Z3 is a theorem prover from Microsoft Research. It is licensed under the MIT license.

If you are not familiar with Z3, you can start here.

Pre-built binaries for stable and nightly releases are available from here.

Z3 can be built using Visual Studio, a Makefile or using CMake. It provides bindings for several programming languages.

See the release notes for notes on various stable releases of Z3.

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Docker image.

32-bit builds, start with:

python scripts/mk_make.py

or instead, for a 64-bit build:

python scripts/mk_make.py -x

then:

cd build
nmake

Z3 uses C 17. The recommended version of Visual Studio is therefore VS2019.

Execute:

python scripts/mk_make.py
cd build
make
sudo make install

Note by default g is used as the C compiler if it is available. If you would prefer to use Clang change the mk_make.py invocation to:

CXX=clang   CC=clang python scripts/mk_make.py

Note that Clang < 3.7 does not support OpenMP.

You can also build Z3 for Windows using Cygwin and the Mingw-w64 cross-compiler. To configure that case correctly, make sure to use Cygwin's own python and not some Windows installation of Python.

For a 64 bit build (from Cygwin64), configure Z3's sources with

CXX=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g   CC=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc AR=x86_64-w64-mingw32-ar python scripts/mk_make.py

A 32 bit build should work similarly (but is untested); the same is true for 32/64 bit builds from within Cygwin32.

By default, it will install z3 executable at PREFIX/bin, libraries at PREFIX/lib, and include files at PREFIX/include, where PREFIX installation prefix is inferred by the mk_make.py script. It is usually /usr for most Linux distros, and /usr/local for FreeBSD and macOS. Use the --prefix= command line option to change the install prefix. For example:

python scripts/mk_make.py --prefix=/home/leo
cd build
make
make install

To uninstall Z3, use

sudo make uninstall

To clean Z3 you can delete the build directory and run the mk_make.py script again.

Z3 has a build system using CMake. Read the README-CMake.md file for details. It is recommended for most build tasks, except for building OCaml bindings.

vcpkg is a full platform package manager, you can easily install libzmq with vcpkg.

Execute:

git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git
./bootstrap-vcpkg.bat # For powershell
./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh # For bash
./vcpkg install z3

Z3 itself has few dependencies. It uses C runtime libraries, including pthreads for multi-threading. It is optionally possible to use GMP for multi-precision integers, but Z3 contains its own self-contained multi-precision functionality. Python is required to build Z3. To build Java, .Net, OCaml, Julia APIs requires installing relevant tool chains.

Z3 has bindings for various programming languages.

You can install a nuget package for the latest release Z3 from nuget.org.

Use the --dotnet command line flag with mk_make.py to enable building these.

See examples/dotnet for examples.

These are always enabled.

See examples/c for examples.

These are always enabled.

See examples/c for examples.

Use the --java command line flag with mk_make.py to enable building these.

See examples/java for examples.

Use the --ml command line flag with mk_make.py to enable building these.

See examples/ml for examples.

You can install the Python wrapper for Z3 for the latest release from pypi using the command

   pip install z3-solver

Use the --python command line flag with mk_make.py to enable building these.

Note that it is required on certain platforms that the Python package directory (site-packages on most distributions and dist-packages on Debian based distributions) live under the install prefix. If you use a non standard prefix you can use the --pypkgdir option to change the Python package directory used for installation. For example:

python scripts/mk_make.py --prefix=/home/leo --python --pypkgdir=/home/leo/lib/python-2.7/site-packages

If you do need to install to a non standard prefix a better approach is to use a Python virtual environment and install Z3 there. Python packages also work for Python3. Under Windows, recall to build inside the Visual C native command build environment. Note that the build/python/z3 directory should be accessible from where python is used with Z3 and it depends on libz3.dll to be in the path.

virtualenv venv
source venv/bin/activate
python scripts/mk_make.py --python
cd build
make
make install
# You will find Z3 and the Python bindings installed in the virtual environment
venv/bin/z3 -h
...
python -c 'import z3; print(z3.get_version_string())'
...

See examples/python for examples.

The Julia package Z3.jl wraps the C API of Z3. Information about updating and building the Julia bindings can be found in src/api/julia.

A WebAssembly build with associated TypeScript typings is published on npm as z3-solver. Information about building these bindings can be found in src/api/js.

Project MachineArithmetic provides Smalltalk interface to Z3's C API. For more information, see MachineArithmetic/README.md

• Default input format is SMTLIB2

• Other native foreign function interfaces:

• C API

• .NET API

• Java API

• Python API (also available in pydoc format)

• C

• OCaml

• Julia

• Smalltalk (supports Pharo and Smalltalk/X)