praemium
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See also: præmium
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From prae- (“before”) emō (“acquire, obtain”), i.e. "what one has got before or better than others".
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈprae̯.mi.um/, [ˈpräe̯miʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpre.mi.um/, [ˈprɛːmium]
Noun
[edit]praemium n (genitive praemiī or praemī); second declension
- profit derived from booty
- profit, advantage, prerogative, distinction
- Synonyms: commodum, profectus, usus, commoditās, lucrum
- Antonyms: incommodum, detrimentum, damnum
- prize, reward, recompense
- bribe, bribery
- (figuratively), the ironical sense of a reward, etc., as a desired thought, feeling, result or outcome
- Synonym: pretium
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.32-33:
- “[...] sōlāne perpetuā maerēns carpēre iuventā,
nec dulcis nātōs, Veneris nec praemia nōris?”- “[...] [will you] waste away alone, sorrowful all throughout your youth, never to have known sweet children, nor the rewards of Venus?”
(That is, the pleasures of sexual love. Syncopation: nōris = nōveris. Translations vary – Mackail, 1885: “love’s bounty”; Knight, 1956: “all that Venus gives”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “the soft rewards”; Fitzgerald, 1981: “the crown of joy that Venus brings”; West, 1990: “the rewards of love”; Lombardo, 2005: “love’s joys”; Fagles, 2006: “all the gifts of love”; Ahl, 2007: “joys Venus offers, delights that she yields”.)
- “[...] [will you] waste away alone, sorrowful all throughout your youth, never to have known sweet children, nor the rewards of Venus?”
- “[...] sōlāne perpetuā maerēns carpēre iuventā,
- Spinoza, Ethica Liber V:
- Beatitudo non est virtutis praemium, sed ipsa virtus.
- Happiness is not a reward of virtue, but is a virtue itself.
- Beatitudo non est virtutis praemium, sed ipsa virtus.
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun (neuter).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | praemium | praemia |
| genitive | praemiī praemī1 |
praemiōrum |
| dative | praemiō | praemiīs |
| accusative | praemium | praemia |
| ablative | praemiō | praemiīs |
| vocative | praemium | praemia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Descendants
[edit]
- Asturian: premiu
- Catalan: premi
- Galician: premio
- Italian: premio
- Occitan: prèmi
- Portuguese: prémio, prêmio (Brazil)
- Romanian: premiu
- Sicilian: premiu
- Spanish: premio
- → Alemannic German: Breemi
- → Dutch: premie
- → English: premium
- → French: premium
- → German: Prämie
- → Hungarian: prémium
- → Norwegian: premie
- → Polish: premia
- → Russian: премия (premija)
- → Spanish: premium
- → Swedish: premium, premie
References
[edit]- “praemium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “praemium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- praemium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to remunerate (handsomely): praemiis (amplissimis, maximis) aliquem afficere
- to reward a man according to his deserts: meritum praemium alicui persolvere
- (to encourage) by offering a reward: praemium exponere or proponere
- to offer a prize (for the winner): praemium ponere
- to remunerate (handsomely): praemiis (amplissimis, maximis) aliquem afficere