GEF
is a kick-ass set of commands for X86, ARM, MIPS, PowerPC and SPARC to
make GDB cool again for exploit dev. It is aimed to be used mostly by exploiters
and reverse-engineers, to
provide additional features to GDB using the Python API to assist during the
process of dynamic analysis and exploit development.
It has full support for both Python2 and Python3 indifferently (as more and more
distros start pushing gdb
compiled with Python3 support).
Some of GEF
features include:
- One single GDB script.
- Entirely OS Agnostic, NO dependencies:
GEF
is battery-included and is installable in 2 seconds (unlike PwnDBG). - Fast limiting the number of dependencies and optimizing code to make the commands as fast as possible (unlike PwnDBG).
- Provides more than 50 commands to drastically change your experience in GDB.
- Easily extendable to create other commands by providing more comprehensible layout to GDB Python API.
- Works consistently on both Python2 and Python3.
- Built around an architecture abstraction layer, so all commands work in any GDB-supported architecture such as x86-32/64, ARMv5/6/7, AARCH64, SPARC, MIPS, PowerPC, etc. (unlike PEDA)
- Suited for real-life apps debugging, exploit development, just as much as CTF (unlike PEDA or PwnDBG)
Simply make sure you have GDB 7.x .
# via the install script
$ wget -q -O- https://github.com/hugsy/gef/raw/master/gef.sh | sh
# manually
$ wget -O ~/.gdbinit-gef.py -q https://github.com/hugsy/gef/raw/master/gef.py
$ echo source ~/.gdbinit-gef.py >> ~/.gdbinit
Then just start playing (for local files):
$ gdb -q /path/to/my/bin
gef➤ gef help
Or (for remote debugging):
remote:~ $ gdbserver 0.0.0.0:1234 /path/to/file
Running as PID: 666
And:
local:~ $ gdb -q
gef➤ gef-remote -t your.ip.address:1234 -p 666
If your host/VM is connected to the Internet, you can update gef
easily to the latest version (even without git
installed). with python /path/to/gef.py --update
For example:
$ python ~/.gdbinit-gef.py --update
Updated
If no updates are available, gef
will respond No update
instead.
This shows a few examples of new features available to you when installing
GEF
, with the supported architecture.
There are none: GEF
works out of the box! However, to enjoy all the coolest
features, it is highly recommended to install:
GEF
greatly enhances the capabilities of GDB thanks to a full integration of
the following libraries:
capstone
(by Nguyen Anh Quynh) is an alternative disassembly engine, andkeystone
is an (arguably the best) assembly engine.keystone
allows us to generate opcodes, which can, for example, then be used as part of a shellcode.
unicorn
(also written by Nguyen Anh Quynh) is a lightweight Qemu-based framework to emulate any architecture currently supported byGDB
(and even some more).
For a quick installation, use the pip
packaged version:
$ pip2 install capstone unicorn keystone-engine # for Python2.x
$ pip3 install capstone unicorn keystone-engine # for Python3.x
You can use pip
to simply and quickly install it.
capstone
and keystone
are under very active development and improvement, so it is recommended to compile and install them from git.
$ git clone https://github.com/keystone-engine/keystone.git
$ mkdir -p keystone/build && cd keystone/build
$ ../make-share.sh
$ sudo make install
$ sudo ldconfig
$ cd ../bindings/python && sudo ./setup.py build && sudo ./setup.py install
capstone
provides an alternative to the gdb
disassembler, which could be
useful specifically when dealing with complex/uncommon instructions.
Install is simple through pip
, but to get the latest features from it,
installation from the repository is recommended:
$ git clone https://github.com/unicorn-engine/unicorn.git && cd unicorn && ./make.sh && sudo ./make.sh install
unicorn
integration in gef
allows to emulate the behaviour to specific instructions (or block of instructions) based on the runtime context, without actually running it, and therefore sparing the trouble of saving the context/running the new context/restoring the old context. Additionally, gef
can generate a standalone unicorn
Python script, if you want/need to reproduce steps outside the debugger.
Ropper
(written by Sascha Schirra) is a gadget finder based on ROPgadget
. It supports opening multiple files and provides an awesome search option to find accurate gadgets.
$ pip[23] install ropper
Some of the optional dependencies can be installed using Python package
installer, pip
. Simply run this
$ pip[23] install ropper capstone
Yes! Why not?! PEDA is a fantastic tool to
do the same, but only works for x86-32 or x86-64x whereas GEF
supports
all the architecture supported by GDB
(currently x86, ARM, AARCH64, MIPS,
PowerPC, SPARC) but is designed to integrate new architectures very easily as
well!
To discuss gef
, gdb
, exploitation or other topics, feel free to join the
##gef
channel on the Freenode IRC network. You can also to me (hugsy
) via the
channel. For those who do not have an IRC client (like weechat
or irssi
),
simply click here.
For bugs or feature requests, just go here and provide a thorough description if you want help.
Side Note: GEF
fully relies on GDB API and other Linux-specific sources of information
(such as /proc/<pid>
). As a consequence, some of the features might not work on
custom or hardened systems such as GrSec.
gef
was created and maintained by myself,
@_hugsy_
, but kept fresh thanks to all
the contributors.
Or if you just like the tool, feel free to drop a simple "thanks" on IRC, Twitter or other, it is always very appreciated.
I love Open-Source, and just like
my other projects
I've decided to offer a 🍺 4 🐛 (a.k.a beer4bugs) bounty for
GEF
, to thank everybody who helps keeping the project living and always
better.
The rule is simple, provide a (substantial) contribution to GEF
, such as:
- Submitting a Pull-Request for a new feature/command.
- Submitting a Pull-Request for a new architecture support.
- Or sending a relevant issue request (like a bug, crash, or else).
Poke me on the IRC ##gef
channel about it, and next time we meet in person
(like at a conference), I'll be happy to pay you a beer.
I do also accept beers if you think that the tool is cool! 😉
Cheers 🍻