Wikipedia

Aliados (Primera Guerra Mundial)

Bando opuesto a las Potencias Centrales en la Primera Guerra Mundial

En el contexto de la Primera Guerra Mundial, se entiende por Aliados a los países en conflicto con las Potencias Centrales. El bloque aliado tuvo su origen en la Triple Entente, integrada por: Francia, el Reino Unido y Rusia. En sentido estricto comenzaron a llamarse así tras la firma del Pacto de Londres, el 5 de septiembre de 1914[1]​

Mapamundi que muestra los participantes durante la Primera Guerra Mundial.      Entente y los Aliados (algunos entraron en la guerra y otros se mantuvieron neutral pero apoyaron a sus aliados)      Potencias Centrales      Países neutrales
Evolución de las alianzas durante la Primera Guerra Mundial:      Entente      Colonia, dominio y/o territorios ocupados por la Entente      Potencias centrales      Territorio ocupado por las potencias centrales y/o sus colonias      Neutral

Principales países aliados

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Otros países aliados

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Otros países que tuvieron participación militar:

Aliados nominales

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Países que declararon la guerra a las Potencias Centrales pero que no participaron militarmente:

  •   Principado de Andorra (Desde 1914)[2]​
  •   República de China (a partir de agosto de 1917, pero un año antes los ingleses los reclutaron para trabajos detrás de la Línea del Frente)[3]​
  •   Costa Rica (a partir de mayo de 1918)
  •   Cuba (a partir de abril de 1917)
  •   Guatemala (a partir de abril de 1918)
  •   Liberia (a partir de agosto de 1917)
  •   Haití (a partir de julio de 1918)
  •   Honduras (a partir de julio de 1918)
  •   Panamá (en abril de 1917 declaró la guerra a Alemania, en diciembre de 1917 al Imperio Austrohúngaro).
  •   Nicaragua (El 8 de Abril declaró la guerra a Alemania y al Imperio Austrohúngaro).

Fuerzas y pérdidas de las potencias aliadas

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Gráfica circular mostrando las bajas de las fuerzas aliadas.
País Fuerzas movilizadas Muertos en combate Heridos en combate Pérdidas totales Porcentaje de pérdidas respecto al total de fuerzas movilizadas
Australia 412 953 61 928[4]​ 152 171 214 099 52%
Bélgica 267 000 38 172[5]​ 44 686 82 858 31%
Canadá 28 964 56 639[6]​ 149 732 214 676 34%
Estados Unidos 4 355 000 116 708[7]​ 205 690 322 398 7%
Francia 8 410 000 1 186 000[8]​ 4 266 000 5 663 800 67%
Grecia 230 000 26 000[9]​ 21 000 47 000 20%
India 1 440 437 74 187[10]​ 143 401 217 588 15%
Italia 5 615 000 651 010[11]​ 953 886 1 604 896 29%
Japón 800 000 415[12]​ 907 1322 <1%
Montenegro 50 000 3000 10 000 13 000 26%
Nueva Zelanda 128 525 18 050[13]​ 41 317 59 367 46%
Terranova 11 922 1204[14]​ 2314 3518 30%
Portugal 100 000 7222[15]​ 13 751 20 973 21%
Reino Unido 6 200 000 885 138[16]​ 1 663 435 2 548 573 41%
Rumanía 750 000 250 000[17]​ 120 000 370 000 43%
Rusia 12 000 000 1 811 000[18]​ 4 950 000 6 761 000 59%
Serbia 707 343 275 000[19]​ 133 148 408 148 20%
Sudáfrica 136 070 9463[20]​ 12 029 21 492 16%
Total 42 243 214 5 691 241 12 809 280 18 500 521 44%
Estadísticas de los principales aliados[21]​
Rusia 173,2 21.700 
km²
257,7
Francia 39,8 500.000 km² 138,7
Reino Unido 46 300.000 km² 226,4
Italia 35.6 300.000 km² 93,3
Estados Unidos 95,5 7.800.000 km² 511,6
Total 793,3 67.500.000 km² 1.096,5

Véase también

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Referencias

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  1. ↑ Stevenson, 2013, p. 106.
  2. ↑ https://adadabsurdum.blogspot.com/2015/03/andorra-vs-alemania-39-anos-en-guerra.html
  3. ↑ https://www.lavanguardia.com/internacional/20150405/54429433004/el-olvidado-papel-de-los-chinos-en-la-i-guerra-mundial.html
  4. ↑ Pérdidas australianas
    Included in total are 55,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds-.
    The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2005-2006 is the source of total military dead.-
    Totals include 2,005 military deaths during 1919-21-. The 1922 War Office report listed 59,330 Army war dead.
  5. ↑ Belgium casualties
    Included in total are 35,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds Figures include 13,716 killed and 24,456 missing up until Nov.11, 1918. "These figures are approximate only, the records being incomplete.".
  6. ↑ Canada casualties
    Included in total are 53,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds.
    The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2005-2006 is the source of total military dead.
    Totals include 3,789 military deaths during 1919-21 and 150 Merchant Navy deaths-. The losses of Newfoundland are listed separately on this table. The 1922 War Office report listed 56,639 Army war dead.
  7. ↑ United States casualties
    Official military war deaths listed by the US Dept. of Defense for the period ending Dec. 31, 1918 are 116,516; which includes 53,402 battle deaths and 63,114 other deaths.[1], The US Coast Guard lost an additional 192 dead.
  8. ↑ France casualties
    Included in total are 1,186,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds. Totals include the deaths of 71,100 French colonial troops. -Figures include war related military deaths of 28,600 from 11/11/1918 to 6/1/1919.
  9. ↑ Greece casualties
    Jean Bujac in a campaign history of the Greek Army in World War One listed 8,365 combat related deaths and 3,255 missing, The Soviet researcher Boris Urlanis estimated total dead of 26,000 including 15,000 military deaths due disease
  10. ↑ India casualties
    British India included present-day India, Pakistán and Bangladés.
    Included in total are 27,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds.
    The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2005-2006 is the source of total military dead.
    Totals include 15,069 military deaths during 1919-21 and 1,841 Canadian Merchant Navy dea. The 1922 War Office report listed 64,454 Army war dead
  11. ↑ Italy casualties
    Included in total are 433,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds
    Figures of total military dead are from a 1925 Italian report using official data.
  12. ↑ War dead figure is from a 1991 history of the Japanese Army.
  13. ↑ New Zealand casualties
    Included in total are 14,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds.
    The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2005-2006 is the source of total military dead.
    Totals include 702 military deaths during 1919-21. The 1922 War Office report listed 16,711 Army war dead.
  14. ↑ Newfoundland casualties
    Newfoundland was a Dominion at the time, and not part of Canadá. The 1922 War Office report listed 1,204 Army war dead
  15. ↑ Portugal casualties
    Figures include the following killed and died of other causes up until Jan.1, 1920; 1,689 in France and 5,332 in Africa. Figures do not include an additional 12,318 listed as missing and POW.
  16. ↑ UK and Crown Colonies casualties
    Included in total are 624,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds.
    The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2005-2006 is the source of total military dead.
    Military dead total includes 34,663 deaths during 1919-21 and 13,632 British Merchant Navy deaths. The losses of Newfoundland are listed separately on this table. The 1922 War Office report listed 702,410 war dead for the UK, 507 from "Other colonies" and the Royal Navy (32,287).
    The British Merchant Navy losses of 14,661 were listed separately; The 1922 War Office report detailed the deaths of 310 military personnel due to air and sea bombardment of the UK.
  17. ↑ Romania casualties
    Military dead is "The figure reported by the Rumanian Government in reply to a questionnaire from the International Labour Office". Included in total are 177,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds.
  18. ↑ Russia casualties
    Included in total are 1,451,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds. The estimate of total Russian military losses was made by the Soviet researcher Boris Urlanis.
  19. ↑ Serbia casualties
    Included in total are 165,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds.The estimate of total combined Serbian and Montenegrin military losses of 278,000 was made by the Soviet researcher Boris Urlanis
  20. ↑ South Africa casualties
    Included in total are 5,000 killed or missing in action and died of wounds
    The Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2005-2006 is the source of total military dead.
    Totals include 380 military deaths during 1919-21. The 1922 War Office report listed 7,121 Army war dead.
  21. ↑ S.N. Broadberry, Mark Harrison. The Economics of World War I. illustrated ed. Cambridge University Press, 2005, pgs. 7-8.

Bibliografía

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  • Ellis, John and Mike Cox. The World War I Databook: The Essential Facts and Figures for All the Combatants (2002)
  • Espositons, Vincent J. The West Point Atlas of American Wars: 1900-1918 (1997) despite the title covers entire war; online maps from this atlas
  • Falls, Cyril. nkxiei

(1960), general military history

  • Higham, Robin and Dennis E. Showalter, eds. Researching World War I: A Handbook (2003), historiography, stressing military themes
  • Pope, Stephen and Wheal, Elizabeth-Anne, eds. The Macmillan Dictionary of the First World War (1995)
  • Stevenson, David (2013). 1914-1918. Historia de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Barcelona: Círculo de Lectores/Penguin Random House. ISBN 978-84-672-5794-6. 
  • Strachan, Hew. The First World War: Volume I: To Arms (2004)
  • Trask, David F. The United States in the Supreme War Council: American War Aims and Inter-Allied Strategy, 1917-1918 (1961)
  • Tucker, Spencer, ed. The Encyclopedia of World War I: A Political, Social, and Military History (5 volumes) (2005), online at eBook.com
  • Tucker, Spencer, ed. European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia (1999)
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