sikolt
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same onomatopoeic (sound-imitative) root as the verb sikít (“to scream”) -olt (instantaneous suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]sikolt
- (intransitive) to scream, shriek, screech (to cry out with a shrill voice; to utter a sudden, sharp outcry, or shrill, loud cry, as in fright or extreme pain)
- (transitive) to scream, shriek (to utter in or with a shriek)
- Segítség! - sikoltotta. ― 'Help!' she screamed.
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of sikolt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | sikoltok | sikoltasz | sikolt | sikoltunk | sikoltotok | sikoltanak | |
Def. | sikoltom | sikoltod | sikoltja | sikoltjuk | sikoltjátok | sikoltják | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikoltalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | sikoltottam | sikoltottál | sikoltott | sikoltottunk | sikoltottatok | sikoltottak | ||
Def. | sikoltottam | sikoltottad | sikoltotta | sikoltottuk | sikoltottátok | sikoltották | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikoltottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. sikoltani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | sikolték | sikoltál | sikolta | sikoltánk | sikoltátok | sikoltának | ||
Def. | sikoltám | sikoltád | sikoltá | sikoltánk | sikoltátok | sikolták | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikoltálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. sikolt vala, sikoltott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | sikoltandok | sikoltandasz | sikoltand | sikoltandunk | sikoltandotok | sikoltandanak | ||
Def. | sikoltandom | sikoltandod | sikoltandja | sikoltandjuk | sikoltandjátok | sikoltandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikoltandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | sikoltanék | sikoltanál | sikoltana | sikoltanánk | sikoltanátok | sikoltanának | |
Def. | sikoltanám | sikoltanád | sikoltaná | sikoltanánk (or sikoltanók) |
sikoltanátok | sikoltanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikoltanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. sikoltott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | sikoltsak | sikolts or sikoltsál |
sikoltson | sikoltsunk | sikoltsatok | sikoltsanak | |
Def. | sikoltsam | sikoltsd or sikoltsad |
sikoltsa | sikoltsuk | sikoltsátok | sikoltsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikoltsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. sikoltott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | sikoltani | sikoltanom | sikoltanod | sikoltania | sikoltanunk | sikoltanotok | sikoltaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
sikoltás | sikoltó | sikoltott | sikoltandó | sikoltva (sikoltván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of sikolt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | sikolthatok | sikolthatsz | sikolthat | sikolthatunk | sikolthattok | sikolthatnak | |
Def. | sikolthatom | sikolthatod | sikolthatja | sikolthatjuk | sikolthatjátok | sikolthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikolthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | sikolthattam | sikolthattál | sikolthatott | sikolthattunk | sikolthattatok | sikolthattak | ||
Def. | sikolthattam | sikolthattad | sikolthatta | sikolthattuk | sikolthattátok | sikolthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikolthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | sikolthaték | sikolthatál | sikolthata | sikolthatánk | sikolthatátok | sikolthatának | ||
Def. | sikolthatám | sikolthatád | sikolthatá | sikolthatánk | sikolthatátok | sikolthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikolthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. sikolthat vala, sikolthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | sikolthatandok or sikoltandhatok |
sikolthatandasz or sikoltandhatsz |
sikolthatand or sikoltandhat |
sikolthatandunk or sikoltandhatunk |
sikolthatandotok or sikoltandhattok |
sikolthatandanak or sikoltandhatnak | ||
Def. | sikolthatandom or sikoltandhatom |
sikolthatandod or sikoltandhatod |
sikolthatandja or sikoltandhatja |
sikolthatandjuk or sikoltandhatjuk |
sikolthatandjátok or sikoltandhatjátok |
sikolthatandják or sikoltandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikolthatandalak or sikoltandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | sikolthatnék | sikolthatnál | sikolthatna | sikolthatnánk | sikolthatnátok | sikolthatnának | |
Def. | sikolthatnám | sikolthatnád | sikolthatná | sikolthatnánk (or sikolthatnók) |
sikolthatnátok | sikolthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikolthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. sikolthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | sikolthassak | sikolthass or sikolthassál |
sikolthasson | sikolthassunk | sikolthassatok | sikolthassanak | |
Def. | sikolthassam | sikolthasd or sikolthassad |
sikolthassa | sikolthassuk | sikolthassátok | sikolthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | sikolthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. sikolthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (sikolthatni) | (sikolthatnom) | (sikolthatnod) | (sikolthatnia) | (sikolthatnunk) | (sikolthatnotok) | (sikolthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | sikoltható | Neg. adj. | sikolthatatlan | Adv. part. | (sikolthatva / sikolthatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ sikolt in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- sikolt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN