quadragesima

See also: Quadragesima and quadragésima

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin quadrāgēsima (“the fortieth part; Lent”), substantive of quadrāgēsimus (“fortieth”). Doublet of the inherited quaresima.

Noun

quadragesima f (plural quadragesime)

1. Quadragesima

Related terms

• quaresima

Latin

Etymology

From quadragesimus (“fortieth”), from quadraginta (“forty”).

Noun

quadrāgēsima f (genitive quadrāgēsimae); first declension

1. Lent, Christian fast of forty days

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	quadrāgēsima	quadrāgēsimae
genitive	quadrāgēsimae	quadrāgēsimārum
dative	quadrāgēsimae	quadrāgēsimīs
accusative	quadrāgēsimam	quadrāgēsimās
ablative	quadrāgēsimā	quadrāgēsimīs
vocative	quadrāgēsima	quadrāgēsimae

Derived terms

• Quadragesima Sancti Martini (“Saint Martin's Lent”)

Descendants

Many reflect an early shortening to *quarēsima. Compare the reflexes of quadrāgintā 'forty'.

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: preasinj, pãreasinj
  • Romanian: păresimi, Păresimi
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: Quaresima
    • →? Sicilian: Quarèsima
  • Neapolitan: Quarajesima, Corajesima
  • Sicilian: Quarìsima
• Northern Italian:
  • Friulian: cresime, coresime
  • Ladin: carëisema
  • Romansch: curaisma, cureisma, curesma, quaraisma
  • Venetan: cuaréxema
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: Carêma
  • Old French: caresme, quaresme
    • French: carême
    • Norman: Carême, Tchithême (Jersey)
    • Picard: carème, carinme (Amiens), cwarème (Lille/Hainaut) ⇒ carémieu, carimeu, coérémieu
    • Walloon: cwareme
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Aragonese: cuaresma
  • Catalan: quaresma, coresma
  • Occitan: caresma
• West Iberian:
  • Asturian: Cuaresma
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: quaraesma, quareesma, coresma
    • Galician: coresma
    • Portuguese: quaresma
  • Old Spanish: quaraesma
    • Spanish: Cuaresma
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: caresima
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Albanian: kreshmë
  • → Basque: garizuma
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *Karaɣuɨs
    • Middle Breton: hoarais, hoarays, *coarais
      • Breton: Koraiz
    • Middle Welsh: garawys
      • Welsh: Garawys, Grawys
  • → Old Irish: Corgus
    • Irish: Carghas
    • Scottish Gaelic: Carghas
  • → Serbo-Croatian: korizma
• Learned borrowings:
  • → French: quadragésime
  • → Italian: quadragesima
  • → Portuguese: quadragésima
  • → Spanish: cuadragésima

References

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 775: “la quaresima” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “quadragesima”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 1389

Further reading

• quadragesima in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• quadragesima in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “quadragesima”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• quadragesima in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “quadragesima”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin