zafar

See also: Zafar

Galician

Alternative forms

safar

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese çafar (“to vanish”) (13th century), from Andalusian Arabic زَاح ([a]záḥ), from Arabic أَزَاحَ (ʔazāḥa, “to remove; to move to another place”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [za.ˈfaɾ], (western) [sa.ˈfaɾ]

Verb

zafar (first-person singular present zafo, first-person singular preterite zafei, past participle zafado)

(transitive) to let off, spare, free
(pronominal or intransitive) to get out (to come out of a situation)
(pronominal) to handle oneself

Conjugation

Conjugation of zafar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	zafar
Personal	zafar	zafares	zafar	zafarmos	zafardes	zafaren
Gerund
	zafando
Past participle
Masculine	zafado			zafados
Feminine	zafada			zafadas
Indicative
Present	zafo	zafas	zafa	zafamos	zafades	zafan
Imperfect	zafaba	zafabas	zafaba	zafabamos	zafabades	zafaban
Preterite	zafei	zafaches	zafou	zafamos	zafastes	zafaron
Pluperfect	zafara	zafaras	zafara	zafaramos	zafarades	zafaran
Future	zafarei	zafarás	zafará	zafaremos	zafaredes	zafarán
Conditional	zafaría	zafarías	zafaría	zafariamos	zafariades	zafarían
Subjunctive
Present	zafe	zafes	zafe	zafemos	zafedes	zafen
Imperfect	zafase	zafases	zafase	zafásemos	zafásedes	zafasen
Future	zafar	zafares	zafar	zafarmos	zafardes	zafaren
Imperative
Affirmative		zafa	zafe	zafemos	zafade	zafen
Negative (non)		non zafes	non zafe	non zafemos	non zafedes	non zafen

Reintegrated conjugation of zafar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	zafar
Personal	zafar	zafares	zafar	zafarmos	zafardes	zafarem
Gerund
	zafando
Past participle
Masculine	zafado			zafados
Feminine	zafada			zafadas
Indicative
Present	zafo	zafas	zafa	zafamos	zafades, zafais	zafam
Imperfect	zafava	zafavas	zafava	zafávamos	zafávades, zafáveis, zafávais¹	zafavam
Preterite	zafei	zafaste, zafache¹	zafou	zafamos	zafastes	zafárom, zafaram
Pluperfect	zafara	zafaras	zafara	zafáramos	zafárades, zafáreis, zafárais¹	zafaram
Future	zafarei	zafarás	zafará	zafaremos	zafaredes, zafareis	zafarám, zafarão
Conditional	zafaria	zafarias	zafaria	zafaríamos	zafaríades, zafaríeis, zafaríais¹	zafariam
Subjunctive
Present	zafe	zafes	zafe	zafemos	zafedes, zafeis	zafem
Imperfect	zafasse	zafasses	zafasse	zafássemos	zafássedes, zafásseis	zafassem
Future	zafar	zafares	zafar	zafarmos	zafardes	zafarem
Imperative
Affirmative		zafa	zafe	zafemos	zafade, zafai	zafem
Negative (nom)		nom zafes	nom zafe	nom zafemos	nom zafedes, nom zafeis	nom zafem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

References

Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “çafar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “çafa”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “safar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “zafar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
“zafar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “zafar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “zafar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “zafar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Spanish

Etymology

From Andalusian Arabic زَاح ([a]záḥ), from Arabic أَزَاحَ (ʔazāḥa, “to remove; to move to another place”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Spain) /θaˈfaɾ/ [θaˈfaɾ]
IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /saˈfaɾ/ [saˈfaɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: za‧far

Verb

zafar (first-person singular present zafo, first-person singular preterite zafé, past participle zafado)

(transitive) to loosen; to untie
Synonym: aflojar
(intransitive, Latin America, followed by "de") to get out of; to dodge (an obligation)
(reflexive) to come undone; to loosen up
(reflexive, followed by "de") to free oneself of; to get free of

Conjugation

Conjugation of zafar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			zafar
gerund			zafando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		zafado		zafada
		plural		zafados		zafadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	zafo	zafas^{^tú} zafás^{^vos}	zafa	zafamos	zafáis	zafan
	imperfect	zafaba	zafabas	zafaba	zafábamos	zafabais	zafaban
	preterite	zafé	zafaste	zafó	zafamos	zafasteis	zafaron
	future	zafaré	zafarás	zafará	zafaremos	zafaréis	zafarán
	conditional	zafaría	zafarías	zafaría	zafaríamos	zafaríais	zafarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	zafe	zafes^{^tú} zafés^{^vos²}	zafe	zafemos	zaféis	zafen
	imperfect (ra)	zafara	zafaras	zafara	zafáramos	zafarais	zafaran
	imperfect (se)	zafase	zafases	zafase	zafásemos	zafaseis	zafasen
	future¹	zafare	zafares	zafare	zafáremos	zafareis	zafaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		zafa^{^tú} zafá^{^vos}	zafe	zafemos	zafad	zafen
	negative		no zafes	no zafe	no zafemos	no zaféis	no zafen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of zafar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive zafar	dative	zafarme	zafarte	zafarle, zafarse	zafarnos	zafaros	zafarles, zafarse
with infinitive zafar	accusative	zafarme	zafarte	zafarlo, zafarla, zafarse	zafarnos	zafaros	zafarlos, zafarlas, zafarse

with gerund zafando	dative	zafándome	zafándote	zafándole, zafándose	zafándonos	zafándoos	zafándoles, zafándose
with gerund zafando	accusative	zafándome	zafándote	zafándolo, zafándola, zafándose	zafándonos	zafándoos	zafándolos, zafándolas, zafándose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative zafa	dative	záfame	záfate	záfale	záfanos	not used	záfales
with informal second-person singular tú imperative zafa	accusative	záfame	záfate	záfalo, záfala	záfanos	not used	záfalos, záfalas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative zafá	dative	zafame	zafate	zafale	zafanos	not used	zafales
with informal second-person singular vos imperative zafá	accusative	zafame	zafate	zafalo, zafala	zafanos	not used	zafalos, zafalas

with formal second-person singular imperative zafe	dative	záfeme	not used	záfele, záfese	záfenos	not used	záfeles
with formal second-person singular imperative zafe	accusative	záfeme	not used	záfelo, záfela, záfese	záfenos	not used	záfelos, záfelas

with first-person plural imperative zafemos	dative	not used	zafémoste	zafémosle	zafémonos	zafémoos	zafémosles
with first-person plural imperative zafemos	accusative	not used	zafémoste	zafémoslo, zafémosla	zafémonos	zafémoos	zafémoslos, zafémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative zafad	dative	zafadme	not used	zafadle	zafadnos	zafaos	zafadles
with informal second-person plural imperative zafad	accusative	zafadme	not used	zafadlo, zafadla	zafadnos	zafaos	zafadlos, zafadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative zafen	dative	záfenme	not used	záfenle	záfennos	not used	záfenles, záfense
with formal second-person plural imperative zafen	accusative	záfenme	not used	záfenlo, záfenla	záfennos	not used	záfenlos, záfenlas, záfense

Descendants

→ Portuguese: safar

Uzbek

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر (ẓafar).

Noun

zafar (plural zafarlar)

victory, triumph

Related terms

muzaffar

[1] Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “zafar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

[1]

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Descendants

Further reading

Uzbek

Etymology

Noun

Related terms