jzft

Egyptian

FWOTD – 1 September 2021

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /jaˈzaːfat/ → /jaˈsaːfaʔ/ → /ʔaˈsaːfa/ → /ʔaˈsoːfə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /jaˈzaːfat/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /jaˈsaːfaʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈsaːfa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈsoːfə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /izfɛt/
  • Conventional anglicization: izfet

Noun

 f

1. falsehood, lie

   Synonym: grg

2. wrong, sin, wickedness
   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 17–18:

     
     

     sḥww n.f ḏꜣḏꜣt mꜣꜥt psḏt nb-r-ḏr ḏs.f nbw-mꜣꜥt zmꜣyw jm.s mkḥꜣyw jsft snḏmw m wsḫt nt gbb r rdjt jꜣwt n nb.s (n)syt n mꜣꜥt.s n.f

     The Tribunal of Maat was convened for him: the Ennead, the Lord of All himself, and the possessors of righteousness who were united in it, who scorn wrongdoing, sitting in the hall of Geb to give the office to its owner and the kingship to the one to whom it justly belonged.

3. injustice, wrong (done to someone)
4. disorder or chaos in the state or cosmos
5. uncleanliness [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Declension of jzft (feminine)

singular	jzft
dual	jzftj
plural	jzfwt

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jzft  

jzft	jsft	jsft	jsf	jsft
[Pyramid Texts]	[Middle Kingdom]	[Middle Kingdom]	[Late Period]	[Late Period]

Antonyms

• mꜣꜥt

Derived terms

• jrj jzft
• jzftj

 

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 120.
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN