il-
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "il"
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin il-, assimilated form of in- before l-.
Prefix
[edit]il-
Synonyms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Prefix
[edit]il-
- Form used before a root beginning with the letter l of in-
Usage notes
[edit]- Normally this prefix will combine with the root to make a word that uses the ela geminada. For example, il- and legal combine to form il·legal. but for some words, the use of the ela palatal will provide an alternative form or the preferred form. Thus il- and legible can combine to form either illegible or il·legible, while il- and letrat (“literate”) combine only as illetrat (“illiterate”) in Standard Catalan, although il·letrat is a common, but still illiterate, misspelling.
Derived terms
[edit]Choctaw
[edit]Prefix
[edit]il- (before consonants ī-, class I first-person plural)
Inflection
[edit]Choctaw Person Markers
class I | class II | class III | class N | imperative | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
s | C | V | C/i | a/o | C | V | C | V | C | V | |||
first-person | singular | initial | -li | sa- | si- | a̱- | am- | ak- | n/a | ||||
medial | -sa- | -sam- | |||||||||||
paucal | ī- | il- | pi- | pi̱- | pim- | kī- | kil- | ||||||
plural | hapi- | hapi̱- | hapim- | ||||||||||
second-person | singular | is- | ish- | chi- | chi̱- | chim- | chik- | ∅ | |||||
plural | has- | hash- | hachi- | hachi̱- | hachim- | hachik- | ho- | oh- | |||||
third-person | ∅ | ∅ | i̱- | im- | ik- |
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Prefix
[edit]il-
- Variant of in- used before l
Derived terms
[edit]Irish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From il (“much, many”), from Old Irish il, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁- (compare Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “much”)).
Prefix
[edit]il- (Lenites except with d, s, t)
- multiple, poly-, multi-
- miscellaneous
- Synonyms: ilghnéitheach, ilchineálach, éagsúil
- sundry
- composite
Derived terms
[edit]- il-eitneach (“multi-ethnic”)
- il-leabhrach (“voluminous”)
- il-leannánachas (“promiscuity”)
- il-loscadh (“holocaust”)
- il-mhíchumas (“multiple disability”)
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Prefix
[edit]il-
- Alternative form of oll- (“great, gross”)
Mutation
[edit]Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
il- | n-il- | hil- | t-il- |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “il-”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “il-”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “il-”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Assimilated form of in-, before l-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]il-
- Alternative form of in-
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Assimilated form of in-, before l-.
Prefix
[edit]il-
- Alternative form of in-
Maltese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- l-, iċ-, id-, in-, ir-, is-, it-, ix-, iz-, iż-, ċ-, d-, n-, r-, s-, t-, x-, z-, ż- (see usage notes)
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]il-
Usage notes
[edit]- The article (in all forms) connects to the following word with a hyphen:
- Before an initial vowel, including before the vocalic letters għ and h, the i of the article is always dropped. This does not happen before q [ʔ], however:
- Before an initial consonant cluster beginning with a nasal or liquid, i.e. the letters l, m, n, r another consonant, an i is prefixed to the word and the article thus becomes l-:
- The same also usually happens before an initial s, x, ż an obstruent, i.e. a consonant other than j, l, m, n, r, w. This rule is somewhat similar to the Italian impure s, but it is applied with variation:
- Otherwise, before coronal consonants except ġ, the l of the article is generally assimilated. This means that before the letters ċ, d, n, r, s, t, x, z, ż, the article will have the according forms iċ-, id-, in-, ir-, is-, it-, ix-, iz-, iż-:
- Apart from ġ and the cases where an i is prefixed, there is another exception to this assimilation, namely that ad-hoc nominalisations of particles and the like are usually not assimilated:
- In the context of a sentence, the i of the article is not only dropped when the following word begins with a vowel, but also when the preceding word ends with a vowel:
- Rajna l-mara. ― We saw the woman.
Categories:
- English terms derived from Latin
- English non-lemma forms
- English prefix forms
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan prefixes
- Choctaw lemmas
- Choctaw prefixes
- French terms derived from Latin
- French lemmas
- French prefixes
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish lemmas
- Irish prefixes
- Italian 1-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian prefix forms
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin prefix forms
- Maltese terms inherited from Arabic
- Maltese terms derived from Arabic
- Maltese 1-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese articles
- Maltese terms with usage examples