im-
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Latin im-, assimilated form of in- used before b-/p-/m-.
Prefix
[edit]im-
- Expressing negation; not.
Usage notes
[edit]Widely used in borrowings (from French and Latin). Somewhat productive (appended as prefix to existing English words).
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From em-, from Old French em-. Also from later Middle French im-, partly by confusion with im- of Latin origin (on which see above).
Prefix
[edit]im-
Usage notes
[edit]Both used in borrowings (from French and Latin), and productive (appended as prefix to existing English words), as in imbed, imbitter, imbody, imbosom, imbower, imbrown; and similarly impark.[1]
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Skeat, Walter W. (1882) An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. Oxford.
Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- Form used before a root beginning with the letter b, m, or p of in-
- im- perdible → imperdible
Choctaw
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im- (before consonants i̱-, class III third-person)
- the indirect object of an active transitive verb
- to him, her, it or them; for him, her, it or them
- the subject of an intransitive affective verb
- he, she, it or they
- the direct object of a small set of transitive verbs mostly dealing with affect, communication and intimacy
- him, her, it or them
- indicates possession of a noun
- his, her, its or their
Inflection
[edit]class I | class II | class III | class N | imperative | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
s | C | V | C/i | a/o | C | V | C | V | C | V | |||
first-person | singular | initial | -li | sa- | si- | a̱- | am- | ak- | n/a | ||||
medial | -sa- | -sam- | |||||||||||
paucal | ī- | il- | pi- | pi̱- | pim- | kī- | kil- | ||||||
plural | hapi- | hapi̱- | hapim- | ||||||||||
second-person | singular | is- | ish- | chi- | chi̱- | chim- | chik- | ∅ | |||||
plural | has- | hash- | hachi- | hachi̱- | hachim- | hachik- | ho- | oh- | |||||
third-person | ∅ | ∅ | i̱- | im- | ik- |
East Central German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compare German -um, English um-, Dutch om-, Swedish om-, Icelandic um-.
Prefix
[edit]im-
- (Erzgebirgisch) round, round about
- (Erzgebirgisch) repeatedly, over again, re-
- (Erzgebirgisch) in another way
- (Erzgebirgisch) to the ground, down, over
Derived terms
[edit]- Imbau
- imbaue
- imblohsn
- imbrenge
- imdrehe
- imfahrn
- imflieng
- Imgaabing
- imgaam
- imgebardlt
- imgenitt
- imgiehe
- imgromme
- imguckn
- imhaae
- imhern
- imhilln
- imkehrn
- imknickn
- imkomme
- imkrampln
- imleeng
- imlodn
- imme
- immedimm
- immenim
- immering
- immering kumme
- immerink
- immesisst
- immr
- imreime
- imrenne
- immriehrn
- imschietn
- imschreim
- imse
- imwannln
- imzeine
- imziehe
Further reading
[edit]- 2020 June 11, Hendrik Heidler, Hendrik Heidler's 400 Seiten: Echtes Erzgebirgisch: Wuu de Hasen Hoosn haaßn un de Hosen Huusn do sei mir drhamm: Das Original Wörterbuch: Ratgeber und Fundgrube der erzgebirgischen Mund- und Lebensart: Erzgebirgisch – Deutsch / Deutsch – Erzgebirgisch[1], 3. geänderte Auflage edition, Norderstedt: BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 46:
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ɛ̃/ (always before a b or p, sometimes before a mm)
- IPA(key): /im/ (sometimes before a m)
Audio: (file)
Prefix
[edit]im-
- a form of the prefix in-, used before b, m and p
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “im-”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
[edit]Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Irish imm-, from Proto-Celtic *ambi-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi.
Prefix
[edit]im- (lenites except with m; becomes iom- before broad m)
Prefix
[edit]im- (intensive particle; lenites except with m; becomes iom- before broad consonant or vowel)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “im-”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Assimilated form of in-, before b-/p-/m-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- Alternative form of in-
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Assimilated form of in-, before b-/p-/m-.
Prefix
[edit]im-
- Alternative form of in-
Northern Ndebele
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- Class 9 noun prefix; form of in- used before stems beginning with a labial consonant.
Northern Ohlone
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- em- (before syllables with open vowels)
Etymology
[edit]Compare Southern Ohlone men-.
Pronoun
[edit]im-
Pronoun
[edit]im-
See also
[edit]Number | Person | Subject | Object | Possesive | ||||
Disjunctive1 | Proclitic |
Enclitic | Disjunctive1 | Proclitic | Enclitic | |||
Singular | First | kaana | ek- | -ek, -k | kiš, kaaniš | kiš- | -kiš | ek-, kaanak |
Second | meene | em-, im- | -em, -im, -m | miš | emiš-, imiš-, miš- | -miš | em-, meenem | |
Third | waaka | Ø-2 | -Ø2 | wiš | Ø-2, eš- | -Ø2, -eš | i-, waakai- | |
Plural | First | makkin | mak- | -mak | makkiš, makkinše | — | — | mak-, makkinmak |
Second | makkam | kam- | -kam | makkamše | — | — | kam-, makkam | |
Third | waakamak | ya- | -ya | yaṭiš | — | — | ya-, waakamak | |
1Disjunctive is mostly used in copular sentences or for emphasis, either alone (eg. kaana) or with a clitic (eg. kaana-k ...-ek). 2Null morpheme. An unmarked verb implies a third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives waaka and wiš may also be used. Note: Proclitic and enclitic forms can combine an undergo syncope, eg. ellešk (“let me do to him/her/it”) = elle -eš -ek |
References
[edit]María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges)[2], Unpublished
Ojibwe
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- Alternative form of nim-
See also
[edit]Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- im-, en-
- im- moralizm → immoralizm
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- im- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- a form of the prefix in-, used before b and p
Spanish
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- a form of the prefix in-, used before b and p
Further reading
[edit]- “im-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swazi
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- Class 9 noun prefix; form of in- used before stems beginning with a labial consonant.
Xhosa
[edit]Prefix
[edit]im-
- Class 9 noun prefix; form of in- used before stems beginning with a labial consonant.
Zulu
[edit]Prefix
[edit]ím-
- Class 9 noun prefix; form of in- used before stems beginning with a labial consonant.
References
[edit]- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “im-, in-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “im-, in-”
- English terms derived from Latin
- English lemmas
- English prefixes
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Middle French
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan prefixes
- Choctaw lemmas
- Choctaw prefixes
- Choctaw terms with usage examples
- East Central German lemmas
- East Central German prefixes
- Erzgebirgisch
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French prefixes
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ent-
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish lemmas
- Irish prefixes
- Italian 1-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Italian lemmas
- Italian prefixes
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin prefix forms
- Northern Ndebele lemmas
- Northern Ndebele prefixes
- Northern Ndebele noun prefixes
- Northern Ohlone lemmas
- Northern Ohlone pronouns
- Northern Ohlone compound terms
- Ojibwe lemmas
- Ojibwe prefixes
- Ojibwe personal prefixes
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/im
- Rhymes:Polish/im/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish prefixes
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese prefixes
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish prefixes
- Swazi lemmas
- Swazi prefixes
- Swazi noun prefixes
- Xhosa lemmas
- Xhosa prefixes
- Xhosa noun prefixes
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu prefixes
- Zulu noun prefixes