Implements a logger that can be configured via an environment variable.

• env_logger documentation

env_logger makes sense when used in executables (binary projects). Libraries should use the log crate instead.

It must be added along with log to the project dependencies:

[dependencies]
log = "0.4.0"
env_logger = "0.5.0"

env_logger must be initialized as early as possible in the project. After it's initialized, you can use the log macros to do actual logging.

#[macro_use]
extern crate log;
extern crate env_logger;

fn main() {
    env_logger::init();

    info!("starting up");

    // ...
}

Then when running the executable, specify a value for the RUST_LOG environment variable that corresponds with the log messages you want to show.

$ RUST_LOG=info ./main
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: main: starting up

Tests can use the env_logger crate to see log messages generated during that test:

[dependencies]
log = "0.4.0"

[dev-dependencies]
env_logger = "0.5.0"

#[macro_use]
extern crate log;

fn add_one(num: i32) -> i32 {
    info!("add_one called with {}", num);
    num   1
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    extern crate env_logger;

    #[test]
    fn it_adds_one() {
        let _ = env_logger::try_init();
        info!("can log from the test too");
        assert_eq!(3, add_one(2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn it_handles_negative_numbers() {
        let _ = env_logger::try_init();
        info!("logging from another test");
        assert_eq!(-7, add_one(-8));
    }
}

Assuming the module under test is called my_lib, running the tests with the RUST_LOG filtering to info messages from this module looks like:

$ RUST_LOG=my_lib=info cargo test
     Running target/debug/my_lib-...

running 2 tests
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: my_lib::tests: logging from another test
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: my_lib: add_one called with -8
test tests::it_handles_negative_numbers ... ok
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: my_lib::tests: can log from the test too
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: my_lib: add_one called with 2
test tests::it_adds_one ... ok

test result: ok. 2 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured

Note that env_logger::try_init() needs to be called in each test in which you want to enable logging. Additionally, the default behavior of tests to run in parallel means that logging output may be interleaved with test output. Either run tests in a single thread by specifying RUST_TEST_THREADS=1 or by running one test by specifying its name as an argument to the test binaries as directed by the cargo test help docs:

$ RUST_LOG=my_lib=info cargo test it_adds_one
     Running target/debug/my_lib-...

running 1 test
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: my_lib::tests: can log from the test too
INFO: 2017-11-09T02:12:24Z: my_lib: add_one called with 2
test tests::it_adds_one ... ok

test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured

By default, env_logger logs to stderr. If you want to log to stdout instead, you can use the Builder to change the log target:

use std::env;
use env_logger::{Builder, Target};

let mut builder = Builder::new();
builder.target(Target::Stdout);
if env::var("RUST_LOG").is_ok() {
    builder.parse(&env::var("RUST_LOG").unwrap());
}
builder.init();