mugir
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Probably borrowed from Latin mūgīre. First attested in c. 1400.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]mugir (first-person singular present mugeixo, first-person singular preterite mugí, past participle mugit)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | mugir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | mugint | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | mugit | mugida | |||||
plural | mugits | mugides | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | mugeixo | mugeixes | mugeix | mugim | mugiu | mugeixen | |
imperfect | mugia | mugies | mugia | mugíem | mugíeu | mugien | |
future | mugiré | mugiràs | mugirà | mugirem | mugireu | mugiran | |
preterite | mugí | mugires | mugí | mugírem | mugíreu | mugiren | |
conditional | mugiria | mugiries | mugiria | mugiríem | mugiríeu | mugirien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | mugeixi | mugeixis | mugeixi | mugim | mugiu | mugeixin | |
imperfect | mugís | mugissis | mugís | mugíssim | mugíssiu | mugissin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | mugeix | mugeixi | mugim | mugiu | mugeixin | |
negative (no) | — | no mugeixis | no mugeixi | no mugim | no mugiu | no mugeixin |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “mugir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Further reading
[edit]- “mugir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “mugir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “mugir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Alteration of the inherited Old French muir, muire, based on the original etymology, Latin mūgīre
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]mugir
- to moo
- Entends mugir les vaches. ― Listen to the cows mooing.
- to roar
- 1792, Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle (lyrics and music), “La Marseillaise”:
- Entendez-vous dans les campagnes / Mugir ces féroces soldats ?
- Do you hear, in the countryside / The roar of those ferocious soldiers?
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | mugir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | mugissant /my.ʒi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant past participle | ||||||
past participle | mugi /my.ʒi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugit /my.ʒi/ |
mugissons /my.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
mugissez /my.ʒi.se/ |
mugissent /my.ʒis/ |
imperfect | mugissais /my.ʒi.sɛ/ |
mugissais /my.ʒi.sɛ/ |
mugissait /my.ʒi.sɛ/ |
mugissions /my.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
mugissiez /my.ʒi.sje/ |
mugissaient /my.ʒi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugit /my.ʒi/ |
mugîmes /my.ʒim/ |
mugîtes /my.ʒit/ |
mugirent /my.ʒiʁ/ | |
future | mugirai /my.ʒi.ʁe/ |
mugiras /my.ʒi.ʁa/ |
mugira /my.ʒi.ʁa/ |
mugirons /my.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ |
mugirez /my.ʒi.ʁe/ |
mugiront /my.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | mugirais /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
mugirais /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
mugirait /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
mugirions /my.ʒi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
mugiriez /my.ʒi.ʁje/ |
mugiraient /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | mugisse /my.ʒis/ |
mugisses /my.ʒis/ |
mugisse /my.ʒis/ |
mugissions /my.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
mugissiez /my.ʒi.sje/ |
mugissent /my.ʒis/ |
imperfect2 | mugisse /my.ʒis/ |
mugisses /my.ʒis/ |
mugît /my.ʒi/ |
mugissions /my.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
mugissiez /my.ʒi.sje/ |
mugissent /my.ʒis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | mugis /my.ʒi/ |
— | mugissons /my.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
mugissez /my.ʒi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir past participle | simple imperative of avoir past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Synonyms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “mugir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese mogir, mugir, from Latin mūgīre (“to moo”), from Proto-Indo-European *mug-, *mūg-.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Verb
[edit]mugir (first-person singular present mujo, first-person singular preterite mugi, past participle mugido)
- to moo (to make a lowing sound)
Conjugation
[edit]Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | mugir | |||||
Personal | mugir | mugires | mugir | mugirmos | mugirdes | mugirem |
Gerund | ||||||
mugindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | mugido | mugidos | ||||
Feminine | mugida | mugidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | mujo | muges | muge | mugimos | mugis | mugem |
Imperfect | mugia | mugias | mugia | mugíamos | mugíeis | mugiam |
Preterite | mugi | mugiste | mugiu | mugimos | mugistes | mugiram |
Pluperfect | mugira | mugiras | mugira | mugíramos | mugíreis | mugiram |
Future | mugirei | mugirás | mugirá | mugiremos | mugireis | mugirão |
Conditional | mugiria | mugirias | mugiria | mugiríamos | mugiríeis | mugiriam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | muja | mujas | muja | mujamos | mujais | mujam |
Imperfect | mugisse | mugisses | mugisse | mugíssemos | mugísseis | mugissem |
Future | mugir | mugires | mugir | mugirmos | mugirdes | mugirem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | muge | muja | mujamos | mugi | mujam | |
Negative (não) | não mujas | não muja | não mujamos | não mujais | não mujam |
Related terms
[edit]Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin mūgīre.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]mugir (first-person singular present mujo, first-person singular preterite mugí, past participle mugido)
- (intransitive) to moo
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | mugir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | mugiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | mugido | mugida | |||||
plural | mugidos | mugidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | mujo | mugestú mugísvos |
muge | mugimos | mugís | mugen | |
imperfect | mugía | mugías | mugía | mugíamos | mugíais | mugían | |
preterite | mugí | mugiste | mugió | mugimos | mugisteis | mugieron | |
future | mugiré | mugirás | mugirá | mugiremos | mugiréis | mugirán | |
conditional | mugiría | mugirías | mugiría | mugiríamos | mugiríais | mugirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | muja | mujastú mujásvos2 |
muja | mujamos | mujáis | mujan | |
imperfect (ra) |
mugiera | mugieras | mugiera | mugiéramos | mugierais | mugieran | |
imperfect (se) |
mugiese | mugieses | mugiese | mugiésemos | mugieseis | mugiesen | |
future1 | mugiere | mugieres | mugiere | mugiéremos | mugiereis | mugieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | mugetú mugívos |
muja | mujamos | mugid | mujan | ||
negative | no mujas | no muja | no mujamos | no mujáis | no mujan |
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
[edit]- “mugir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan third conjugation verbs
- Catalan third conjugation verbs with -eix-
- ca:Animal sounds
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:French/iʁ
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- French lemmas
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- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
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- Portuguese 3-syllable words
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- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ir
- Portuguese verbs with g-j alternation
- pt:Animal sounds
- Spanish terms borrowed from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/iɾ
- Rhymes:Spanish/iɾ/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish verbs
- Spanish verbs ending in -ir
- Spanish verbs with g-j alternation
- Spanish intransitive verbs
- Spanish onomatopoeias