homage

English

Etymology

From Middle English homage, from Old French homage, hommage, from Medieval Latin homināticum (“homage, the service of a vassal or 'man'”), from Latin homō (“a man, in Medieval Latin a vassal”) -āticum (noun-forming suffix). The American pronunciations in /-ɑːʒ/ and with silent h are due to confusion with the nearly synonymous doublet hommage, which is indeed pronounced /oʊˈmɑːʒ/.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈhɒmɪd͡ʒ/, /ˈhɒmɑːʒ/, /ɒˈmɑːʒ/
• (General American) enPR: (h)ŏmʹĭj, ō-mäjʹ, ŏ-mäjʹ, IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)ɑmɪd͡ʒ/, /oʊˈmɑʒ/, /ɒˈmɑːʒ/

• Audio (US):

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• Rhymes: -ɪdʒ, -ɑːʒ
• Hyphenation: hom‧age

Noun

homage (countable and uncountable, plural homages)

1. (countable, uncountable) A demonstration of respect, such as towards a person after their retirement or death.
   • 1735 January 13 (Gregorian calendar; indicated as 1734), [Alexander] Pope, An Epistle from Mr. Pope, to Dr. Arbuthnot, London: […] J[ohn] Wright for Lawton Gilliver […], →OCLC, page 11, lines 214–215:

     I ſought no homage from the Race that vvrite; / I kept, like Aſian Monarchs, from their ſight: […]

   • 1791 (date written), Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1792, →OCLC:

     When a man squeezes the hand of a pretty woman, […] she will consider such an impertinent freedom in the light of an insult, if she have any true delicacy, instead of being flattered by this unmeaning homage to beauty.

   • 2006, “New York Times”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     It’s appropriate that we pay homage to them and the sacrifices they made.

   • 2021 January 13, Christian Wolmar, “Read all about London’s Cathedrals of Steam”, in RAIL, number 922, page 62:

     My rainy-day tour in April during the first lockdown was, in fact, a homage to Sir John Betjeman - the poet and railway campaigner whose statue can be found on the upper concourse of St Pancras station.

2. (countable) An artistic work imitating another in a flattering style.
   • 2002, Kevin Williamson, Dawson's Creek (TV, episode 6.01)

     He likes to tell people that it's a Hitchcockian thriller, but that's kind of like saying Happy Gilmore is a homage to Woody Allen.

3. (historical) In feudalism, the formal oath of a vassal to honor his or her lord's rights.
   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     We'll do thee homage, and be rul'd by thee, / Love thee as our commander and our king.

   Synonym: (obsolete) manred

Usage notes

• Often used in the construction pay homage to.
• Because of the different pronunciations, homage is sometimes preceded by the article a and sometimes by an.
• Recently, the pronunciation /oʊˈmɑːʒ/ has been introduced from French for sense 2; see hommage, which preserves the French spelling.

Derived terms

• homager
• lip homage
• pay homage to

Translations

demonstration of respect

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Armenian: մեծարանք (hy) (mecarankʻ)
• Asturian: homenaxe (ast) m
• Bulgarian: по́чит (bg) f (póčit)
• Catalan: homenatge (ca)
• Danish: hyldest c, tribut c
• Dutch: eerbetoon (nl) n, hommage (nl) f, hulde (nl) f, huldeblijk (nl) n
• Esperanto: omaĝo
• Finnish: kunnianosoitus (fi)
• French: hommage (fr) m
• Galician: homenaxe f
• German: Respektsbezeigung f, Ehrerweisung f, Huldigung (de) f
• Greek: σεβασμός (el) m (sevasmós)
• Hebrew: הוקרה f (hokará), כיבוד m (kibúd)
• Hungarian: hódolat (hu)
• Irish: ómós m
• Italian: omaggio (it) m
• Macedonian: по́чит m (póčit)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hyllest m

• Occitan: omenatge (oc)
• Old English: please add this translation if you can
• Polish: hołd (pl) m
• Portuguese: homenagem (pt) f
• Romanian: omagiu (ro) n
• Russian: дань (ru) f (danʹ), почте́ние (ru) n (počténije)
• Spanish: homenaje (es) m

artistic work imitating another in a flattering style

• Danish: hyldest c
• Dutch: hommage (nl)
• Finnish: kunnianosoitus (fi)
• German: Hommage (de) f, Huldigung (de) f, Verbeugung (de) f (fig.)
• Greek: φόρος τιμής m (fóros timís)
• Italian: omaggio (it) m
• Macedonian: подража́вање n (podražávanje)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hyllest m

• Portuguese: homenagem (pt) f
• Romanian: omagiu (ro) f
• Russian: подража́ние (ru) n (podražánije)
• Spanish: homenaje (es) m

in feudalism, the formal oath of a vassal to his or her lord

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Danish: lenshyldning c
• Dutch: hommage (nl), leenhulde, manschap (nl) n
• Esperanto: omaĝo
• Finnish: uskollisuudenvala
• French: hommage (fr) m
• German: Vasalleneid m, Gefolgschaftsschwur m, Vasallentreueschwur m
• Greek: δήλωση υποτέλειας f (dílosi ypotéleias)
• Hebrew: הומאז' m (homázh)
• Irish: ómós m
• Italian: omaggio (it) m
• Macedonian: призна́ние n (priznánie)
• Middle English: homage, manrede
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: lenshyldning (no) m

• Old English: manrǽden f
• Polish: hołd (pl) m, hołd lenny m
• Portuguese: homenagem (pt) f
• Romanian: omagiu (ro) n
• Russian: дань (ru) f (danʹ), пови́нность (ru) f (povínnostʹ)
• Spanish: homenaje (es) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Hebrew: ^{(please verify)} הומאז' m

Verb

homage (third-person singular simple present homages, present participle homaging, simple past and past participle homaged)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To pay reverence to by external action.
2. (transitive, obsolete) To cause to pay homage.
   • 1641, Abraham Cowley, A Poem on the Civil War:

     The Austrian Crowns and Romes seven Hills she shook; >br>To her great Neptune Homag'd all his Streams

Translations

pay reverence to somebody

• Bulgarian: почитам (bg) (počitam)
• Esperanto: omaĝi
• Finnish: ilmaista kunnioitusta, osoittaa kunnioitusta
• Macedonian: почи́тува (počítuva)
• Maori: whakamiramira

Further reading

• “homage”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “homage”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• Homage (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• ohmage

Middle English

Alternative forms

• hommage, omage, umage

Etymology

From Old French homage, hommage, from Medieval Latin homināticum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔmˈaːd͡ʒ(ə)/, /umˈaːd͡ʒ(ə)/

Noun

homage (plural homages)

1. An oath of loyalty to a liege performed by their vassal; a pledge of allegiance.
2. Money given to a liege by a vassal or the privilege of collecting such money.
3. A demonstration of respect or honor towards an individual (including prayer).
4. (rare) Membership in an organised religion or belief system.
5. (rare) The totality of a feudal lord's subjects when collected.

Related terms

• homager

Descendants

• English: homage
• Scots: homage
• → Irish: ómós

References

• “homāǧe, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-04-02.

Old French

Alternative forms

• hommage, honmage, humage

Etymology

Calque of Medieval Latin homināticum. By surface analysis, home ‎ -age.

Noun

homage oblique singular, m (oblique plural homages, nominative singular homages, nominative plural homage)

1. oath; pledge

Descendants

• Middle French: homage
  • French: hommage
    • → Romanian: omagiu
• → Italian: omaggio
• → Middle Dutch: homagie
  • Dutch: homage
• → Middle English: homage, hommage, omage, umage
  • English: homage
  • Scots: homage
  • → Irish: ómós
• → Sicilian: omaggiu

See also

• loiauté
• vasselage