sortaa

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form sortaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd

inessive

sortamassa

—

elative

sortamasta

—

illative

sortamaan

—

adessive

sortamalla

—

abessive

sortamatta

—

instructive

sortaman

sorrettaman

4th³

verbal noun

sortaminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	sortamaisillani	sortamaisillamme
2nd	sortamaisillasi	sortamaisillanne
3rd	sortamaisillaan sortamaisillansa

Less common:

Inflection of sortaa (Kotus type 55*K/soutaa, rt-rr gradation)

indicative mood

present tense

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

sorran

en sorra

1st sing.

olen sortanut

en ole sortanut

2nd sing.

sorrat

et sorra

2nd sing.

olet sortanut

et ole sortanut

3rd sing.

sortaa

ei sorra

3rd sing.

on sortanut

ei ole sortanut

1st plur.

sorramme

emme sorra

1st plur.

olemme sortaneet

emme ole sortaneet

2nd plur.

sorratte

ette sorra

2nd plur.

olette sortaneet

ette ole sortaneet

3rd plur.

sortavat

eivät sorra

3rd plur.

ovat sortaneet

eivät ole sortaneet

passive

sorretaan

ei sorreta

passive

on sorrettu

ei ole sorrettu

past tense

pluperfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

sorrin
sorsin

en sortanut

1st sing.

olin sortanut

en ollut sortanut

2nd sing.

sorrit
sorsit

et sortanut

2nd sing.

olit sortanut

et ollut sortanut

3rd sing.

sorti
sorsi

ei sortanut

3rd sing.

oli sortanut

ei ollut sortanut

1st plur.

sorrimme
sorsimme

emme sortaneet

1st plur.

olimme sortaneet

emme olleet sortaneet

2nd plur.

sorritte
sorsitte

ette sortaneet

2nd plur.

olitte sortaneet

ette olleet sortaneet

3rd plur.

sortivat
sorsivat

eivät sortaneet

3rd plur.

olivat sortaneet

eivät olleet sortaneet

passive

sorrettiin

ei sorrettu

passive

oli sorrettu

ei ollut sorrettu

conditional mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

sortaisin

en sortaisi

1st sing.

olisin sortanut

en olisi sortanut

2nd sing.

sortaisit

et sortaisi

2nd sing.

olisit sortanut

et olisi sortanut

3rd sing.

sortaisi

ei sortaisi

3rd sing.

olisi sortanut

ei olisi sortanut

1st plur.

sortaisimme

emme sortaisi

1st plur.

olisimme sortaneet

emme olisi sortaneet

2nd plur.

sortaisitte

ette sortaisi

2nd plur.

olisitte sortaneet

ette olisi sortaneet

3rd plur.

sortaisivat

eivät sortaisi

3rd plur.

olisivat sortaneet

eivät olisi sortaneet

passive

sorrettaisiin

ei sorrettaisi

passive

olisi sorrettu

ei olisi sorrettu

imperative mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

—

1st sing.

—

2nd sing.

sorra

älä sorra

2nd sing.

—

3rd sing.

sortakoon

älköön sortako

3rd sing.

olkoon sortanut

älköön olko sortanut

1st plur.

sortakaamme

älkäämme sortako

1st plur.

—

2nd plur.

sortakaa

älkää sortako

2nd plur.

—

3rd plur.

sortakoot

älkööt sortako

3rd plur.

olkoot sortaneet

älkööt olko sortaneet

passive

sorrettakoon

älköön sorrettako

passive

olkoon sorrettu

älköön olko sorrettu

potential mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

sortanen

en sortane

1st sing.

lienen sortanut

en liene sortanut

2nd sing.

sortanet

et sortane

2nd sing.

lienet sortanut

et liene sortanut

3rd sing.

sortanee

ei sortane

3rd sing.

lienee sortanut

ei liene sortanut

1st plur.

sortanemme

emme sortane

1st plur.

lienemme sortaneet

emme liene sortaneet

2nd plur.

sortanette

ette sortane

2nd plur.

lienette sortaneet

ette liene sortaneet

3rd plur.

sortanevat

eivät sortane

3rd plur.

lienevät sortaneet

eivät liene sortaneet

passive

sorrettaneen

ei sorrettane

passive

lienee sorrettu

ei liene sorrettu

Nominal forms

infinitives

participles

active

passive

active

passive

1st

sortaa

present

sortava

sorrettava

long 1st¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	sortaakseni	sortaaksemme
2nd	sortaaksesi	sortaaksenne
3rd	sortaakseen sortaaksensa

past

sortanut

sorrettu

2nd

inessive²

sortaessa

sorrettaessa

agent⁴

sortama

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	sortaessani	sortaessamme
2nd	sortaessasi	sortaessanne
3rd	sortaessaan sortaessansa

negative

sortamaton

instructive

sortaen

—

¹⁾ Used only with a possessive suffix.

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form sortaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd

inessive

sortamassa

—

elative

sortamasta

—

illative

sortamaan

—

adessive

sortamalla

—

abessive

sortamatta

—

instructive

sortaman

sorrettaman

4th³

verbal noun

sortaminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	sortamaisillani	sortamaisillamme
2nd	sortamaisillasi	sortamaisillanne
3rd	sortamaisillaan sortamaisillansa

Derived terms

nouns

verbs

Anagrams

orasta, saarto, soraat, sorata

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sortadak (“to tip over”). Cognates include Finnish sortaa and Veps sorta.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsortɑː/, [ˈs̠o̞rtɑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsortɑː/, [ˈʃo̞rtɑː]
Rhymes: -ortɑː
Hyphenation: sor‧taa

Verb

sortaa

Synonym of sortua

Conjugation

Conjugation of sortaa (type 3/kyntää, rt-rr gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	sorran	en sorra	1st singular	oon sortant, oon sortanut	en oo sortant, en oo sortanut
2nd singular	sorrat	et sorra	2nd singular	oot sortant, oot sortanut	et oo sortant, et oo sortanut
3rd singular	sortaa	ei sorra	3rd singular	ono sortant, ono sortanut	ei oo sortant, ei oo sortanut
1st plural	sorramma	emmä sorra	1st plural	oomma sortaneet	emmä oo sortaneet
2nd plural	sorratta	että sorra	2nd plural	ootta sortaneet	että oo sortaneet
3rd plural	sortaat¹⁾, sortavat²⁾, sorretaa	evät sorra, ei sorreta	3rd plural	ovat sortaneet	evät oo sortaneet, ei oo sorrettu
impersonal	sorretaa	ei sorreta	impersonal	ono sorrettu	ei oo sorrettu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	sorsin	en sortant, en sortanut	1st singular	olin sortant, olin sortanut	en olt sortant, en olt sortanut
2nd singular	sorsit	et sortant, et sortanut	2nd singular	olit sortant, olit sortanut	et olt sortant, et olt sortanut
3rd singular	sorsi	ei sortant, ei sortanut	3rd singular	oli sortant, oli sortanut	ei olt sortant, ei olt sortanut
1st plural	sorsimma	emmä sortaneet	1st plural	olimma sortaneet	emmä olleet sortaneet
2nd plural	sorsitta	että sortaneet	2nd plural	olitta sortaneet	että olleet sortaneet
3rd plural	sorsiit¹⁾, sorsivat²⁾, sorrettii	evät sortaneet, ei sorrettu	3rd plural	olivat sortaneet	evät olleet sortaneet, ei olt sorrettu
impersonal	sorrettii	ei sorrettu	impersonal	oli sorrettu	ei olt sorrettu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	sortaisin	en sortais	1st singular	olisin sortant, olisin sortanut	en olis sortant, en olis sortanut
2nd singular	sortaisit, sortaist¹⁾	et sortais	2nd singular	olisit sortant, olisit sortanut	et olis sortant, et olis sortanut
3rd singular	sortais	ei sortais	3rd singular	olis sortant, olis sortanut	ei olis sortant, ei olis sortanut
1st plural	sortaisimma	emmä sortais	1st plural	olisimma sortaneet	emmä olis sortaneet
2nd plural	sortaisitta	että sortais	2nd plural	olisitta sortaneet	että olis sortaneet
3rd plural	sortaisiit¹⁾, sortaisivat²⁾, sorrettais	evät sortais, ei sorrettais	3rd plural	olisivat sortaneet	evät olis sortaneet, ei olis sorrettu
impersonal	sorrettais	ei sorrettais	impersonal	olis sorrettu	ei olis sorrettu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	sorra	elä sorra	2nd singular	oo sortant, oo sortanut	elä oo sortant, elä oo sortanut
3rd singular	sortakoo	elköö sortako	3rd singular	olkoo sortant, olkoo sortanut	elköö olko sortant, elköö olko sortanut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	sortakaa	elkää sortako	2nd plural	olkaa sortaneet	elkää olko sortaneet
3rd plural	sortakoot	elkööt sortako, elköö sorrettako	3rd plural	olkoot sortaneet	elkööt olko sortaneet, elköö olko sorrettu
impersonal	sorrettakkoo	elköö sorrettako	impersonal	olkoo sorrettu	elköö olko sorrettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	sortanen	en sortane
2nd singular	sortanet	et sortane
3rd singular	sortanoo	ei sortane
1st plural	sortanemma	emmä sortane
2nd plural	sortanetta	että sortane
3rd plural	sortanoot	evät sortane, ei sorrettane
impersonal	sorrettannoo	ei sorrettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		sortaa	present	sortava	sorrettava
2nd	inessive	sortajees	past	sortant, sortanut	sorrettu
2nd	instructive	sortaen	¹⁾ Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. ²⁾ Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. ^) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (sortakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. ^) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) to the indicative ^*) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) or -kse* to either the indicative or the potential ^***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-*, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	sortamaa
	inessive	sortamaas
	elative	sortamast
	abessive	sortamata
4th	nominative	sortamiin
	partitive	sortamista, sortamist

Derived terms

sortua

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 541

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References