vorst

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /vɔrst/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: vorst
  • Rhymes: -ɔrst

Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch vorste, from Old Dutch furista, fursta, from the substantivised weak inflection of Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“first”).

Noun

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vorst m (plural vorsten, diminutive vorstje n, feminine vorstin)

  1. the generic term for prince, monarch, ruler
  2. a prince, rendering of tradition-specific title of certain ranks (all below King)
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: vors
  • Negerhollands: voorst

Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch vorst, a metathetic form of Old Dutch *frost, from Proto-West Germanic *frost, from Proto-Germanic *frustaz. Equivalent to vriezen (“to freeze”) ‎ -t (“verbal noun”).

Noun

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vorst m (uncountable)

  1. the frost, freeze, frosty weather
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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From Middle Dutch vorst, voerst, from Old Dutch furost, from Proto-West Germanic *furhisti.

Noun

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vorst m (plural vorsten, diminutive vorstje n)

  1. copse, grove, woodland (a coppiced land smaller than a forest)
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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From Middle Dutch vorst, vorste, from Proto-West Germanic *fursti, from Proto-Germanic *furstiz, variant of *firstiz.

Most closely related to Middle Low German vorst, Middle High German forst. Through the i-form also cognate with Middle Dutch verst, verste, French faîte, German First, Old English first.

Noun

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vorst f (plural vorsten)

  1. a ridgepole
    Synonym: nok
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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Verb

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vorst

  1. inflection of vorsen:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. (archaic) plural imperative

References

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  • M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

Estonian

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Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et
vorstid

Etymology

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From Middle Low German worst. First attested in 1557.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈvorst/, [ˈvorst]
  • Rhymes: -orst
  • Hyphenation: vorst

Noun

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vorst (genitive vorsti, partitive vorsti)

  1. sausage
    Haigele arsti, tervele vorsti. (idiomatic) ― A doctor for the sick, a sausage for the healthy.
    • 1984, Eno Raud, Naksitrallid, volume 1 (children's), Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, →ISBN, page 84:
      "Ainult kuskil poe juures peame hetkeks kinni ja ostame kassi jaoks natuke vorsti.
      Vorst kassile on tähtis toiduaine, /
      et näljast tal ei lõpeks teekond maine."
      "We only stop for a moment at a shop somewhere and buy some sausage for the cat.
      Sausage is an important food for a cat, /
      so that hunger doesn't end its earthly course."
  2. (humorous, derogatory, mostly in compounds) a person with some negative attribute
    • 2012 January 17, Katrin Helend-Aaviku, “Haigele arsti, tervele vorsti”, in Nädaline, page 6:
      Vorstil on ikka olnud eestlase jaoks tähtis koht. Ja mitte ainult toidulaual, kust ta võiks isegi natuke tagasi tõmbuda. Oma koht on tal aga ka eesti kirjanduses, kust lustakaid võrdlusi lugedes ei saagi lugejal isu täis. Näiteks nii Vilde kui ka Tammsaare on laisku inimesi kirjeldades kasutanud sõna vorst - "ta on laisk nagu vorst" […]
      Sausages have always had an important place for Estonians. And not only on the food table, from where it could even retreat a little. But it also has its place in Estonian literature, where the reader will never tire of reading funny comparisons. For example, both Vilde and Tammsaare have used the word sausage to describe lazy people - 'he's as lazy as a sausage' […]

Declension

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Declension of vorst (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative vorst vorstid
accusative nom.
gen. vorsti
genitive vorstide
partitive vorsti vorste
vorstisid
illative vorsti
vorstisse 		vorstidesse
vorstesse
inessive vorstis vorstides
vorstes
elative vorstist vorstidest
vorstest
allative vorstile vorstidele
vorstele
adessive vorstil vorstidel
vorstel
ablative vorstilt vorstidelt
vorstelt
translative vorstiks vorstideks
vorsteks
terminative vorstini vorstideni
essive vorstina vorstidena
abessive vorstita vorstideta
comitative vorstiga vorstidega

Derived terms

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nominals
phrases

Compounds

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References

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  • vorst in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
  • “vorst”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • Jüri Viikberg (2016) “vorst”, in [ASL] Alamsaksa laensõnad eesti keeles [Low German Loanwords in the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online dictionary)

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch *frost, from Proto-West Germanic *frost, from Proto-Germanic *frustaz.

Noun

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vorst m

  1. The frost, icy cold.

Inflection

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

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Further reading

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Polabian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle Low German vorst, from Old Saxon worst, from Proto-West Germanic *wursti.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

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vorst m ?

  1. sausage

Declension

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

References

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  • Polański, Kazimierz (1994) “vorst”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 6 (un – źornü), Warszawa: Energeia, →ISBN, page 1038
  • Polański, Kazimierz, James Allen Sehnert (1967) “vorst”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 178
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