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reniform

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 29 December 2022

Etymology

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A drawing of a section of a human kidney, showing a reniform (sense 1) shape. (The kidneys of small- to moderate-sized mammals are generally of this shape; larger mammals’ kidneys tend to be more lobular.)
Kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are reniform (sense 1).
The reniform (sense 1) compound eyes of a species of longhorn beetle (family Cerambycidae).
The upper surface of a lumbar vertebra is reniform (sense 1).
The red kuri squash (Cucurbita maxima) has reniform (sense 1.1) leaves.

Learned borrowing from Latin rēnis (the genitive singular of rēn (“kidney”); see further at that entry) English -form (suffix meaning ‘having the form or shape of’), modelled after New Latin rēnifōrmis (“of seeds: kidney-shaped”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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reniform (not comparable)

  1. (chiefly biology, mineralogy) Synonym of kidney-shaped (“having an approximately circular or elongated ovoid shape with an inward curve or indentation on one side”)
    intussusception with a reniform appearance
    multiple reniform circumscribed fat-containing masses
    • [1745, James Parsons, “Tab. V. Fig. 12. a. Cow-itch, Coughage, or Stinging-Beans.”, in The Microscopical Theatre of Seeds: […], volume I, London: […] F. Needham, […]; and sold by M. Cooper, […], →OCLC, page 201:
      The Bean […] is oval, and not at all reniform'd like the Kidney-Beans.]
    • 1751, John Hill, “Class the Sixth. Order the First. Division the First. Hexandria Monogynia, Having Corollæ Divided into Three Segments, and Cups to Them. [TRADESCANTIA.]”, in A General Natural History: Or, New and Accurate Descriptions of the Animals, Vegetables, and Minerals of the Different Parts of the World; […], volume II (A History of Plants), London: […] Thomas Osborne, […], →OCLC, part III (Plants Called the More Perfect Ones), page 364:
      [T]he antheræ are reniform: the germen is oval, and obtuſely trigonal; […]
    • 1756, Albert Haller [i.e., Albrecht von Haller], “Observation LIX. A Coalition of the Kidnies.”, in Pathological Observations, Chiefly from Dissections of Morbid Bodies, London: […] D. Wilson and T. Durnam, […], →OCLC, page 178:
      In one of the ſegments of the lovver portion of the kidney, there vvas a large reniform Papillæ, in the outer circumference of vvhich a ſmall part of the papillary fleſh vvas vvanting. […] In the oppoſite ſegment, there vvas a fourth reniform Papilla, reſembling the firſt; […]
    • 1799, William Babington, “[Class III. Metals. Order II. Fragile. Genus IV. Cobalt.] Species II. Native Oxyde of Cobalt.”, in A New System of Mineralogy, in the Form of a Catalogue, after the Manner of Baron Born’s Systematic Catalogue of the Collection of Fossils of Mlle. Élénore de Raab, London: […] T[homas] Bensley, […]; and sold by W. Phillips, […]; G. G. and J. Robinsons, […]; and T[homas] Cox, […], →OCLC, page 232:
      The oxyde of cobalt, […] is found either ſuperficial, interſperſed, or in lumps; ſometimes botryoidal or reniform or bearing particular impreſſions.
    • 1861, Richard F[rancis] Burton, “To Ruby Valley”, in The City of the Saints and across the Rocky Mountains to California, London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, →OCLC, page 570:
      Nothing could be more simple than the furniture. The chairs were either posts mounted on four legs spread out for a base, or three-legged stools with reniform seats.
    1. (botany) Of a leaf: kidney-shaped, with the petiole attached at the notch.
      Coordinate term: obreniform

Derived terms

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Translations

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References

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  1. ^ “reniform, adj.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “reniform, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French réniforme.

Adjective

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reniform m or n (feminine singular reniformă, masculine plural reniformi, feminine and neuter plural reniforme)

  1. reniform

Declension

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singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative-
accusative 		indefinite reniform reniformă reniformi reniforme
definite reniformul reniforma reniformii reniformele
genitive-
dative 		indefinite reniform reniforme reniformi reniforme
definite reniformului reniformei reniformilor reniformelor
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