This is the codebase for the paper The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Easy Training Data for Hard Tasks.
Below, we describe how to replicate the main experimental results in our paper.
We begin with a few examples of experiments that one should be able to run with the codebase. Note to use Llama-2 models, the llama2_path variable must be set in utils/utils.py.
pip install -r requirements.txt
Note that you must supply the --model_dir and --cache_dir args for saving/storing models by setting the MODEL_DIR and CACHE_DIR environment variables. Lowering the eval batch size (-ebs) to 4 (the minimum value given that ARC is 4-way multiple-choice) should help fit onto a smaller GPU.
python main.py --model huggyllama/llama-7b --do_eval true -llm true --probing_method decoding --dataset ai2_arc/ARC-Challenge --hardness_var_name NA --specific_prompt 0040 -pb 1 -np 1 --stratify_hardness false --k_shot 0 -ebs 8 --all_data_to_test true --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python main.py --model huggyllama/llama-13b --do_eval true -llm true --probing_method decoding --dataset ai2_arc --hardness_var_name NA --specific_prompt 0040 -pb 1 -np 1 --stratify_hardness false --k_shot 0 -ebs 10 --all_data_to_test true --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
Run Mixtral-8x7B on college level MMLU-STEM-5 data with a 10-shot prompt containing high school examples, using 5 random seeds
python main.py --model mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1 --do_eval true -llm true --probing_method decoding --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 --hardness_var_name human_hardness --specific_prompt 0040 -pb 5 -np 1 --stratify_hardness true --train_on easy --test_on hard --k_shot 10 -ebs 8 --all_data_to_test true --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
Now we describe how to replicate the main results in our paper using the run_jobs.py file. In general, you have to edit the use_models and use_methods in this file in order to not run experiments across Llama-2-7b, Llama-2-13b, Llama-2-70b, and all relevant training method including ICL, ICL CoT, linear probing, QLoRA, and QLoRA CoT. Note that using Llama-2-70b requires four 48gb gpus to load in 8bit quantization.
First, if you want to use linear models later on, then write model hidden states to file, which is a precursor to linear modeling.
python run_jobs.py -e write_hidden_states --dataset ai2_arc --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e write_hidden_states --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e write_hidden_states --dataset strategyQA --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
If you want to use model-based MDL metrics later on, estimate model-based hardness for these datasets. To use fewer than our four default 7b models, edit globals.hardness_models.
python run_jobs.py -e estimate_hardness --dataset ai2_arc --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e estimate_hardness --dataset strategy-qa --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e estimate_hardness --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
To get all-to-all performance (comparable to paper Table 4), run the following commands.
python run_jobs.py -e all_to_all_table --dataset ai2_arc -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 10 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e all_to_all_table --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 10 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e all_to_all_table --dataset strategy-qa -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 8 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e all_to_all_table --dataset gsm8k_main -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 8 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
Now to get results for the main easy-to-hard generalization results (RQ2 in the paper), run the below commands. To adjust which hardness measures are used for dataset stratification, adjust the value of stratify_var_names.
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset ai2_arc -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 10 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 10 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset strategy-qa -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 8 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset gsm8k_main -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 8 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
To get our Figure 1 plot, which measures college test performance for a model prompted with 3rd grade / 8th grade / high school data, run:
python run_jobs.py -e third_grade_to_college -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --k_shot 10 -rj 0 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
To get results with noisy training labels (RQ3), run:
python run_jobs.py -e noisy_labels_table --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 -nb 5 -lc 0 --n_train 160 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
To get learning curves with linear probes, to estimate performance w.r.t. training cost (RQ4), first set use_methods=['learned_CoT=False] and use_models = ['Llama-2-70b'] in get_population_table, then run:
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset ai2_arc -nb 10 -lc 1 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset mmlu_STEM-5 -nb 10 -lc 1 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
python run_jobs.py -e get_population_table --dataset strategy-qa -nb 10 -lc 1 --model_dir $MODEL_DIR --cache_dir $CACHE_DIR
We provide the R markdown file used for data analysis. The above run_jobs.py experiments will output .csv's into a result_sheets directory. The analysis.Rmd file loads results from this directory for plotting.
To cite this work, you can use
@misc{hase2024unreasonable,
title={The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Easy Training Data for Hard Tasks},
author={Peter Hase and Mohit Bansal and Peter Clark and Sarah Wiegreffe},
year={2024},
eprint={2401.06751},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL},
url={https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.06751.pdf}
}