPath, nil, c.skippedNodes, unescape); value.handlers != nil {
				c.handlers = engine.allNoMethod
				serveError(c, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, default405Body)
				return
			}
		}
	}
	c.handlers = engine.allNoRoute
	serveError(c, http.StatusNotFound, default404Body)
}

var mimePlain = []string{"text/plain"}

func serveError(c *Context, code int, defaultMessage []byte) {
	c.writermem.status = code
	c.Next()
	if c.writermem.Written() {
		return
	}
	if c.writermem.Status() == code {
		c.writermem.Header()["Content-Type"] = mimePlain
		_, err := c.Writer.Write(defaultMessage)
		if err != nil {
			debugPrint("cannot write message to writer during serve error: %v", err)
		}
		return
	}
	c.writermem.WriteHeaderNow()
}

func redirectTrailingSlash(c *Context) {
	req := c.Request
	p := req.URL.Path
	if prefix := path.Clean(c.Request.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-Prefix")); prefix != "." {
		prefix = regSafePrefix.ReplaceAllString(prefix, "")
		prefix = regRemoveRepeatedChar.ReplaceAllString(prefix, "/")

		p = prefix   "/"   req.URL.Path
	}
	req.URL.Path = p   "/"
	if length := len(p); length > 1 && p[length-1] == '/' {
		req.URL.Path = p[:length-1]
	}
	redirectRequest(c)
}

func redirectFixedPath(c *Context, root *node, trailingSlash bool) bool {
	req := c.Request
	rPath := req.URL.Path

	if fixedPath, ok := root.findCaseInsensitivePath(cleanPath(rPath), trailingSlash); ok {
		req.URL.Path = bytesconv.BytesToString(fixedPath)
		redirectRequest(c)
		return true
	}
	return false
}

func redirectRequest(c *Context) {
	req := c.Request
	rPath := req.URL.Path
	rURL := req.URL.String()

	code := http.StatusMovedPermanently // Permanent redirect, request with GET method
	if req.Method != http.MethodGet {
		code = http.StatusTemporaryRedirect
	}
	debugPrint("redirecting request %d: %s --> %s", code, rPath, rURL)
	http.Redirect(c.Writer, req, rURL, code)
	c.writermem.WriteHeaderNow()
}