pelagus
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Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Ancient Greek πέλαγος (pélagos).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpe.la.ɡus/, [ˈpɛɫ̪äɡʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpe.la.ɡus/, [ˈpɛːläɡus]
Noun
[edit]pelagus n (genitive pelagī); second declension
- the sea
- Publius Vergilius Maro (Vergil), Aeneis, liber VI. In: Virgil with an English translation by H. Rushton Fairclough, vol. I of two volumes, 1916, p. 444f.:
- Ut pelagus tenuere rates nec iam amplius ulla
occurrit tellus, maria undique et undique caelum,
olli caeruleus supra caput adstitit imber,
noctem hiememque ferens, et inhorruit unda tenebris.- When the ships gained the deep and no longer any land is in sight, but sea on all sides and on all sides sky, then overhead loomed a black raincloud, bringing night and tempest, and the wave shuddered darkling.
- Ut pelagus tenuere rates nec iam amplius ulla
- Publius Vergilius Maro (Vergil), Aeneis, liber X. In: Virgil with an English translation by H. Rushton Fairclough, vol. II of two volumes, 1918, p. 196f.:
- ecce, maris magna claudit nos obice pontus,
deest iam terra fugae; pelagus Troiamne petamus?- Lo! ocean hems us in with mighty barrier of sea; even now earth fails our flight; shall we seek the main or Troy?
- ecce, maris magna claudit nos obice pontus,
- Marcus Annaeus Seneca, Suasoriae. In: Stefan Feddern, Die Suasorien des älteren Seneca: Einleitung, Text und Kommentar, 2013, p. 101f.:
- Immensum et humanae intemptatum experientiae pelagus, totius orbis vinculum terrarumque custodia, inagitata remigio vastitas, litora modo saeviente fluctu inquieta, modo fugiente deserta; taetra caligo fluctus premit, et nescio qui, quod humanis natura subduxit oculis, aeterna nox obruit.
- Letter attributed to Pope Callixtus II:
- In pelagis multarum aquarum crebro cecidi, proximus morti, et evasit codex minime infectus, me exeunte.
- 17th century, Aristotealoys problematon tmema to ie, p. 179:
- Quae tamen tolli potest, si dixerimus, comparata aqua in pelagis, id est in medio maris, sed in superficie, cum aqua in profundo medii maris, verissimus esse; [...]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Publius Vergilius Maro (Vergil), Aeneis, liber VI. In: Virgil with an English translation by H. Rushton Fairclough, vol. I of two volumes, 1916, p. 444f.:
- (rare) the plain, especially in the Aeneid
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun (neuter, nominative/accusative/vocative in -us).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pelagus | pelagē |
| genitive | pelagī | pelagōrum |
| dative | pelagō | pelagīs |
| accusative | pelagus | pelagē |
| ablative | pelagō | pelagīs |
| vocative | pelagus | pelagē |
- In general, pelagus is used only in the singular. Rarely, the nominative/accusative/vocative plural form pelagē occurs, borrowed from the Greek original. Likewise rare is the dative/ablative plural pelagīs.
- There is also accusative singular pelagum, which implies masculine gender. This would have nominative and vocative plural *pelagī and accusative plural *pelagōs instead of pelagē.
- The Ancient Greek genitive plural is πελαγῶν (pelagôn), while the Latin genitive plural ends in -ōrum or -um (also spelled -ûm).
Synonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Asturian: piélagu, pielgu
- Catalan: pèlag, pèlec
- Gallurese: pègulu[1]
- Old Italian: pèlago[2]
- Italian: pelago
- Old Galician-Portuguese: peego, pélago (“stream; lagoon; well”),[3]
- Sardinian:
- Sicilian: pèlagu (Old Messinese)[2]
- Old Spanish: piélago
- Spanish: piélago
- Venetan: pellago (Old Venetan), pellego (Old Venetan)[2]
- Venetan: pièłago
Other formations:
- *im-pelag-āre
- Spanish: empalagar
- → Sardinian: impalagare[3]
- Portuguese: empegar[3]
- Spanish: empalagar
- *pelag-ālem
- *pelag-ittus
- Old Italian: pelaghetto[2]
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, "pèlago"
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Pietro G. Beltrami, Lino Leonardi, Paolo Squillacioti, editors (2021 June 29 (last accessed)), “Tesoro della lingua Italiana delle Origini”, in TLIO - Il dizionario storico della lingua italiana[1], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “empalagar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 570
- “pelagus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pelagus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pelagus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Félix Gaffiot (1934) “pelagus”, in Dictionnaire illustré latin-français [Illustrated Latin-French Dictionary] (in French), Hachette.
- “pelagus”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[2]
Categories:
- Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin neuter nouns in the second declension
- Latin neuter nouns
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin terms with rare senses